Fat soluble vitamins

Question 1

preformed vitamin A

Answer 1

retinol

Question 2

three provitamin A carotenoids

Answer 2

alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin

Question 3

food sources of vitamin A

Answer 3

preformed in animal products and fortified foods, proviamins in fruits and veggies

Question 4

RBP

Answer 4

retinol binding protein, transports retinol to cells

Question 5

active form of retinol

Answer 5

retinoic acid, acts on nuclear receptors

Question 6

uses of vitamin A

Answer 6

retinal for vision, retinoic acid for gene expression of enzymes, reproduction, immunity, bone growth

Question 7

ocular signs of vitamin A deficiency

Answer 7

bitot’s spot, corneal ulcer, deep corneal ulcer, corneal scarring

Question 8

signs of vitamin A toxicity

Answer 8

headache, nausea, dizziness, liver damage, teratogenicity, osteoporosis

Question 9

RDA for Vitamin A is based on….. and the UL for Vitamin A is based on ……

Answer 9

maintaining adequate liver stores, women of childbearing age the risk of teratogenicity

Question 10

cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol

Answer 10

Vitamin D3 and D2

Question 11

D3

Answer 11

synthesized in response to sunlight and found in supplements

Question 12

sources of viatmin D

Answer 12

fish, liver, milk, dairy, foritified foods, supplements

Question 13

functions of vitamin D

Answer 13

maintain normal calcium levels, increase calcium absorption, resorption, cell growth, immune function

Question 14

symptoms of vitamin D toxicity

Answer 14

confusion, kidney stones, sof tissue calcification, polyuria

Question 15

natural form of vitamin E

Answer 15

RRR alpha-tocopherol

Question 16

food sources of vitamin E

Answer 16

grain, fats, oils, sweets, nuts, seeds, fortified foods, fruits and veggies

Question 17

the reduced form of vitamin E is generated by pathways involving ….

Answer 17

vitamin C and glutathione

Question 18

deficiency of vitamin E results in…..

Answer 18

peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, myopathy, and retinopathy

Question 19

UL of vitamin E is based on

Answer 19

risk of bleeding and hemorrhage

Question 20

two dietary forms of vitamin K

Answer 20

phylloquinone and menaquinone

Question 21

function of warfarn

Answer 21

to block the conversion of vitamin K epoxide to active vitamin K

Question 22

RDA and UL of vitamin K

Answer 22

none and none