FARM TO MARKET ROAD Flashcards
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply:
Definition of Terms
granular material of mineral composition such as sand, gravel, shell, crushed and
uncrushed stone or light weight materials
aggregates
the suitable material used to replace other materials removed during construction
backfill
the layer of aggregate, soil-treated aggregate, treated soil, or soil aggregate that
rests upon the Subbase or if no Subbase, upon the sub-grade. Treatment may
include application of chemical-based soil additives such as soil-stabilizers and/or
any approved method
base course
the suitable material used for embankments
borrow
structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruction, such as
water, a highway, or a railway; having a roadway or track for carrying traffic or
other moving loads; and having an opening measured along the center of the
roadway between faces of abutments, spring lines of arches, or extreme ends of
the opening for multiple box culverts or multiple pipes that are 60 inches or more in
diameter and that have a clear distance between openings of not less than half of
the smallest pipe diameter
bridge
removal and disposal of trees, vegetation or other unwanted materials from the
ground surface
clearing
application of pressure to aggregates to result in a dense mass free of excessive
voids. Compaction minimizes settlement, decreases permeability and increases
strength
compaction
structural component of specified thickness. It may consist of one layer or more
course
drainage structure that may or may not, directly support and that extends across
and beneath a highway street, driveway, alley, arterial, or other public way
culvert
product resulting from the mechanical crushing of gravel, with substantially all
fragments having at least one face resulting from fracture
crushed gravel
removal of water from the road area by the use of culverts, ditches, channels and
other several structures
drainage
operations connected with excavating and placing embankments with soil, earth or
rock
earthwork
protection of soil from disclosing by water, wind, or other agent
erosion control
act of cutting, digging, or scooping to remove material
excavation
determination of the degree of compactness of the soil
field density test
the embankment material placed above natural ground line
fill
access roads that connect major road arteries to the agricultural production areas
where farm produce are being mobilized and transported to the market by the
farmers and fishermen
farm to market roads
slope of a roadway, channel, or natural ground
grade
property of a soil which describes the distribution of size groups
gradation
rate of increase or decrease in the level of the land, the slope expressed in
percentage
gradient
preparation of the sub-grade, in line and elevation, for application of pavement
materials including base and surfacing materials
grading
removal and disposal of trees, and other unwanted materials below the ground
surface
grubbing
roadway, which is divided into two (2) or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular
traffic
lane roadway
form of stone, brick, concrete block, concrete, or other similar building materials
that have been bonded together with mortar to form a structure
masonry
earth roadway, which one way is a clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic
one-lane earth road
gravel roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic
one-lane gravel road
asphalt pavement roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular
traffic
one-lane asphalt pavement road
concrete roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic
one-lane concrete road
quarried stone especially selected, graded and placed to prevent erosion and
thereby preserve the shape of a surface, slope, or underlying structure
riprap
graded portion of a highway between top and side slopes, prepared as a
foundation for the pavement structure and shoulder
road bed
space/location/site intended to employ traffic consideration for the transport of
agricultural products
roadway
travel way or crown portion of the roadway intended for the movement of vehicles,
exclusive of shoulders
road carriageway
lateral design width for one lane or two lanes strip of roadway
road carriageway width
raised structure of soil, soil aggregate, sand or rock
roadway embankment
part of the roadway next to the traveled way or auxiliary lanes that provide lateral
support of base and surface courses and is an emergency stopping area for
vehicles
road shoulder
saving of different existing materials from the projects which are removed and
intended to be used in other construction
salvage materials
written technical description of materials, equipment, construction systems,
standards, and workmanship that, in conjunction with the drawings, detail the
requirements for acceptable completion of the work
specifications
refer to the bridges, culverts, wall, buildings, foundations, water tanks,
transmission towers, cribbing, caissons or coffer dams, other similar features
which may be encountered in the work and are classified as structures
structures
refers to the layer of the specified or selected materials of designated thickness in
a pavement structure immediately above the sub-grade and below the base
course
Subbase course
roadbed upon which the pavement structures is placed
subgrade (earth road)
upper portion of material which act as foundation Subbase course
subgrade (gravel road)
top surface of the roadbed upon which the pavement is placed
subgrade (bituminous, concrete road)
vehicular and non-vehicular movement along a route such as pedestrians,
vehicles, animals, etc.
traffic
earth roadway, which two(2) ways are marked lanes for vehicular traffic
two-lane earth road
gravel roadway, which two (2) ways are marked lanes for vehicular traffic
two-lane gravel road
asphalt pavement roadway, which two ways are marked lanes for vehicular traffic
two-lane asphalt pavement road
concrete pavement roadway, on which two lanes are marked for vehicular traffic
two-lane concrete pavement road
a widened, unobstructed shoulder area, about 30 meters long, that may be used
for emergency purposes or allow slow-moving vehicles to pull out of the
carriageway to give passing opportunity to following or incoming vehicles
turn-out section
