Feedback loops, levels of organization, body systems Flashcards
homeostasis
using negative feedback to maintain a stable internal environment; always bringing variables back to the “set point”.
organ system
a group of organs that work together to perform a common function
tissue
a group of cells that work together to perform a common function
An interaction of systems allows for the body to warm itself when it is cold. Which processes help the body warm up when it is cold? Check all that apply.
1. shivering
2. sweating
3. hair on body laying flat
4. goosebumps forming
5. hair on body standing up
shivering
goosebumps forming
hair on body standing up
Which is a group of tissues that work together to carry out a common function?
cell
organ
organelle
organ system
organ
Which levels need to be kept at homeostasis for cells to function? Check all that apply.
blood sugar
lipid intake
body water
body temperature
melanin levels
body temperature
blood sugar
body water
What is the function of the respiratory system?
They deliver oxygen to the blood.
Which is an example of how the body maintains homeostasis?
by increasing thirst when cells are low on water
by decreasing thirst when cells are low on water
by shivering when it is hot
by sweating when it is cold
by increasing thirst when cells are low on water
Which is an organ of the endocrine system?
- heart
- circulatory system
- pancreas
- muscle tissue
pancreas
Which shows three human body parts in order from the simplest level of organization to the most complex?
red blood cell → nervous system → bone tissue
nervous system → bone tissue → red blood cell
neuron-> nervous tissue->brain
bone tissue → red blood cell → nervous system
neuron–>nervous tissue–>brain
A _______ is a group of cells that have the same function.
tissue
Biosphere
The entire earth, living and non-living things, atmosphere, soil, oceans etc.
biome
A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms
ecosystem
A community of organisms and their abiotic (non-living) environment
population
A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area
organism
Any living thing
molecule
A group of atoms bonded together
atom
the basic unit of a chemical element.
ADH
a hormone that helps your kidneys manage the amount of water in your body
glucose
blood sugar/energy for cells. Comes from food.
glucagon
A hormone secreted by the pancreas that causes the liver to release glucose back into the blood. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels.
insulin
hormone released by pancreas that causes liver and muscle cells to take sugar out of the blood. Blood sugar levels then decrease.
positive feedback loops
a feedback loop in which change in a system is amplified; system does NOT move back to set point
negative feedback loop
A feedback loop that causes a system to change in the opposite direction from which it is moving; moves back to set point
PTH
hormone that increases blood calcium levels by triggering osteoclasts to break down bone
osteoclasts
cells that breakdown bone to release calcium back into blood
calcitonin
decreases blood calcium levels by causing calcium to be deposited in the bones
endotherm
An animal whose body controls and regulates its temperature by controlling the internal heat it produces
thermoregulation
the process by which animals maintain an internal temperature within a tolerable range
Cells of the pancreas (endocrine system)
islets of langerhans
Cells of the nervous system
nuerons
Organ of the urinary system
Bladder
What two organs are made up of smooth muscle tissue?
bladder and stomach
Function of the nervous system
receives sensory information and coordinates the body’s response using brain, spinal chord and nerves
Epithelial Tissue
A bunch of epithelial lung cells together doing the same job
