Cell Division Flashcards
Prokaryotes
Small, simple, ancient, single-celled organisms
Eukaryotes
Large complex cells with a nucleus
Organelles
Mini cell “organs” that have a job.
Cell Membrane
Thin flexible barrier surrounding all cells.
Cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance inside all cells that organelles are floating in.
Ribosomes
Small structures that make proteins.
DNA
Gives cells instructions on how to reproduce, do their jobs, grow, etc.
Nucleus
Surrounds DNA and keeps it safe. DNA can never leave the nucleus.
Nuclear Envelope
Surrounds nucleus, covered in nuclear pores.
Nuclear pores
Openings in the Nuclear envelope that allow some items to move out of the nucleus.
Nucleolus
Location of ribsome production
Rough ER
Organelles that is attached to the surface of the nucleus. Covered in ribosomes. Take sin proteins after they’re made and modifies them.
Smooth ER
Creates lipids. Is attached to rough ER but is not covered in ribosomes.
Vesicles
membran bound sacs that mvoe items around the cell. Proteins are moved from the Rough ER to the Golgi Apparatus via vesicles.
Golgi Apparatus
organelle that accepts vesicles full of proteins and edits, sorts, and packages the proteins and then sends them to their final destination.
Lysosome
Contains digestive enzymes that are used to break down old organelles or food biomolecules.
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell. Turns the glucose you eat into ATP.
ATP
Energy source that powers the cell.
