Feb 13, 15, 17/ 23 Lecture

Question 1

Omo 1, found in Ethiopia represents the oldest what

Answer 1

Anatomically modern human

Question 2

Herto, found in Ethiopia 160,000 years ago represents what

Answer 2

Anatomically modern human

Question 3

What was found in Border Cave, South Africa that was 70,000 - 80,000 years old

Answer 3

Parts of anatomically modern human skull

Question 4

What symbolic/ decorative ornamentation/ artwork object was recovered in Blombos Cave, South Africa

Answer 4

70,000 year old ocre made by anatomically modern humans, earliest example of pattern

Question 5

What was found in Misliya cave, Israel that had characteristics of anatomically modern humans

Answer 5

Upper jaw bone, 177,000 to 194,000 years old

Question 6

Cro-Magnon 1 had what on the frontal bone

Answer 6

Circular lesion= genetic condition called neurofibromatosis type 1

Question 7

When did anatomically modern humans leave Africa

Answer 7

Around 180,000 years ago

Question 8

What 2 new tool technologies emerged in the Upper Paleolithic

Answer 8

Indirect percussion (aka the punch blade technique), pressure flaking

Question 9

Reminder- what kind of tools did homo habilis make

Answer 9

Oldowan tools

Question 10

Reminder- what kind of tools did homo erectus make

Answer 10

Aschulian hand axes

Question 11

Reminder- what kind of tools did Neanderthals make

Answer 11

Mousterian flake tools

Question 12

How many feet of cutting edge did Homo sapiens sapiens Upper Paleolithic blade produce

Answer 12

30 feet

Question 13

Upper paleolithic tools- what was the end scraper used for

Answer 13

Scraping flesh off hide

Question 14

Upper Paleolithic tools- what was the burin used for

Answer 14

Flake that was modified to have a sharp tip, used for carving wood, antler, punch holes in hide (all purpose tools)

Question 15

Upper Paleolithic tools- what was the atlatl used for

Answer 15

Spear throwing for greater force and distance

Question 16

40,000- 10,000 years ago Upper Paleolithic tools changed, what are the names of the 4 common phases and what is each phase characterized by

Answer 16

Aurignacian, gravettian, solutrean, magdalenian, each characterized by a typical tool kit

Question 17

Upper Paleolithic tools- aurignacian tool kit is characterized by what type of tools

Answer 17

Long, narrow flakes called blades and scrapers

Question 18

Upper Paleolithic tools- gravettian tool kit is characterized by what type of tools

Answer 18

Gravettian points, tanged points

Question 19

Upper Paleolithic tools- solutrean tools were characterized by what type of tools

Answer 19

Incredibly well made stone points called laurel leaf blades, 13in long, 1/4in thick

Question 20

Upper Paleolithic tools- magdalenian tools were characterized by what type of tools

Answer 20

Bone and antler, harpoons, atlatl

Question 21

What has been discovered that led people to believe that anatomically modern humans wore tailored clothes

Answer 21

Bone needles

Question 22

The upper Paleolithic was a period of……

Answer 22

Technological expansion, creativity and sophistication in technology

Question 23

Reminder- what are 2 examples of personal ornamentation used by Neanderthals

Answer 23

Perforated shells, modified eagle talons

Question 24

What are the most common category of mobiliary art in the upper Paleolithic

Answer 24

Venus figurines= figurines that represent human female form

Question 25

El Castillo Cave, Spain- how old was the art discovered here and how was the age determined

Answer 25

40,800 years old= one of the earliest cave painting sites, used uranium- thorium dating

Question 26

Upper Paleolithic art- What was discovered in Chaucer Cave, France

Answer 26

Hundreds of images including hand stencils and animals like carnivores

Question 27

Anatomically modern humans that share the same physical characteristics as us appear in Africa by at least ________ years ago

Answer 27

200,000 years ago

Question 28

How many images were found in Lascaux, France, and what were they images of

Answer 28

2,000 images of bulls, horses and deer

Question 29

Artwork from Lascaux, France indicates what 2 styles were used to create art

Answer 29

Drawn like a crayon, spray paint (blown out of tube, chewed in mouth then blown out of hand)

Question 30

What can lead to damaging cave paintings

Answer 30

You going into a cave and bringing microorganisms, breathing, increasing temp, humidity and carbondioxide levels, growing bacteria

Question 31

What 17,000 year old object was recovered from Lascaux, France

Answer 31

Oil lamp= carved sandstone, burned deer fat, moss, juniper

Question 32

Altamira, Spain, is known for being ……

Answer 32

The first upper Paleolithic site to be excavated in 1879

Question 33

Reminder- What are the most important methods for dating cave painting sites

Answer 33

Uranium-thorium dating (dates calcium carbonate over images)
Ams radiocarbon dating (paintings contain organic materials)

Question 34

Upper Paleolithic art- how old was that from Sulawesi, Indonesia and what was the art of

Answer 34

One of the earliest cave painting sites at least 40,000 years ago, art of hand stencils and animal figures

Question 35

Venus figurines were discovered where and when

Answer 35

Sites ranging from Europe to Siberia as early as 35,000 years ago

Question 36

What type of art is the Venus figurine

Answer 36

Mobiliary art

Question 37

Where was the oldest depiction of a human figurine found and when (Venus figurine)

Answer 37

Hohle Fels, Germany, 35,000 years old

Question 38

How old is the Venus of Willendorf, Austria, and what was is made of

Answer 38

25,000 years old, made of limestone

Question 39

What was significant about the Venus from Dolni Vestonice, Czech Republic

Answer 39

26,000 years old, made from fired clay= upper Paleolithic technologies includes ceramics

Question 40

Venus of Brassempouy, France, was well known because of what

Answer 40

It is the earliest depiction of a human face