Fat as Endocrine Organ Flashcards
Leptin– secreted from?
white adipose tissue (subcutaneous)
Leptin – effects on body
1) hypothalamus
2) muscle
3) liver
4) pancreas
1) increase satiety, and decrease NPY release (hunger suppresant)
2) increase glucose uptake and metabolism
3) increase glucose production (gluconeogensis, glycogenolysis)
4) increase insulin
What suppresses Leptin?
Androgens
Short form Leptin
peripheral action
stimulates growth
Long form
central action
suppresses NPY (satiety, hunger suppressant)
regulates reproduction! (enhances puberty onset, fertility)
Leptin induces expression of what in the arcuate nucleus?
alpha-MSH
CART
these suppress hunger/food intake
Leptin represses suppression of what from arcuate nucleus?
NPY and AgRP
High levels of Leptin can cause what?
Hypertension
Osteoarthritis
High levels of Leptin decrease your risk of what?
Alzheimers/demensia
Leptin & seizures
anti-convulsant
suppresses glutamate induced excitatory events mediated by AMPA-R
Adiponectin– where does it come from?
white & brown adipose tissue
Adiponectin– main role?
decreases insulin resistance// insulin sensitizer!
TZD and Adiponetctin
TZD is a dmII treatment
it activates PPARgama (ligand for FFAs). This induces transcription factors:
1) increases adiponectin, decreases TNF-alpha & Leptin
2) decreases lipolysis and FFAs
overall effect?
IMPROVES SENSITIVITY TO INSULIN
TNF-alpha and adiponectin
decreases adiponectin (it is a proinflammtory cytokine)
AdipoR1
binds globular adiponectin in SKELETAL muscles
stimulates B-ox in muscle
