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VIDEO EDITING > FCPX > Flashcards

FCPX Flashcards

0
Q

Insert Edit

A
  • Primary storyline edit
  • keyboard shortcut “W”
  • Will place clip wherever the playhead is
  • so, will split clips on the storyline if the playhead is located there
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1
Q

How to save a portion of a clip as a new clip

A
  • Select a range and press “f” (favorite)

* click and drag to a keyword selection folder

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2
Q

Snapping keyboard shortcut

A

“N”

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3
Q

Append edit

A

• Keyboard shortcut “E”
• places clip at the end do storyline
•

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4
Q

Overwrite Edit

A
  • Keyboard shortcut “D”
  • Places clip over range already on storyline
  • range can span 1 or more clips
  • 1st select range on s.line & then on clip to be inserted
  • FCPX will count destination range # of frames & put exactly that number of frames from new clip (from the beginning) in its place [like a “replace from beginning” edit]
  • “Shift + D” will do a reverse overwrite & count backwards [like a replace from end” edit]
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5
Q

Replace Edit

A

• No KB shortcut
• only drag & drop, then will give you options
1. simple “replace” = simple swap! regardless of clip lengths
2. “r. from start” just like overwrite edit (same length)
3. “r. From end” opposite: counts backwards from end (same length)

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6
Q

Video & Audio Only Edits

A
  • click on arrow between edit-choice icons & edit-mode cursor
  • remember to put back to “both” when done
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7
Q

Creating a Gap on timeline

A
  • Change edit mode from “Select” (A) to “Position” (P)
  • move a clip on storyline and “gap clip” is created
  • Warning! Quickly press A to return to select mode
  • if not, moving clips will overwrite other clips
  • can replace a clip w/ a gap by “Shift + Delete”
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9
Q

Nudging

A
  • ”,” = 1 frame left
  • ”.” = 1 frame right
  • “Shift + ,” = 10 frames left
  • “Shift + .” = 10 frames right
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10
Q

Ripple Edit

A
  • Trimming method that manipulates 1 side of the edit at a time
  • Uses the clips’ “handles”
  • Select A (left) or B (right) side of edit point and either…
  • click & grab OR nudge
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11
Q

Play Around Command

A
  • “Shift = ?”
  • loops an area a certain number of frames before & after playhead position
  • Set in preferences, playback, “Pre-roll & post-roll duration”
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12
Q

Trimming Trick

A

Hide edits by making them as invisible as possible throughout artful trimming (matching motion on A & B sides, etc.)

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13
Q

Roll Edit

A
  • Trimming method that manipulates both sides of the edit at a time
  • Adds & subtracts
  • Use “Trim” (KB shortcut “T”)
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14
Q

L Cut / Split Edit / J Cut

A

Roll Edit where you…
• 1st select 2 clips, then expand audio video (right click on clip)
• Perform Roll edit on either audio or video
• Can nudge, as in other edits
• When done, select expanded clips, right click, then “collapse”

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15
Q

Slip edit

A
  • Changing a shot’s content, but not its position or duration
  • Stays parked on timeline, but changes shown portion of original clip
  • Done in Trim Mode (KB “T”)
  • Then click & drag on clip
  • Can nudge as in other edits
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16
Q

Slide edit

A
  • Changing a shot’s position between to adjacent shots
  • not its content or duration
  • Done in Trim Mode (KB “T”)
  • Then OPTION click & drag
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17
Q

Trimming Methods

A

Manipulating transitions between shots/clips

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18
Q

Precision Editor

A
  • KB: Ctrl + E
  • For clips without large handles
  • You can see handles of A & B side while you edit
  • Use slider in middle for roll edits
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19
Q

Connected Clips

A
  • Connected to a clip on the primary storyline
  • Place playhead to desired spot
  • Press “Q” or edit icon between keyword & insert icons
  • anchored and moves w/ primary when primary is moved
  • Can move it independently by grab & drag
  • Can also use for audio
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20
Q

Connect Clip Edit Limitations & Solution

A
  • Because of anchor points
  • Can’t move like in the primary
  • Rolls & Slides impossible
  • Solution: Convert to a SECONDARY STORYLINE
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21
Q

Secondary Storylines

A
  • Restores full editing functionality
  • 1st need to be sure they’re in the order you want
  • select all of the clips and then press “Command + G” (or right click & select “Create storyline”
  • Black bar appears above connected clips
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22
Q

