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FBS1- NAM > Fats as fuels > Flashcards

Fats as fuels Flashcards

1
Q

What are fatty acid tails useful for?

A

They can be oxidised- releasing lots of energy

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2
Q

C1

A

Formic acid

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3
Q

C2

A

Acetic acid

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4
Q

C3

A

Propionic acid

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5
Q

C4

A

Butyric acid

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6
Q

C16

A

Palmatic acid

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7
Q

C18

A

Stearic acid

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8
Q

C20

A

Arachidic acid

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9
Q

TRANS FATS

A

Main trans fat is Elaidiac acid —> found in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils

Chemically modified from cis to trans

This changes the reactivity and the membranes

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10
Q

UNSATURATED

A

eg Oleic Acid

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11
Q

SATURATED

A

found in animal fats

NO C=C

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12
Q

Roles of lipids

A

Components of cell membranes- phospholipids and cholesterol

Precursors of hormones

  • cholesterol–> steroid hormones
  • arachidonic acid —> prostaglandins

Long terms fuels —-> ENERGY
1G fat - 38 KJ

– Stored in large fat droplets in fat cells of adipose tissue
The membranes of the fat droplets are stiff as there are forces between the tails

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13
Q

What is the significance of the “kinks”

A

Decrease the stiffness as the fatty acid are brought apart

This results in the membranes being flexible

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14
Q

Describe the breakdown of the stored triglyceride fat- adipose tissue

A

Adrenaline or glucagon activates the breakdown of triaglycerol —> Diaglycerol—> mono glycerol —-> glycerol

fatty acids are cleaved- and travel in the plasma, bound to albumin, acting as duels for muscle heart liver
FORM FADH2 and NADH

glycerol diffuses to the bloodstream to all tissues

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15
Q

What converts triaglycerol to diaglycerol

A

triaglycerol lipase

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16
Q

What converts diaglycerol to mono glycerol

A

DAG lipase

17
Q

What converts monoglycerol to glycerol

A

MAG lipase

18
Q

Describe glycerol uptake

A

Since glycerol is water soluble- it is taken up by all tissues

MOST TISSUES: Enters glycolysis pathway
converts to pyruvate where its oxidised to pyruvate

IN LIVER IN STARVATION : Enters glycolysis and can be converted to glucose by gluconeogenesis

19
Q

Fatty acid Metabolism

A

Beta oxidation pathway

All reactions occur in the mitochondrial matrix
Intermediates present as CoA thioesters
Biological energy of fatty acid molecule- transferred to 2H atoms (

FBS1- NAM (6 decks)

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