Feeding and Eating Disorders

Question 1

what are the 3 criteria for anorexia?

Answer 1

1- restriction of intake leading to significantly low body weight
2- an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat
3- distorted perception of their body

Question 2

what are the 2 types of anorexia?

Answer 2

restricting type: controlled, starvation, strict rules to follow
binge-eating/purging type: starvation leads to binging leads to purging your body (looping)

Question 3

what the typical profile of an anorexia person? (9)

Answer 3

very compliant as a child, personality traits (introverted, perfectionist attitude, low self-esteem), dieting early, misconceptions about food/metabolism, conflict at family meals, hide dieting, overexercises, thoughts of food, afraid to stop dieting

Question 4

what are the physical consequences of anorexia? (9)

Answer 4

amenorrhea, changes in hair/skin, muscular weakness, heart problems, hypotension, gastrointestinal problems, anemia, bone deterioration, death (worst case scenario)

Question 5

what are the criteria for bulimia? (5)

Answer 5

1- eats in binges
2- recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviours
3- at least once a week for 3 months
4- self evaluation influenced by shape and weight
5- does not meet the criteria for anorexia

Question 6

what are the two types of bulimia?

Answer 6

purging type: vomiting, laxative use, diuretics
non purging type: fasting, excessive exercise

Question 7

what are the criteria for binge-eating disorder?

Answer 7

1- recurrent episodes of binge eating
2- causes distress
3- occurs at least once a week for 3 months
4- does not meet criteria for bulimia and anorexia

Question 8

what are behaviours associated with binge eating? (5)

Answer 8

frequency and duration, loss of control, foods consumed, speed of eating, secretiveness

Question 9

what are triggers to binge eating? (4)

Answer 9

negative emotions, feeling fat, breaking a dietary rule, unstructured time and alone

Question 10

physical effects of binging (3)

Answer 10

breathlessness, convulsions, gastric ruptures (rare)

Question 11

what are effects of dieting? (5)

Answer 11

preoccupation with food and eating, irritability/poor concentration, decreased self-esteem, possible changes in metabolism, gallstones

Question 12

what are physical effects of vomiting? (5)

Answer 12

damage to teeth, damage to throat, damage to the hands, damage to the esophagus, hiatal hernia

Question 13

what are physical effects of laxative abuse? (3)

Answer 13

constipation, dehydration, potassium deficiency

Question 14

what are physical effects of diuretics abuse? (5)

Answer 14

• dehydration
• headaches
• nausea
• dizziness
• potassium deficiency

Question 15

what are psychological effects of eating disorders? (5)

Answer 15

• depressed and demoralized
• ashamed of their lack of willpower
• guilty about their secrecy
• highly self-critical
• suicidal and self-injury

Question 16

what are sociocultural causes of eating disorders? (3)

Answer 16

peer and media influences, environmental pressures (athletes, dancers), family influences

Question 17

what are cognitive perspective causes? (3)

Answer 17

overevaluation of appearance
all or nothing thinking
impulsivity

Question 18

what are the treatments for eating disorders? (7)

Answer 18

• antidepressants (for bulimia only)
• increase body weight (for anorexia)
• psychoeducation (knowledge on their body and food)
• family therapy
• nutritional management (healthy and “scheduled” meals)
• cognitive therapy (change thought patterns)
• behaviour therapy (if they have less control ==> reduce opportunities for binging/purging + identify triggers