Audio Editing 1

A
  • Open audio meters
  • Audio should be between -12 & -6
  • solo clip(s) by clicking on headphone icon or “OPT + S”
  • audio tab in inspector
  • “Volume & Pan”
  • Use slider while playing loop “/” for short clip or “Shift + /” for longer clips
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23
Q

Soloing

A
  • solo clip(s) by clicking on headphone icon or “OPT + S”
  • when editing audio, solo material you’re adjusting to exclude other audio that you’re not working on at the moment, e.g., music when editing dialogue & vice versa
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24
Q

Automatic Audio Repair

A
  • “Analyze & Fix Audio Problems” on Import
  • Can do this afterward in clip viewer
  • In inspector issues will be flagged
  • just click checkbox (will turn blue) and problem is fixed
  • However, you still have to manually analyze all audio b4 exporting
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25
Q

Recording Scratch Audio

A
  • Place playhead where you want audio to start
  • If at the end of sequence, turn off “Loop Playback” in “View” OR (Cmd + L)
  • Record Voiceover in “Window” OR “Opt + Cmd + 8”
  • Click on “Advanced” for more controls
  • Make sure voice peaks at normal ranges (-12 to -6)
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26
Q

Audio Equalization

A
  • Reduce unwanted frequencies & enhance wanted frequencies
  • Inspector > Audio > Audio Enhancements > Equalization
  • “Voice Enhance” etc.
  • Click on Eq. panel icon to see Graphic Equalizer
  • 10 bands OR 31 bands
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27
Q

Audio Workflow

A
  1. Apply automatic corrections
  2. Individually analyze each clip
  3. Loop a section
  4. Try different enhancement options
  5. Fine tune best option in the equalizer
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28
Q

Syncing audio

A
  • getting best audio track when there’s more than one to choose from
  • Make a keyword collection called “audio sync”
  • In clip viewer, select both clips, right click, and select “synchronize clips” OR “Opt + Cmd + G”
  • Can see both in “Channel configuration”
  • Can either silence bad audio OR take it out by separating out & detaching bad audio
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29
Q

Nesting Clips

A
  • Condense # of visible elements
  • Select, right-click, “New Compound Clip” OR “Opt + G”
  • Will save to event (you choose from automatic menu) to be used
  • double click on CC to edit within it
  • You can also break apart later
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30
Q

Top & Tail Editing

A
  • Slices Clip to playhead
  • Top: “Opt + [” (A Side of PH)
  • Tail: “Opt + ]” (B Side of PH)
  • Can do this in real time while clip is playing
  • Can do a gap version by doing in position mode “P” where a gap clip is left in deleted area.
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31
Q

Auditioning Clips

A
  • drag & drop new clip as w/ a “replace” edit, but choose “add to audition”
  • Click on spotlight icon to try both ways.
  • “Duplicate” to try w/ different effects
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32
Q

Markers

A
  • digital post-it note
  • park playhead & press “m”
  • press “m” again to add note
  • Can press “Opt + M” to consolidate above steps
  • double click marker to open
  • to move from marker to marker: “Ctrl + ;” to move right, “Ctrl + ‘ “ to move left
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33
Q

Marker To-Do List

A
  • middle box adds to a running to-do list (turns red)
  • Click on Timeline Index, then tags, then to-do list icon to see
  • Completed list as well
  • Can click to move from “to-do” to “done” within lists
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34
Q

Keyboard Shortcut Modifiers

A
  • “Final Cut Pro” > “Commands” > “Customize”
  • “Duplicate”
  • Modify & then save to dropbox or cloud location
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35
Q

Multicam Editing

A

• Make keyword collection “multi cam”
• audio must be recorded on each clip in order to sync the fastest and most easily
• Can use “Angle Synchronization” for other methods
•

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36
Q

Multicam Editing by Audio

A
  • Select clips > Right Click > New Multicam Clip”
  • In dialogue box ✔️ “Automatic” and “ ✔️ use audio for configuration”
  • FCPX creates a new multicam clip > move to “Multicam” collection > rename clip
  • Verify that clips are, indeed, in sync: Double click on clip to open “Multicam Editor”
  • “Window” > “Viewer Display > “Show Angles” (“Shift +
  • If off, you can nudge clips
  • can also change position
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37
Q

Editing Multicam Shots on Timeline

A
  • Choose whether “video”, “audio”, or “both”

