Feeding and Eating Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Feeding and Eating Disorders
A
- Pica
- Rumination Disorder
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Binge-Eating Disorder
- Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder
- Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder
2
Q
Pica
A
- Repeated ingestion of nonfood substances
- At least 1 month
- Inappropriate to developmental level of individual
- Not part of culturally supported or socially normative practice
3
Q
Rumination Disorder
A
- Repeated regurgitation of food
- At least one month
- Not attributable to medical condition
- Doesn’t occur exclusively during anorexia, bulimia, binge-eating disorder, etc.
4
Q
Spectrum of Disordered Eating
A
- Over-eating on one side (bulimic, weight cycling, over eater, fat phobia) –> obesity
- Under-eating on other side (anorexia, fasting, chronic exerciser, fat phobia) –> starvation
- Different manifestations of a single disorder?
- Commonalities between AN and BN: food preoccupation, disturbed body perception, sexual dysfunction
5
Q
Physical/Associated Complications Related to EDs
A
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Mental slowing
- Emotional Challenges (e.g., depression)
- Pxs with thermoregulation
- Cardiac problems
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Impaired immune system
- Osteoporosis
6
Q
Anorexia Nervosa
A
- Restriction of energy intake leading to sig low body weight (less than minimally normal)
- Fear of gaining weight or becoming fat or persistent behavior that interferes with weight gain
- Disturbance in how body weight/shape is experienced/lack of recognition of seriousness of low body weight
7
Q
Anorexia Nervosa specifiers
A
- Restricting type or binge-eating/purging type
- In partial remission/full remission
- Severity levels based on BMI
8
Q
Physical Changes in Anorexia
A
- Low blood pressure, bradycardia (slow heart rate), kidney, & gastrointestinal problems
- Dehydration, diuretic use, laxative use
- Loss of bone (osteoporosis) and muscle mass
- Brittle nails, dry skin, hair loss
- Lanugo: fine downy body hair
- Electrolyte imbalance: usually potassium and sodium; can cause tiredness, weakness, and death
- Suppression of HPA: also LH and FSH
- Loss of brain mass (gray and white)
- Tooth decay
9
Q
AN Prognosis
A
- Recovery estimates vary; up to 70%
- Mortality likely over 10%
- Recovery long process- several years
- Relapse is common
- Some damage may be permanent
10
Q
Bulimia Nervosa
A
- Recurrent binge eating episodes: “eating an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most individuals would eat in a similar period of time”
- — a sense of lack of control during episodes
- Recurrent compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain
- Binging and purging occurs at least 1/week for 3 months
- Self-evaluation influenced by body shape and weight
11
Q
Bulimia specifiers
A
- In partial remission/in full remission
- Severity based on number of compensatory behaviors
12
Q
Bulimia Nervosa causes & info
A
- Stress and negative emotions often trigger bulimia
- Typical food choices: forbidden foods like junk food
- Likelihood of binge may increase with avoidance of craved food
- Binge: loss of control (usually shame and remorse after)
13
Q
Physical Changes in Bulimia
A
- Esophageal damage/rupture, hiatal hernia
- Stomach damage, abdominal pain
- Menstrual irregularities
- Electrolyte imbalance
- GI disturbance
- Tooth decay
14
Q
BN Prognosis
A
- about 70% recover
- about 10% remain chronically fully symptomatic
- Early intervention linked with improved outcomes
- Comorbid depression and substance abuse related to poorer prognosis
15
Q
Binge Eating Disorder
A
- Recurrent binge eating episodes
- Binge episodes are associated with 3 or more: eating more rapidly, eating until uncomfortably full, eating large amounts when not physically hungry, eating alone due to embarrassment, feeling disgusted or guilty after eating
- Distress
- Occurs at least 1/week for 3 months
