FAR 2D - PP&E

Question 1

What is the formula for Double-Declining Balance Depreciation?

Answer 1

2 × (Straight-Line Depreciation Rate) × (Beginning Book Value).

Example An asset costs $10,000 with a useful life of 5 years. No salvage value.

1st Year Depreciation: Depreciation = 2 × (1 / 5) × 10,000 = 4,000
2nd Year Depreciation: Depreciation = 2 × (1 / 5) × 6,000 = 2,400

Question 2

How do you calculate depreciation using the Sum-of-the-Years-Digits Method?

Answer 2

(Remaining Life / Sum of the Years) × (Cost - Salvage Value).

Example: An asset costs $20,000, has a salvage value of $2,000, and a useful life of 5 years.
Sum of Years: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15
Depreciation for the 1st year: Depreciation = (5 / 15) × (20,000 - 2,000) = 6,000
Depreciation for the 2nd year:
Depreciation = (4 / 15) × (20,000 - 2,000) = 4,800

Question 3

What is the formula for Straight-Line Depreciation?

Answer 3

(Cost - Salvage Value) / Useful Life.

Question 4

When can interest be capitalized during construction?

Answer 4

Interest is capitalized during the construction of qualifying assets, using the weighted average interest rate on accumulated expenditures.

Question 5

What costs are included in the capitalization of land?

Answer 5

Purchase price, legal fees, demolition costs, and site preparation costs.

Question 6

What is the key difference between Group and Composite Depreciation?

Answer 6

Group depreciation applies to homogeneous assets, while composite depreciation applies to heterogeneous assets.

Homogeneous: Identical trucks, identical computers.
Heterogeneous: Equipment in factory with different machines and lifespans

Question 7

How do you conduct the recoverability test for impairment on PP&E?

Answer 7

Compare the carrying amount with undiscounted future cash flows. If carrying amount > future cash flows, impairment occurs.

Question 8

How is an impairment loss calculated?

Answer 8

Impairment Loss = Carrying Value - Fair Value (discounted cash flows).

Question 9

How are donated assets measured and recorded?

Answer 9

Donated assets are measured at fair value and recorded as revenue, except when donated by a government.

Question 10

When does interest capitalization cease for a self-constructed asset?

Answer 10

Interest capitalization stops once the asset is ready for use or sale.

Question 11

Can impairment losses for assets held for sale be reversed?

Answer 11

Yes, impairments for assets held for sale can be reversed, but only up to the original carrying value.

Question 12

How do you calculate new depreciation when switching to the straight-line method?

Answer 12

New Depreciation = (Remaining Book Value - Salvage Value) / Remaining Useful Life.

Example: An asset has a remaining book value of $30,000, a salvage value of $5,000, and 3 years of remaining useful life.
New Depreciation: Depreciation = (30,000 - 5,000) / 3 = 8,333.33 per year

Question 13

How do you measure a long-lived asset classified as held for sale?

Answer 13

Measure at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.

Question 14

What is the general rule for capitalizing vs expensing costs related to PPE?

Answer 14

Capitalize costs that result in future economic benefits (e.g., extending useful life); expense routine repairs.

Question 15

When can interest be capitalized for self-constructed assets?

Answer 15

Interest can be capitalized for self-constructed assets during the construction period using the weighted average interest rate.

Question 16

How are individual asset disposals handled under group/composite depreciation?

Answer 16

No gain or loss is recognized on individual disposals. The carrying value is reduced by the proceeds received.

Question 17

How is salvage value treated in double-declining balance depreciation?

Answer 17

Salvage value is ignored in the calculation until the book value approaches the salvage value.

Question 18

How are proceeds from asset disposals handled in composite depreciation?

Answer 18

The net carrying value is reduced by the cash proceeds received, with no gain or loss recognized.

Question 19

How is interest capitalized for construction projects?

Answer 19

Interest is capitalized by applying the interest rate to accumulated expenditures during the construction period.

Question 20

What is the formula for capitalized interest on construction projects?

Answer 20

Capitalized Interest = (Interest Rate) × (Weighted Average Accumulated Expenditures).

Example:
A company has two loans:
Loan 1: $100,000 at 6% interest
Loan 2: $200,000 at 8% interest
The company spent $250,000 on construction, with accumulated expenditures of $120,000.
Weighted Average Interest Rate: (100,000 × 6% + 200,000 × 8%) / (100,000 + 200,000) = 7.33%
Capitalized Interest: Capitalized Interest = 7.33% × 120,000 = $8,796