Feb 2 Quiz Flashcards
Why is inbreeding potentially dangerous in human populations?
It concentrates recessive genes.
A DNA nucleotide is composed of a
base, sugar and phosphate
RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome is
tRNA
Which of the following involves the copying of DNA to RNA?
Transcription
Proper order of protein synthesis
Transcription, translation, peptide bonds, visit the Golgi apparatus
Process of copying DNA
replication
DNA ligase
makes and inserted Gene stick to the plasmid vehicle.
Forms the phosphodiester bond between the unattached nucleotides
mt DNA..
DNA that is kept in the mitochondria
Insertion Mutation
extra base pairs inserted in new place
CTGG AD
/\
TGG
CTGGTGGAD
Insertion mutation
CTGGAG
❌
CT AG
Deletion Mutation
THE FAT CAR SAT
HEF ATC ATS AT
Frame-shift mutation
Frameshift Mutation
loose a letter then something shifts
THE DOG BIT THE CAT…
THE DOG BIT THE CAR..
Point mutation
Patau Syndrome
Female with extra #13
47,XX, +13
Result in serious eye, brain, and circulatory defects, harelip, cleft palate
Edwards Syndrome
Male with extra #18
47,XY, +18
Severe mental and growth retardation, abnormalities in the heart and other organs, and malformed features that include a small chin, lower ears, cleft palate, and a web neck, flex limbs that have deformed hands and feet
Down Syndrome
Female with extra #21
47, XX, +21
Turner Syndrome
Female with only one X on #23
45, XO
Klinefelter syndrome
Male with extra X on #23
47, XXY
Cri du Chat Syndrome
Male missing top part of #5
46, XY, 5p-
Triploid Syndrome
Three sets of chromosomes or mosaic
69 or mosiac (some have 46 others have 69)
Father of genetics
Gregor Mendel
Intermediate Inheritance
Mixing or averaging traits of parents. Not blending.
Epistatic Genes (Epitasy)
Genes that control genes that are located in other places.
Pleiotrophy
Simultaneously affects two or more traits.
Polygenic traits
The additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotypic characteristic
Organisms that contain genes from other organisms are called
transgenic
The function of gel electrophoresis is to
separate DNA fragments
A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is known as
Recombinant DNA
Helicase
Unzips DNA and exposed its bases
Single strand binding proteins (SSBs)
Keep DNA from reforming its double helix
DNA polymerase
Attaches free bases to exposed bases.
5’ to 3’ direction
What bond are nucleotides joined by
Phoshodiester Bonds
The bases of DNA form in the middle with
weak hydrogen bonds
Area where DNA separates
replication fork
DNA primers made my enzyme
RNA primase
DNA polymerase 3
Builds DNA from 5’ to 3’.
DNA polymerase 1
Removes the primers and inserts DNA into the gaps. Also repairs DNA