* Change your angles 1st in passing, then in detail

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38
Q

Transform

A

Can use for multiscreen effect on stacked shots

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39
Q

Crop

A

Resizes to full frame… so nearly identical to scaling

40
Q

Still Images

A
  • Change duration in preferences
  • Frame size important
  • “Pillar Boxing” fills in spaces w/ black bars
  • Inspector > Video > “Spatial Conform” you have different choices to how image appears
41
Q

Transitions

A
  • “Cmd + T” for dissolve
  • Ripple edit by grabbing handle
  • Roll edit by clicking in middle
  • Affects audio also, can expand to fine tune
  • Need handle, if lacking can add a freeze frame & compound it to lacking clip
42
Q

Effects

A
  • Apply by drag & drop onto clip OR select clip > double click on effect
  • Can preview by selecting clip > clicking on effect > clicking play (spacebar)
  • double click to apply
  • when more than 1 effect is applied, you can drag in inspector to change order which will change the look
  • Can “mute” or delete within inspector
43
Q

Auditioning Effects

A
  • In audition you can try different combos b4 committing
  • “Clip” > “Audition” > “Duplicate as Audition
  • Can duplicate more times within audition itself
44
Q

Audio Effects

A
  • beneath visual effects in browser

* Same methods as for visual effects

45
Q

Keyframing

A

• Workflow:

  1. Parkplay head at beginning
  2. Set values
  3. Click keyframe in appropriate effects & sub effects
  4. Move playhead to next position
  5. Set new values
  6. FCPX automatically sets new Keyframe
  7. Rinse & Repeat
46
Q

Video Animation in Timeline

A
  • Right Click on clip OR “Ctrl + V”
  • On some effects & values you can add more keyframes within VA view by clicking while holding “Opt”
  • Look for icon in upper right field of the Effect & Value
47
Q

Copying Clip Effects

A
  • Select clip w/ desired effects
  • Cmd + C
  • “Edit” > “Paste Effects” OR just “Opt + Cmd + V”
  • Can do to 1 or more clips
  • Keyframes copied but not proportionally
  • Exact same animation curve
48
Q

Copying Clip Attributes

A
  • Select clip w/ desired effects
  • Cmd + C
  • “Edit” > “Paste Attributes” OR just “Shift + Cmd + V”
  • Can do to 1 or more clips
  • Keyframes can be copied proportionally by choosing “stretch to fit”
49
Q

Titles

A
  • Good to use Title & Action safe zones, accessed by clicking drop arrow in upper-right corner of Viewer
  • “Q” to place title on playhead
  • “Outline” gives punch from background (usually black)
  • “Glow” often not necessary
  • Drop shadow good
  • Can “Save Format Attributes” by clicking on top selection of text
  • “Compositing”… “Stencil Alpha” lets you see through title to back ground.
50
Q

Generators

A
  • Placeholder allows for notes, click to display

* Can use Luma-keyer to use back ground below

51
Q

Themes

A

Themes Browser on far right

52
Q

Freeze Frames

A
  • in timeline, “Opt + F”
  • in retiming menu
  • in clips browser
53
Q

Changing Clip Speed

A
  • Retiming menu (Cmd + R)
  • Also to reverse clip and do instant replay
  • Click & drag on black bars
  • blue = fast, green = normal, red = slow
  • Speed Ramp gives you different speed zones on a clips
  • to be more specific, set a range and retime that
54
Q

Video Quality

A
  • in retiming menu

* better quality = longer rendering times

55
Q

Layered Photos

A
  • psd files
  • “Clip” > “Open in Timeline”
  • can bring in each layer separately and affect in different ways
  • can disable and animate layers
56
Q

Color Correction Questions

A
  1. What part of the image is the brightest and should be white?
  2. First, what part of the image is the darkest and should be black?
  3. How are the brightness and contrast?
  4. How are the colors?
  5. Is there a (dominant) color cast?
  6. How is the saturation level?
57
Q

Color Correction Workflow Part 1: Exposure

A
  1. Open Inspector
  2. Click right arrow in Color Correction 1
  3. Click on Exposure Tab (Top Right)
  4. 4 controls appear “luma values”: Global (uniform), Shadows “Setup”, Midtones “Gamma”, Highlights “Gain”
  5. Open the video scope “Luma Waveform Monitor” (right button over viewer window)
  6. Use controls (shadows & highlights 1st) to get values between 1 and 99.
58
Q

Color Correction Workflow Part 2: Color Balance

A
  1. Click on Color Tab in Inspector
  2. Open video scope “RGB Parade”
  3. Adjust & balance reds, greens & blues
  4. Return to Exposure Tab to refine exposure that has been altered during color balancing
59
Q

