FDST 3000 Final Exam Study Set Flashcards
Includes so far: Tests
Refined wheat, for the purposes of making enriched flour, has been milled in order to remove the germ and endosperm, leaving only the bran behind.
False
Regional FDA offices are responsible for warning letters to food companies.
True
Regardless of their type - be it saturated fats, trans fats, or polyunsaturated fats - they have all have the same number of calories per gram.
True
Protein is made up of many fatty acids linked together
False
Branched chain amino acids are thought to be important for muscle recovery
True
There is some uncertainty in the world as to the true number of calories of energy provided by dietary fiber in human nutrition
True
Based on US food consumption as a % of calories, we consume roughly 63% processed food containing added fats , oils, sugars, and refined grains.
True
Food allergens are complex carbohydrates that are not completely broken down by the digestive tract, which then cross the gastrointestinal lining to enter the bloodstream.
False
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was passed after more than 8,000,000 children died from ingesting the drug “Elixir Sulfanilamide”
False
DRIs are a set of reference values for energy and nutrients that can be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy populations.
True
In 2022, the US consumer spent ~$2.4 trillion annually on food
True
Georgia produces more than 90% of all peanuts harvested in the US each year.
False
Lacto-ovo vegetarians do not eat animal-origin products, except for dairy and eggs.
True
Watercress, romaine lettuce, and pungent yellow onions all rank as part of the top 5 vegetables grown in GA.
False
Olestra is a designer fat, developed by Frito Lay, used in the manufacture of calorie-reducing fried products, like potato chips.
True
In the US, the most consumed vegetables on a per capita basis are potatoes and tomatoes.
True
The sandy loam soil of GA is very favorable for peach production.
True
Jimmy Carter signed the US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act into law in 1938.
False
Unlike ~50 years ago, there is a very big concern these days pertaining to post-harvest bacterial contamination of fresh fruits and vegetables.
True
On a per gram basis, alcohol provides more calories than carbohydrates do.
True
Proteins can lose their functionality by denaturation. Yet, denaturation will not damage a protein’s primary structure.
True
Statistics show that the incidence of the obesity epidemic in the US has significantly slowed down over the past 5 years.
False
There are only three indispensable amino acids for human nutrition
False
The Meat Inspection Act of 1906 requires mandatory inspection of livestock before it’s slaughtered.
True
A healthy adult should consume 60 g of protein per kg body weight per day.
False
The official state crop of GA is the watermelon.
False
“ULs” are intended to provide a recommended daily level of nutrient intake.
False
A proximate composition of food measures the water, protein, lipid, and ash contents, and then determines the carbohydrate content by difference from 100.
True
Upton Sinclair wrote a book discussing the shocking unsanitary conditions of the US vegetable industry.
False
Enzymes, which speed up biomedical reactions, are proteins.
True
Smithfield Foods Co. is best known for their beef products.
False
The groundnut is another name for
Peanuts
How many states in the nation rank higher than GA in the dollar amount of state GDP derived from the food product sector?
3
Wilbur O. Atwater is noted for
Developing calorie contents/g for the macronutrients (protein, carbs, fat)
GA’s 2 biggest row crops are
Peanuts and Cotton
Which is not considered a nutrient, because we don’t have a good understanding of how much of it we should consume for optimal health.
Bioactive
In the nation, GA ranks first in the production of
Broilers, Pecans, and Peanuts
(EAR + 2 x SD[EAR] ) , where SD is the standard deviation, equals what?
RDA
To “enrich white flour” we
Add back only some of the nutrients removed during processing, generally at higher levels than were originally present
Pecans are rich in
Zinc, Vitamin E, Vitamin B1, and Fiber
From the following list, which vegetable creates the highest economic impact for the state of GA?
Vidalia Onions
Which of the following may increase the gram content of a food, but will not be quantified on a typical nutrition label?
Water
Which of the following are defined as major food allergens by the FDA?
Tree nuts, soy, and wheat
Which of the following most accurately depicts the expected relative magnitudes of quantities associated with there parameters?
EAR < RDA < UL
Amino Acids contain
A carboxyl group, an amino acid group, a dispensable group, and an indispensable group
Which of the following does not contain any callories?
Multivitamin
As of what year was the amount of trans-fat in a food product mandated to be listed on food labels?
2012
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, governed by the FDA, prohibits which of the following?
Interstate commerce of harmful foods, unsanitary slaughterhouses and meat processing plants, and false or misleading labeling of food
What is liberated/released when a peptide bond forms between 2 amino acids
Water
The water-binding capacity of proteins is an important functional property of protein quality. Proteins can be classified as water-soluble, insoluble, or _______________.
salt-soluble
When 2 or more food proteins whose amino acid assortments help each other in such a way that the indispensable amino acids limited in or missing form each are supplied by the others, these are known as ______________.
Clean Label
Food - Anything which when absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract (GI Tract) is capable of providing a source of energy, providing ________________, and supplying regulators for metabolic reactions.
Materials for Growth
The FDA’s primary job is to enforce what?
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
When a company tampers with the standard identity of a food product and adds cheaper ingredients to it in order to make a larger profit, this is an example of what?
Food adulteration
The indispensable amino acid in shortest supply in a food protein is known as what?
Limiting/Limited Amino Acid
Freestone, semi-free, and Clingstone are categories of which GA commodity?
Peaches
Sweet’N’Low contains saccharine, which is an example of what?
Non-calorie Sweetener
Oils from 100% plant sources, unlike those of animal origin, do not contain any of this sterol, ________________ ; which is listed on the nutrition facts panel of every food product, and is associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Cholesterol
Physical methods, such as mechanical action and temperature changes, and chemical methods, such as an excess of salt addition of pH changes, will cause ______________ to proteins.
Denaturation
More than 50% of the US peanut crop for domestic consumption is process by industry into this one particular food item: _________________.
Peanut Butter
Upton Sinclair wrote a book which had a major impact on the US meat-packaging industry. What was this book called?
The Jungle
GA earned its title “______________” during the 3 decades following the US Civil War. GA is no longer the #1 in this commodity.
Peach State
What is the estimate of the maximum amount of a vitamin or mineral a person can consume before experiencing negative side effects?
Upper Limit (UL)
What is the principle nitrogen excretion product of metabolism that is sent to the kidneys by the liver for excretion?
Urea
In 1990, what was named as GA’s official state vegetable?
Vidalia Onion
This fruit crop brought GA a Farm Gate Vale of roughly $450 million in 2021. What is it?
Blueberries
The obesity epidemic falls under what category? This is one of the major food product trends presently driving “food research and development.”
Health and Wellness
