FARs Flashcards
What does Part 1 of the FARs provide?
Part 1 provides definitions for terminology and abbreviations used throughout the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs).
What is defined in Section 1.1?
Section 1.1 defines basic terms and phrases used in the FARs, ensuring uniform meanings across all aviation regulations.
What does Section 1.2 list?
Section 1.2 lists common abbreviations and symbols used throughout the FARs, such as ‘PIC’ for Pilot in Command.
What does Part 23 establish?
Part 23 establishes airworthiness standards for airplanes in the normal category.
What are the requirements outlined in Section 23.2005?
Section 23.2005 provides requirements for certifying airplanes in the normal category, including safety in design and construction.
What does Section 23.2530 mandate?
Section 23.2530 mandates lightning protection for electrical and electronic systems in normal category airplanes.
What does Part 25 cover?
Part 25 provides airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes.
What is required by Section 25.1401?
Section 25.1401 requires transport category airplanes to have anti-collision lighting systems.
What does Part 29 establish?
Part 29 establishes airworthiness requirements for transport category rotorcraft.
What does Section 29.1385 specify?
Section 29.1385 specifies the requirements for position lights on transport category rotorcraft.
What does Part 39 govern?
Part 39 governs the issuance of Airworthiness Directives (ADs) by the FAA.
What are Airworthiness Directives defined as in Section 39.3?
Section 39.3 defines Airworthiness Directives (ADs) as mandatory rules to address unsafe conditions in aircraft.
What does Part 43 establish?
Part 43 establishes regulations for the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration of aircraft.
What are the requirements in Section 43.5?
Section 43.5 details requirements for approving an aircraft to return to service after maintenance or alterations.
What does Section 43.9 outline?
Section 43.9 outlines the requirements for documenting maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations.
What does Part 47 cover?
Part 47 covers the registration process for civil aircraft in the United States.
What does Section 47.69 restrict?
Section 47.69 restricts the use of a Dealer’s Aircraft Registration Certificate to specific purposes.
What does Part 61 outline?
Part 61 outlines the certification requirements for pilots, flight instructors, and ground instructors.
What does Section 61.3 list?
Section 61.3 lists the certificates, ratings, and authorizations that pilots and flight instructors must carry.
What does Section 61.5 identify?
Section 61.5 identifies the types of pilot and instructor certificates and ratings issued by the FAA.
What does Section 61.14 state?
Section 61.14 states that refusing a drug or alcohol test can result in suspension or revocation of FAA certificates.
What does Section 61.15 address?
Section 61.15 addresses the consequences for pilots involved in drug- or alcohol-related offenses.
What does Section 61.19 specify?
Section 61.19 specifies how long various pilot and instructor certificates remain valid.
What does Section 61.23 outline?
Section 61.23 outlines which medical certificates are required for different types of pilot operations.
What does Section 61.31 detail?
Section 61.31 details the additional training and type ratings required for certain aircraft.
What does Section 61.51 specify?
Section 61.51 specifies the requirements for recording flight time in a logbook.
What does Section 61.55 outline?
Section 61.55 outlines the requirements for serving as a second-in-command (SIC) on certain aircraft.
What does Section 61.56 require?
Section 61.56 requires pilots to complete a flight review every 24 months.
What does Section 61.57 set?
Section 61.57 sets requirements for pilots to maintain recent flight experience to act as pilot-in-command.
What does Section 61.58 require?
Section 61.58 requires regular proficiency checks for pilots-in-command of large or turbojet-powered aircraft.
What does Section 61.60 mandate?
Section 61.60 mandates that pilots notify the FAA of any change of address within 30 days.
What does Section 61.69 specify?
Section 61.69 specifies the requirements for pilots who tow gliders or unpowered ultralight vehicles.
What does Section 61.83 list?
Section 61.83 lists the basic eligibility requirements for obtaining a student pilot certificate.
What does Section 61.87 outline?
Section 61.87 outlines the training and endorsements a student pilot must receive before flying solo.
What does Section 61.95 set?
Section 61.95 sets additional requirements for student pilots to operate in Class B airspace.
What does Section 61.123 specify?