Color Correction Workflow Part 3: Saturation

A
  1. Switch to “vector scope” (only measures colors, no luma)
  2. get flesh tones to reside in flesh tone line
  3. Flesh tones should be about 1/3 of the way from the center of the vector toward the edge
  4. Continue tweaking
60
Q

Additional Color Corrections

A
  • Click on “+” sign

* Can toggle corrections on & off w/ blue button to see difference

61
Q

Template Color Corrections

A
  • Effects browser > “Looks”
  • not much control
  • Alternative method
  • Add color correction “+”
  • Go to “Presets” (bottom right)
  • Able to adjust and save these
62
Q

Automatic Color Corrections

A
  • Looks for color cast
  • Check “analyze for balanced color” on import
  • otherwise, can do later by clicking on “balanced”
  • Be sure to correct exposure after
63
Q

Match Color

A

Aligns colors of different clips

  1. In timeline, select clip whose color you want to change
  2. In inspector, under color click “choose”
  3. click clip you want to match to
  4. Click “Apply Match”
  5. You can further manipulate after, but gives good starting place
64
Q

Secondary Color Correction: Color Masks

A

When 1 color of the clip needs to be altered

  1. Add a Color Correction
  2. Click on Color Mask button
  3. Sample the color you want to change
  4. Drag out to include other similar colors in the frame (don’t go too far)
  5. Go to color board and tweak the 3 categories
  6. Next, in bar next to color mask, adjust amount w/ softness slider
  7. Need new color mask for each different colored element
65
Q

Secondary Color Correction: Shape Mask

A

When only 1 area of the clip needs to be changed

  1. Add a Color Correction OR add to an existing correction
  2. Click on Shape Mask
  3. Can adjust inside or outside (to make a vignette, or color vs. b/w, etc.)
66
Q

Importing Settings

A
  1. Copy files into Library
  2. Click Optimized media (Apple Pro Res 422) 60gb per hour (Larry Jordan recommends)
  3. Click Proxy Media - best combination of performance and quality (Same 1/3 the space) - Can convert to optimized later (File > Tanscode Media)
    (Viewer, media, optimized/quality)
  4. Import as Keyword Collections
67
Q

Importing from camera card

A
  1. Plug camera into computer or plug card into card reader
  2. FCPX will detect automatically
  3. Select all clips, individual clips or select parts of a clip to import
  4. Certain impossible import choices grayed out (keywords, etc.)
  5. Analysis, transcoding, color correction will be done and take a while to complete
68
Q

Importing from iMovie

A
  • Initiated from iMovie
  • Select Project > Send to Final Cut Pro
  • Goes straight to timeline
69
Q

Importing from old tape-based camera

A
  • use firewire
  • camera plugged in, on VTR mode
  • can control camera from within FCPX (j,k,l, etc.)
  • Can archive for ingesting whole tape
  • breaks down timecode breaks into different clips
70
Q

FCPX File Management

A
  • “Libraries” contain “Events”
  • “Events” contain Media + “Projects”
  • Usually COPY media into the library, especially
  • Now, rendered files and transcoded media can be stored separately
  • “Library Properties” Section in Inspector
71
Q

Library Properties

A
  • 3 Storage Locations: Media, Cache & Backups
  • “Media” contains Imported Media as well as Transcoded Media (optimized & proxy files
  • “Cache” contains render files, thumbnail images, clip wave forms, analysis files
  • “Backups” contain backups of library databases contain metadata, not media, so not very big
  • By default, everything lives in library by default, but here in inspector you,can change locations, often useful in collaborative environment
72
Q

Changing Library Properties

A
  • Change by Modify Settings
  • Changes only new media brought in
  • Can move existing media with “Consolidate”
  • This is to move everything in a library
  • to move individual projects or events, look under “file” menu to consolidate evens
73
Q

Importing with tags

A
  • You can tag your media in Finder and then import “From Finder Tags” e.g. b-roll, interviews, music, etc.
  • Very useful, highly recommended
74
Q

Deleting Generated Library Files (10.1.2)

A
  • Formerly just delete render files
  • Choose from render files, optimized, and proxy media
  • Can use on a whole library, an event, or a project
75
Q

Organizational Features (10.1.2)

A
  • Select and sort events (right click)
  • within filter menu of a project you can choose “unused” clips
  • can set up smart collections there
  • alternative with Project: “View” > “Show Used Media Ranges” shows used parts of each clip used.
76
Q

