farming types and definitions Flashcards
Arable farming
Crop cultivation only
Pastoral farming
Livestock rearing only
Mixed farming
Both crop cultivation and livestock rearing
Subsistence farming
Farm outputs are for own consumption (self-sufficiency)
Commercial farming
Farm outputs are for sale in the market
Intensive farming
High input-land ratio
farming that generally takes up a fairly small area of land, but uses high inputs of labour and resources (fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation and capital) per unit land area to increase land productivity.
Extensive farming
Low input-land ratio
- Farming that uses small inputs of labour, fertilizers and capital, relative to the land area being farmed.
- Farms are large, but agricultural productivity is low.
Labour-intensive farming
Labour is the most important input which mainly comes from family members.
Capital-intensive farming
Capital and technology are the most important inputs
Sedentary farming
The farmland or pastureland is permanently sited at one location
Non-sedentary farming
The farmland or pastureland is temporary and constantly changes over space and time
High-technology farming
High technology and a lot of energy is used
Low-technology farming
Low technology and little energy is used
Monoculture
Only one type of crop is grown on the land
Polyculture
Multiple crop types are grown on the land