Section 61.123 specifies the eligibility criteria for a commercial pilot certificate.
What does Section 61.133 outline?
Section 61.133 outlines the privileges and limitations for commercial pilots.
What does Section 61.189 require?
Section 61.189 requires flight instructors to keep records of every student endorsement.
What does Section 61.195 detail?
Section 61.195 details the qualifications required for flight instructors.
What does Part 73 define?
Part 73 defines special use airspace, including restricted areas, prohibited areas, and warning areas.
What does Section 73.13 provide?
Section 73.13 provides detailed requirements for restricted areas.
What does Part 91 encompass?
Part 91 is a comprehensive set of operating and flight rules for all civil aircraft in the U.S.
What does Section 91.3 grant?
Section 91.3 grants the pilot-in-command full authority and responsibility over the operation and safety of the flight.
What does Section 91.7 require?
FAR 91.7 requires pilots to ensure that an aircraft is airworthy before operating it.
What does Section 91.9 mandate?
Section 91.9 mandates compliance with the operating limitations specified in the aircraft’s flight manual.
What does Section 91.15 regulate?
FAR 91.15 regulates the dropping of objects from an aircraft.
What does Section 91.17 prohibit?
Section 91.17 prohibits pilots from operating an aircraft under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
What does Section 91.21 restrict?
Section 91.21 restricts the use of portable electronic devices on commercial aircraft.
What does Section 91.23 apply to?
FAR 91.23 applies to lease agreements for large civil aircraft.
What does Section 91.103 mandate?
Section 91.103 mandates specific preflight actions by pilots.
What does Section 91.105 require?
Section 91.105 requires flight crewmembers to be at their assigned stations during critical phases.
What does Section 91.107 require?
Section 91.107 requires that all passengers (aged 2+) wear safety belts during taxi, takeoff, and landing.
What does Section 91.109 allow?
Section 91.109 allows simulated instrument flight only with a qualified safety pilot on board.
What does Section 91.111 prohibit?
Section 91.111 prohibits operating an aircraft in a way that creates a collision hazard.
What does Section 91.113 establish?
Section 91.113 establishes right-of-way rules for aircraft to prevent collisions.
What does Section 91.117 limit?
Section 91.117 limits aircraft speeds under certain conditions.
What does Section 91.119 set?
Section 91.119 sets minimum altitudes for flying over populated areas, open water, and sparsely populated areas.
What does Section 91.121 require?
Section 91.121 requires pilots to set their altimeters according to local altimeter settings.
What does Section 91.123 mandate?
Section 91.123 mandates compliance with Air Traffic Control (ATC) clearances and instructions.
What does Section 91.121 require pilots to do?
Set their altimeters according to local altimeter settings to ensure altitude accuracy.
What is mandated by Section 91.123?
Compliance with Air Traffic Control (ATC) clearances and instructions unless an emergency requires deviation.
What does Section 91.126 provide?
Operational procedures for airports in uncontrolled (Class G) airspace, including communication and traffic patterns.
What are the operational requirements outlined in Section 91.127?
Requirements for flights around airports in Class E airspace, including communication and traffic patterns.
What does FAR 91.130 specify?
Requirements for operating in Class C airspace, including two-way radio communication with ATC.
What does Section 91.131 require for Class B airspace operations?
Pilots must receive ATC clearance and comply with equipment and communication requirements.
What does FAR 91.133 define?
Restricted and prohibited areas, limiting aircraft operations within these zones.
What is required for aircraft operating in Class A airspace according to Section 91.135?
All aircraft must operate under IFR (Instrument Flight Rules).
What does Section 91.144 allow the FAA to impose?
Temporary flight restrictions (TFRs) around disaster or hazard areas.
What are the fuel requirements for VFR flights as per Section 91.151?
Enough fuel to fly to the destination plus 30 minutes of reserve for daytime and 45 minutes for nighttime operations.
What does FAR 91.155 establish?
Minimum weather conditions for flying under VFR, including visibility and distance from clouds.
What does Section 91.157 allow for?
Special VFR operations in controlled airspace under specific, lower visibility conditions with ATC clearance.
What does Section 91.159 prescribe?
