famous anthropologists

Question 1

compared adolescent experience in samoa and america; concluded that personalities are largely influenced by the society in which we live; found that americans were raised to compete and samoans, to cooperate

Answer 1

margaret mead (1901-1978)

Question 2

focused on aboriginal people in the american plains; concluded that culture was “personality writ large”: the sum of all personality types of its people; shared belief that there is a link between characteristics of culture and people’s personality types

Answer 2

ruth benedict (1887-1948)

Question 3

regarded as the founder of social anthropology; helped develop functional theory; rejected cultural evolutionism

Answer 3

bronisław malinowski (1884-1942)

Question 4

found a skull in south africa that was from a transitional stage between ape and human (australopithecus = southern ape); by 1947 he discovered other fossil remains that supported his original claim

Answer 4

raymond dart (1893-1988)

Question 5

experimented with stone age tools to discover how our ancestors hunted for food; discovered homo habilis; were able to reconstruct civilizations as old as 100 000 BP

Answer 5

the leakey family

Question 6

spent 20 years observing chimpanzees; discovered their highly developed social structure; recruited by louis leakey

Answer 6

jane goodall

Question 7

observed gorillas; found they demonstrated affection towards family members and aggression towards outsiders; was murdered in 1985 by persons unknown while mounting a campaign for gorilla protection

Answer 7

dian fossey

Question 8

observed orangutans in the wild in borneo, indonesia; found that violence is ever-present and that they would kill one of their own for meat

Answer 8

biruté galdikas