Fats + Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

What is the greatest storage form of energy?

Answer 1

adipose tissue

Question 2

What characteristic of fats impacts our health?

Answer 2

QUALITY

Question 3

What are some diseases that a fatty diet can cause?

Answer 3

raised blood cholesterol, cardiovascular risks, hypertension

Question 4

What are the two functions of fats?

Answer 4

provide energy and store it, hormones secreted in response to fat regulates appetite

Question 5

What is the dietary and storage form of fat?

Answer 5

triglycerides

Question 6

What makes up triglycerides?

Answer 6

3 fatty acids (tri) and 1 glycerol

Question 7

What type of fats has only singly bonds between the carbon chains?

Answer 7

saturated fats

Question 8

What makes up phospholipids?

Answer 8

glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acids, 1 phosphate group

Question 9

What is the function of phospholipids?

Answer 9

emulsifier and transporter for fat molecules across the cell membrane

Question 10

What are the large fat molecules found in plant and animal food sources?

Answer 10

sterols

Question 11

Which sterol is exclusively found in animals?

Answer 11

cholesterol

Question 12

What essential fatty acid is omega 6, and also called arachadonic acid?

Answer 12

linoleic acid

Question 13

What essential fatty acid is omega 3, and can make fish oils?

Answer 13

linolenic acid

Question 14

What are some functions of essential fatty acids?

Answer 14

helps regulate body functions, structural components for cell membrane

Question 15

How do you get trans fats?

Answer 15

hydrogenation

Question 16

How does hydrogenation work?

Answer 16

hydrogen atoms are added to mono and poly unsaturated fats (more saturated)

Question 17

What type of fat is worst for your diet?

Answer 17

trans fats

Question 18

What are some diseases that trans fats increase the risk of?

Answer 18

cardiovascular disease (coronary artery disease), high LDL cholesterol

Question 19

What is the difference between LDL and HDL?

Answer 19

HDL - cholesterol delivered into the liver for processing; LDL - takes it out liver to store into tissues

Question 20

Where do we find saturated fats?

Answer 20

animal products or tropical oils

Question 21

Is coconut oil bad for you?

Answer 21

no, but not good; increases both LDL and HDL

Question 22

What is polyunsaturated fats good for?

Answer 22

brain health

Question 23

What essential fatty acid can be converted to EPA and DHA?

Answer 23

linoleic acid

Question 24

What type of fat does butter contain?

Answer 24

saturated fat

Question 25

What does the mediterranean diet consist of?

Answer 25

lots of FV and whole grains -> seafood -> poultry, eggs, yogurt -> meats and veg

Question 26

What is the DASH diet?

Answer 26

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

Question 27

What does the DASH diet put emphasis on?

Answer 27

low sodium, legumes over red meat, 30% of calories from unsaturated fat

Question 28

What is the EAR and DRI for sodium?

Answer 28

1500, 2000

Question 29

Where do we find a lot of sodium?

Answer 29

bakery products and mixed dishes

Question 30

High potassium helps our body in what way?

Answer 30

better blood pressure and reduces heart risk

Question 31

What is the recommended amount of potassium?

Answer 31

2600 mg

Question 32

What type of food contains a lot of potassium?

Answer 32

fresh fruits and vegetables