Appropriate cruising altitudes for VFR flights above 3,000 feet AGL based on magnetic course.
What does Section 91.167 mandate for IFR flights?
Sufficient fuel to reach the destination, alternate airport (if required), plus 45 minutes reserve.
What does FAR 91.169 require from IFR pilots?
To file a flight plan including their destination, alternate airport, and estimated times.
What does Section 91.171 require for VOR navigation equipment?
It must be checked for accuracy within the preceding 30 days for IFR flight.
What does Section 91.175 provide rules for?
Instrument takeoffs and landings, including minimum visibility and decision height requirements.
What does Section 91.177 prescribe?
Minimum altitudes for IFR flight over different terrain types to ensure adequate terrain clearance.
What does Section 91.179 set for IFR flights?
Appropriate cruising altitudes organized by direction of flight.
What does FAR 91.183 specify?
Mandatory communication requirements for IFR flights, including position reports.
What does Section 91.185 outline?
Procedures for IFR flights if radio communication with ATC is lost.
What does Section 91.187 require pilots to report?
Equipment malfunctions that affect IFR capabilities to ATC.
What does Section 91.203 mandate for civil aircraft?
Carrying an airworthiness certificate and registration.
What does FAR 91.205 list?
Required instruments and equipment for various types of flights.
What does Section 91.207 require?
Certain aircraft to carry an Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) for search and rescue operations.
What does Section 91.209 require for night operations?
Aircraft lights, including position, anti-collision, and landing lights.
What does Section 91.211 mandate?
Supplemental oxygen requirements for pilots and passengers above certain altitudes.
What does Section 91.215 require?
Transponders with altitude-reporting capabilities in certain airspace.
What does Section 91.217 specify?
Accuracy requirements for ADS-B and transponder data used for ATC.
What does FAR 91.225 mandate?
ADS-B Out equipment for operations in most controlled airspace.
What does Section 91.303 define?
Where aerobatic flight is permitted and lists restrictions.
What does FAR 91.307 establish?
Regulations on parachute use for pilots and passengers during specific maneuvers.
What does Section 91.309 provide?
Operational requirements for aircraft towing gliders or ultralight vehicles.
What does Section 91.311 restrict?
Carrying hazardous materials aboard aircraft unless specific safety requirements are met.
What does FAR 91.313 define?
Operational limits for restricted-category aircraft.
What does Section 91.315 set limitations on?
Limited-category aircraft operations, often former military or experimental planes.
What does FAR 91.319 define?
Operating limits for experimental-category aircraft.
What does Section 91.321 address?
Carriage of candidates and their campaign staff for elections.
What does Section 91.325 provide guidelines for?
Primary category aircraft used mainly for personal use and non-commercial activities.
What does FAR 91.403 set requirements for?
Aircraft owners and operators to ensure aircraft are properly maintained and airworthy.
What does Section 91.405 require?
Maintenance records of scheduled inspections, repairs, and maintenance.
What does Section 91.407 outline?
Requirements for test flights following maintenance work.
What does FAR 91.409 require?
Regular inspections for all civil aircraft.
What does Section 91.413 mandate?
Periodic testing and inspection of transponders.
What does Section 91.417 require?
Detailed records of all maintenance, preventative maintenance, and inspections.
What does Section 91.421 allow operators to do?
Start a new logbook for an engine that has been rebuilt to manufacturer standards.
What does FAR 117.3 provide?
Definitions for terms used in regulations regarding crew flight and duty time limitations.
What does Section 119.1 detail?
The scope of commercial flight operations covered under Part 119.
When can you begin logging night flight according to Part 1 in the FAR / AIM?
Between the end of civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight– usually 30 minutes after sunset and 30 minutes before sunrise.
When does night flying qualify as recency for carrying passengers according to 61.57?
To carry passengers, the PIC must have done at least 3 TOs and 3 LNDs to a full stop, from one hour after sunset to one hour before sunrise, as the sole manipulator of the controls, within the last 90 days.
When must aircraft lights be on according to 91.209 and AIM 4-3-23?
