Farmakokinetik Flashcards

1
Q

Administrationsveje for lægemidler

A

Peroral

Parenteral

  • intravenøst
  • intramuskulært
  • subkutant

Rektal

Buccal/sublingual

Topisk

Pulmonal

Transdermal

Intratracheal

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2
Q

Peroral administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:
- Nem. Bekvem.

Ulemper:

  • First Pass Metabolisme
  • Lokal irritation (ASA)
  • Destruktion (Penicillin G)
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3
Q

Parenteral administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:

  • Ingen First Pass Metabolisme
  • Hurtig absorption til det systemiske kredsløb

Ulemper:
- Farlig ved fejlinjektion

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4
Q

Rektal administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:

  • Lavere First Pass Metabolisme end peroral administration
  • Særlig god til børn eller ved kvalme

Ulemper:

  • Rektal blødning
  • Ubehag
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5
Q

Buccal/sublingual administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:
- Ingen First Pass Metabolisme

Ulemper:
- Potentielt dårlig absorption

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6
Q

Topisk administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:
- God lokal effekt

Ulemper:

  • Langsom effekt
  • Lokal irritation
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7
Q

Pulmonal administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:
- Hurtig absorption

Ulemper:
- First Pass Metabolisme

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8
Q

Transdermal administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:

  • Ingen First Pass Metabolisme
  • Kontinuerlig effekt

Ulemper:

  • Langsom effekt
  • Lokal irritation
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9
Q

Intratracheal administration fordele og ulemper

A

Fordele:

  • Ingen First Pass Metabolisme
  • Høj lokal koncentration

Ulemper:
- Speciallæge nødvendig

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10
Q

Fordelingsvolumen, Vd

A

Hypotetisk volumen. En proportionalitetsfaktor:

Kroppens systemiske totalindhold af lægemiddelstof = Vd x plasmakoncentration

I praksis et udtryk for i hvor høj grad et lægemiddelstof befinder sig andre steder end i plasma.

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11
Q

Clearence (Cl)

A

Forholdet mellem eliminationshastighed og plasmakoncentration.

Volumen clearet for aktive form af lægemiddel pr. tid.

Organismens evne til at eliminere et lægemiddel.

Cl_total = Cl_lever + Cl_nyrer + Cl_andre organer

Pr. definition en proportionalitetsfaktor:
Eliminationshastighed = Clearence x plasmakoncentration.

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