Feedback Flashcards
What is feedback
The information that is available to a performer during/after performance. Purpose to alter/correct future performances.
What does feedback do
Motivates
Reinforce
Informs
Intrinsic Feedback
Comes from within + recurved from sense organs (proprioceptors)
Provides a sense of where your body is
3 types- kinaesthetic, equilibrium and touch
Success of this is relevant to level of experience/ stage of learning.
Extrinsic feedback
From outside source
Performer gains info on what they need to improve/maintain.
Tangible (stats and figures) or non tangible (advice and motivation)
Types of feedback (6)
Knowledge of results Knowledge of performance Positive feedback Negative feedback Terminal feedback Concurrent feedback
Knowledge of results
Info about end result. Whether or not skill was successful. Form of terminal feedback. Tangible facts.
Knowledge of performance
Analysis of the action. How well response is performed not end result. Concerned with how to improve. Intrinsic or extrinsic. Non tangible.
Positive feedback
Reinforced skill learning and gives info on successful performance so that will be repeated. Tells performer what is going well and offers motivation to maintain effort.
Negative feedback
Info about an unsuccessful action to change it to be more successful later. The more experience the player is the more negative feedback can be appreciated. Clarity on what needs to improve. Extrinsic.
Terminal feedback
After the performance. After some time = delayed
Straight away= immediate
Concurrent feedback
Feedback given during performance. Intrinsic or extrinsic.
Principles of effective feedback
1) positive-constructive and informative - should motivate and off info on how to improve. Must acknowledge effort.
2) specific and consistent - clear info
3) immediate - timing is vital
4) frequently - little and often - not to overload learner
5) accurate - correct and sincere.
Feedback at different stages of learning
Cognitive- extrinsic fb (KOR) . Simple info.
Associative- fb extrinsic to intrinsic. KOP.
Autonomous - intrinsic fb (kinaesthetic). Specific info.