Anti collision lights must be turned on when “operating an aircraft that is equipped with an anti-collision light system”; unless the PIC determines that their light output creates a hazard to safety
From sunset to sunrise, pilots must have their **position lights **on.
Landing lights are encouraged to be on **after TO clearance has been received or when beginning TO roll. Pilots are also encouraged to turn on landing lights below 10,000’ day or night, especially within 10 miles of any airport**, in conditions of reduced visibility, and in areas where birds may be expected.
(confirmed by the clarification letter from the FAA 1/11/11)
How does FAR 1.1 define a commercial operator?
A person who, for compensation or hire, engages in the carriage by aircraft in air commerce of persons or property, pther than as an air carrier or foreign air carrier or under the authority of part 375 of this title. Where it is doublt that an operation is for “compesation or hire” the test applied is whether the carriage by air merely incdiental to the person’s other business or is, in itself, a major enterprise for profit.
How can a pilot determine if an aircraft is in a Limited, Restricted, or Utility Category?
Answer: The aircraft’s certification, operational limitations, and associated type certificate will specify the category and authorized uses.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 21.25 (Restricted), § 21.189 (Limited), § 23.3 (Utility)
What are examples of Restricted Category Aircraft operations?
Answer: Examples include:
Crop dusting
Aerial firefighting
Aerial photography
Pipeline and powerline patrol
Other FAA-approved specific missions
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 91.313
What is the main distinction of a Restricted Category Aircraft?
Answer: Restricted category aircraft are specialized for missions that regular aircraft cannot perform, such as agricultural spraying or aerial surveying.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 21.25
What is the primary purpose of a Limited Category Aircraft?
Answer: The primary purpose is for historical preservation, demonstrations, or airshows, without commercial or passenger-carrying operations.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 91.315
Can Utility Category Aircraft be used for aerobatics?
Answer: Yes, utility category aircraft are designed for limited aerobatics, but only as specified in the aircraft’s Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) or flight manual.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 23.3
Answer: Yes, utility category aircraft are designed for limited aerobatics, but only as specified in the aircraft’s Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) or flight manual.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 23.3
What structural requirements must Utility Category Aircraft meet?
Answer: Utility category aircraft must meet higher structural load factors compared to normal category aircraft to allow limited aerobatic maneuvers and specialized operations.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 23.3
What are the certification requirements for Restricted Category Aircraft?
Answer: Restricted category aircraft must demonstrate that they meet safety standards for their intended specialized use, as outlined in their certification process.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 21.25
Can a Restricted Category Aircraft carry passengers?
Answer: Restricted category aircraft can carry passengers only if they are essential to the operation (e.g., crew members for firefighting or agricultural operations).
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 91.313
Can a Limited Category Aircraft carry passengers for compensation?
Answer: No, limited category aircraft cannot carry passengers or cargo for compensation or hire. They are restricted to operations aligned with their certification.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 91.315
What operations can a Utility Category Aircraft perform?
Answer: Utility category aircraft can perform limited aerobatic maneuvers, towing operations (e.g., glider or banner towing), and skydiving missions, as specified in the aircraft’s flight manual.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 23.3
What is a Utility Category Aircraft?
Answer: A utility category aircraft is certified for limited aerobatic maneuvers and non-standard operations such as glider towing or skydiving. It is more robust than normal category aircraft.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 23.3
Answer: A utility category aircraft is certified for limited aerobatic maneuvers and non-standard operations such as glider towing or skydiving. It is more robust than normal category aircraft.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 23.3
What are the operating limitations for Restricted Category Aircraft?
Answer: Restricted category aircraft cannot carry passengers unless they are essential to the operation (e.g., crew for firefighting). They must operate strictly within the scope of their certification.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 91.313
What is a Restricted Category Aircraft?
Answer: A restricted category aircraft is designed for specific, non-standard operations such as crop dusting, aerial firefighting, or aerial surveying. These aircraft are adapted for specialized civilian uses.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 21.25
What are the operating limitations for Limited Category Aircraft?
Answer: Limited category aircraft cannot carry passengers or cargo for compensation or hire. Operations are restricted to purposes consistent with their certification.
Relevant Regulation: 14 CFR § 91.315
