Fascia of Neck

Question 1

Fascia of the Neck

Answer 1

surround structures in the neck; a layer of subcutaneous tissue (superficial fascia) and layers of deep cervical fascia.

Question 2

Platysma

Answer 2

broad, thin sheet of muscle in the SQ tissue of the neck
ORIGIN: from the fascia covering pectoralis major and deltoid muscle
INSERTION: the inferior border of the mandible, skin and SQ tissue of the lower face.
NERVE SUPPLY: cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN7)

Question 3

Deep to the Platysma what do you find?

Answer 3

the external jugular vein and the main cutaneous nerves of the neck.

Question 4

Actions of Platysma

Answer 4

(muscle of facial expression) tense the skin, producing vertical skin ridges and releasing pressure on the superficial veins; helps to depress the mandible, draws the corners of the mouth inferiorly and serves to convey tension or stress

Question 5

3 Layers of the Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 5

1. investing layer (superficial)
2. pretracheal layer
3. prevertebral layer (deep)

Question 6

Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 6

condenses around the common carotid arteries, internal jugular veins and vagus nerves to form the carotid sheath.

Question 7

Investing Layer of the Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 7

(superficial layer) splits into superficial and deep layers to enclose the trapezius and scm muscles, splits to enclose the submandibular gland, splits to form the fibrous capsule of the parotid gland

Question 8

Investing Layer of the Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 8

modified and thickened to form the stylomandibular ligament. Posteriorly, it is continuous with the nuchal ligament.

Question 9

Pretracheal Layer of the Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 9

anteriorly only, lies in front of the trachea. Encloses the infrahyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, and thyrohyoid muscles. Also encloses the thyroid gland, trachea, and esophagus.

Question 10

Pretracheal Layer of the Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 10

forms a pulley or trochlea through which the intermediate tendon of digastric passes, suspending the hyoid and also wrapping around the lateral border of the intermediate tendon of omohyoid. Blends laterally with the carotid sheath.

Question 11

Prevertebral Layer of Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 11

forms a tubular sheath for the vertebral column and the muscles, longus colli and longus capitis, scalenus anterior, scalenus medius, and scalenus posterior. Fuses with the ALL and extends as the axillary sheath, which surrounds the axillary vessels and brachial plexus.

Question 12

The Cervial parts of the Sympathetic Trunk are embedded in which layer of Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 12

Prevertebral Layer

Question 13

Carotid Sheath

Answer 13

tubular, fascial investment that extends from the cranial base to the root of the neck, blends anteriorly with the investing and pretracheal layers of the fascia and posteriorly with the prevertebral layers of the fascia.

Question 14

Carotid Sheath Contents

Answer 14

common carotid artery, internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, deep cervical lymph nodes, carotid sinus nerve and sympathetic nerve fibers (carotid periarterial plexuses).

Question 15

Retropharyngeal space

Answer 15

largest potential space that consists of loose connective tissue, permits the movement of the pharynx, esophagus, larynx, and trachea relative to the vertebral column during swallowing.

Question 16

Alar Fascia

Answer 16

attached along the midline of the buccopharyngeal fascia from the cranium to the C7 vertebra.