Audio Features (10.1.2)

A
  • “Window” > “Record Voiceover
  • Countdown feature
  • Create audition to choose best one
  • Can adjust both relative and absolute volume of a clip (can toggle on dashboard) (“Modify” > “adjust volume”)
  • “relative” keeps keyframes
77
Q

File Management within Library & Clip Browsers

A
  • Clicking & dragging media to different locations automatically COPIES
  • To CUT & paste you must select then go to “File” > “Move”
  • It will give you a drop down list of the libraries to choose from
  • Double check to make sure you move it to correct library!
78
Q

FCPX 10.1 Interface

A
  1. Libraries Pane (Cmd + 1) - File Management area
  2. Viewer (Cmd + 2) for A. Library Clips and B. Timeline
  3. Timeline (Cmd + 3)
79
Q

Creating & Naming

A
  1. Libraries: “File” > “New” > “Library”
  2. Events & Projects: A. Right click to create new OR B. click & drag to copy from existing library
    (Rename by clicking on name)
80
Q

Library & Event Management

A
  1. Give Libraries most succinct, descriptive name
  2. Make Scratch Library for temporary holding spot
  3. Delete Projects from clip viewer
81
Q

Keyword / Folder / Tag Collections

A
  • audio sync
  • color correction
  • graphics
  • music
  • stills
  • B-roll
  • Interviews
  • Narration
  • Multi-cam
82
Q

Keyword Collections

A
  • Import folders as keyword collections
  • Create folders w/ keyword titles
  • Move keyword collections into corresponding folders (can have more than 1 per media) OR simply keep in keyword collection
83
Q

Keyword Creation

A
  1. Press the key icon or cmd + k
  2. to add keyword to other multiple clips, A. select them, and B. press ctrl + 1 or ctrl + 2,3,4 etc… shown in keyword window
  3. can also click and drag clip into a keyword collection in library pane
  4. can also simply label simply portions of clips as keyword (use “i” & “o”, range, etc.. then use cmd + k; this takes just that portion and puts in kwc)
84
Q

Ratings

A

• Click green star icon OR press “f”
(You can just favorite as portion as in kwc referenced above)
• Can reject clips w/ red x OR press “delete” (this does not move to trash)
Again can reject just part as above
• Empty star removes rating
• “All Clips” tab above can be changed to filter for “hide rejected”, “no ratings or keywords”, “favorites” or “rejected”
You can use this to indicate other categories (in your own mind) if you like; e.g., green = primary material, red = supplementary material, etc.

85
Q

Searches

A

Search bar for quick & dirty searches for clip names (Be sure to clear out when done)

Magnifying glass
Defaults to “Text”, but you can click on “+” sign to add other criteria (keywords)
For all criteria: 
"includes"
"does not include"
"is"
"is not"
86
Q

Smart Collections

A
  • Select desire clips & clip portions
  • Click “New Smart Collection”
  • New added clips w/ common meta data are automatically sent to collection! (why it’s preferable to mere keyword collections)
87
Q

Grouping and Sorting

A 
Group/Sort gear
1. Group 
    • has headings
    • ascending or descending
    • ungroup by clicking “none”
2. Sort
    •no heading
88
Q

Sharing/Exporting

A

d

89
Q

Chapter Markers

A
  • Can choose scene to represent each chapter with large orange ball… move to desired frame
  • Be sure to check box to display ch.markers.
90
Q

Compressor 1

A

• Share > Settings > Open with
• Uncompressed 8-bit
• Next
Compressor opens automatically

91
Q

Compressor 2

A
  • ”+ Add Outputs”
  • Search bar
  • “Location” where to export to
  • Inspector where you can change different properties and even add effects
  • Can create custom settings which you can add to final cut
92
Q

Batch Export

A

One project saves to multiple formats

93
Q

Exporting a still

A
  • From a clip or timeline
  • park timeline
  • go to share menu
  • “Share Current Frame”
  • Click “Scale image to preserve aspect ratio”
94
Q

DVD’s

A

Double-layer is better quality than Single
Usually just leave on “Automatic”
• Blue Ray - high definition

95
Q

Roles

A

Categories of Audio & Video
“Modify” > “Assign Roles”
• Can add roles in “Edit Roles”
• Can have subroles w/ 2nd “+” sign

96
Q

Export Stems

A

Let’s you export only elements of project that you want (audio, video, effects, etc.)
Share > Masterfile

VIDEO EDITING (3 decks)

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