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AP GOVERNMENT TERMS > Federalism Terms > Flashcards

Federalism Terms Flashcards

Federalism Terms

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1
Q

Federalism

A

A form of governing that implies that the power is equal between the states and federal government

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2
Q

Unitary Government

A

A system of government in which most or all of the power is given to the national government

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3
Q

Confederal Government

A

A system of government in which the states have more power than the national government

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4
Q

Federal Government

A

A system of government in which the federal government and state governments have equal power; federalism

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5
Q

Dual Federalism

A

A type of federalism in which the national and state government have separate and distinct powers

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6
Q

Cooperative Federalism

A

A type of federalism in which the powers of the national government and the state government overlap

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7
Q

Expressed/ Enumerated Powers

A

the powers literally listed in the constitution

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8
Q

Implied Powers

A

powers that are not listed in the constitution but are still acted upon in order to fulfill the listed powers

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9
Q

Commerce Clause

A

Gives Congress the power to manage trade relationships between national and international governments

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10
Q

Commerce

A

the production, buying, selling, renting and
transporting of goods

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11
Q

Congress’s Power to Tax and Spend

A

allows Congress the ability to
make laws in policy areas that the national government doesn’t have the explicit power to do (education, agriculture, etc.)

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12
Q

Federal Mandates

A

a requirement states must meet in order to
get federal funds

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13
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

Dictates that if the state laws and federal laws conflict, it is required to follow the federal law

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14
Q

War Power

A

Any power that the national government has in reference to war

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15
Q

Reserved Powers

A

Dictates all remaining government powers to the states as long as they were not given to the federal government or denied to the states by the Constitution; stated in the 10th Amendment

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16
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

powers possessed by both the national and state governments

17
Q

What are things that the states are not allowed to do?

A
  • Make treaties with foreign countries
  • Coin money
  • Tax imports or exports
  • Engage in war
18
Q

Full Faith and Credit Clause

A

dictates that each state must respect the validity of other public acts and records

19
Q

Privilege and Immunities Clause

A

dictates that each state must grant the citizens of every other state the same rights as their own citizens

20
Q

Interstate Compacts

A

an agreement among two or more states; requires approval from congress

21
Q

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

A

Established that the state governments could not tax the federal government

22
Q

Centralist View

A

favors using the national government to solve policy issues

23
Q

Decentralist View

A

favors leaving policy issues to the state government as opposed to the central government

24
Q

Devolution

A

the returning of responsibility and power downward; from the federal to the state governments; from the state government to the local governments

25
Q

What are the purposes of National Grants?

A
  • To provide the state and local governments with revenue
  • Establish a national standard; highways and clean air
  • Equalize resources among the states
  • Attack national problems but minimize the growth of national agencies
26
Q

Categorical Grant

A

a grant given for specific purposes/ organization

27
Q

Block Grant

A

grants given for more general purposes

28
Q

Formula Grants

A

grants which are distributes based on some type of formula

29
Q

Project Grants

A

grants given for specific activities; scientific research or homeland security

30
Q

Unfunded mandate

A

requirements given to the states and local governments from the federal government without financial assistance

31
Q

Extradition

A

Requires that if a person commits a crime in one state, it is necessary to transport them back to the state where the crime was committed

32
Q

U.S. v. Lopez

A

This case established limits on Congress’s Commerce Clause

33
Q

What are the advantages of federalism?

A
  • Prevent tyranny
  • Unity without uniformity
  • Encourages experimentation within the states
  • Trains future national leaders
34
Q

What are the disadvantages of federalism?

A
  • Difficulty holding leaders accountable
  • The lack of uniformity often leads to conflict
  • Difficulty responding to national crises

AP GOVERNMENT TERMS (7 decks)

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