Federalism Flashcards
Federalism/Federal System
a system where power is divided between the national gov and the states.
Unitary System
a system where the central gov has all the power over the subnational gov
Confederate System
a system where the subnational gov have the most power
Enumerated/Expressed Powers
powers explicitly granted to the national gov through the constitution (aka also expressed powers)
Exclusive Powers
powers only the national gov may exercise
Implied Powers
authority of the national gov that goes beyond expressed powers; powers not granted specifically to the national gov but considered necessary to carry out the enumerated powers
Commerce Clause
grants congress the authority to regulate interstate business + commercial activity
Necessary and Proper Clause (elastic clause)
language in article 1 section 8 granting congress the powers nescessary to carry out it’s enumerated powers
Supremacy Clause
constitutional provision declaring that the constitutional + all national laws + treaties are the supreme law of the land .
Tenth Amendment
reserves powers not delegated to the national gov to the states and the people: the basis of federalism
Reserved Powers
powers not given to the national gov, which are retained by the states + people
Concurrent Powers
powers granted to both states and federal gov in the constitution
Privileges and Immunities Clause
prevents states from discrimanting against people from out of state
Full Faith and Credit Clause
constitutional clause requiring states to recognize the public acts, records, civil courts proceedings from another state.
Extradition
the requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another states where the crimes were committed
Thirteenth Amendment
constitutional amendement that outlaws slavery
Fourteenth Amendment
Constitutional amendment asserting that persons born in the U.S are citizens and prohibits states from denying persons due process or equal protection under law
Fifteenth Amendment
consitutional amendment that gave African American the right to vote
Dual Federalism
a form of American federalism in which states and the national gov operate independently in their own areas of public policy.
Selective Incorporation
the process through which the Supreme Court applies fundamental rights to the Bill of Rights to the states on a case by case basis
Cooperative Federalism
a form of American federalism in which the states and national gov work together to shape public policy
Grants-In-Aid
federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives
Fiscal Federalism
the federal gov use of grants in aid to influence politices in the states
Categorical Grants
grants in aid provided to the states with specific provisions on their use
