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Chemistry Y1 > FC9 Covalent Bonding & Molecular Shape > Flashcards

FC9 Covalent Bonding & Molecular Shape Flashcards

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1
Q

Define covalent bonding

A

The attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

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2
Q

What is a dative covalent bond

A

Where both electrons forming the bond are provided by one atom

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3
Q

What is special about elements in period 3 and above

A

They can have more than 8 electrons in their outer shell

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4
Q

What are polyatomic ions

A

Made up of more than one atom covalently bonded together within the ion

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5
Q

Electron pair repulsion theory

A

Electron pairs around the outer shell of the central atom of a molecule repel each other as far away as possible to reduce mutual repulsion

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6
Q

What shape has a bond angle of 180 degrees

A

Linear

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7
Q

What is the bond angle of linear

A

180 degrees

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8
Q

What shape has a bond angle of 120 degrees

A

Trigonal planar

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9
Q

What is the bond angle of trigonal planar

A

120 degrees

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10
Q

What shape has a bond angle of 109.5 degrees

A

Tetrahedral

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11
Q

What is the bond angle for tetrahedral

A

109.5 degrees

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12
Q

What are the bond angles for trigonal bipyramid

A

90 degrees and 120 degrees

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13
Q

What shape has bond angles of 90 and 120 degrees

A

Trigonal bipyramid

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14
Q

What is the bond angle for octahedral

A

90 degrees

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15
Q

What shape has the bond angle 90 degrees

A

Octahedral

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16
Q

What is the bond angle for pyramidal

A

107 degrees

17
Q

How many regions of electron density and if applied then how many lone pairs does pyramidal have

A

4 regions of which one is a lone pair

18
Q

How many regions of electron density and if applied then how many lone pairs does non linear have

A

4 regions of which two are lone pairs

19
Q

What is the bond angle for non linear

A

104.5 degrees

20
Q

Explain the tetrahedral shape of methane

A

There are 4 areas of electron density around the central C atom, 4 bonded pairs and no lone pairs. The bonds repel each other equally to form a tetrahedral shape and give a bond angle of 109.5 degrees

Chemistry Y1 (24 decks)

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