Family Violence

Question 1

Four Abuse Categories:

Answer 1

Emotional
Physical
Sexual
Neglect

Question 2

what are some examples of ED visits suspected of family violence there are also signs of what

Answer 2

Hyperventilation, panic attacks
Gastrointestinal disturbances
Chest pain
Depression Insomnia/ Violent nightmares/Extreme fatigue

signs of PTSD

Question 3

what is the most likely interaction of theories for abuse

Answer 3

Most likely the interaction of societal, psychological, cultural & neurobiological factors

Question 4

what is the Social Learning Theory (intergenerational violence theory):

Answer 4

Behaviors develop through role modeling & human interaction
An abused child learns that violence is acceptable or the norm
Without consequences the abuser is rewarded with a sense of power and control

Question 5

what are some social and cultural factors related to abuse

Answer 5

Poverty or unemployment
Overcrowded communities or lack of resources
Social isolation of families
Early parenthood
Lack of/ or inadequate coping skills
Family member with chronic health problems
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Patriarchal Theory

Question 6

what are the psychological factors related to abuse theories

Answer 6

The abuser has traits that make him/her violent and can not control their violent behaviors
Other psychological factors: low self esteem, hypersensitivity, narcissism, immature, poor coping skills

Question 7

what is child abuse

Answer 7

When a child is harmed physically, psychologically, sexually or through acts of neglect

Question 8

where would a medical professional report child abuse

Answer 8

child protective services (CPS)

Question 9

what are some signs of neglect the child shows

Answer 9

Speech disorders
Lag in development
Malnourished, stealing food
Poor hygiene
Clothing inappropriate: sized, soiled
School problems, tardiness, truancy
Not supervised

Question 10

what are some behavioral signs of abuse

Answer 10

Withdrawn, depressed, aggressive
Excessive fear of parents, tries to please
Nightmares, anxiety
Acting out at school
Regressive behavior
Hides injuries
May withdraw from physical contact with adults or make no eye contact

Question 11

what are some physical signs of abuse

Answer 11

Head injuries: skull and facial fractures
Bruises & welts in shapes of objects
Child may protect abuser for fear of punishment
Burns
On buttocks, genitals, soles of feet
Human bites
Rope burns from being tied
Fractures in different stages of healing

Question 12

what are some physical signs of sexual abuse

Answer 12

Difficulty walking, sitting
Itching in private areas
Bleeding, bruising of genitals/rectum
Swelling or discharge
Sexually transmitted infection (STI)
Bloody stained/torn underclothing

Question 13

what is the most commone age range for sexual abuse victims

Answer 13

4-7 by a family member

Question 14

what type of questions would you ask children who are suspected to be abused

Answer 14

open ended questions

Question 15

what are the assessment guidelines for interviewing the parent of a abused child

Answer 15

Conduct a private interview.
Be direct, honest, and professional.
Be attentive and understanding.
Inform the person if you must make a referral to Child Protective Services, and explain the process.

Question 16

what is the best outcome of child abuse

Answer 16

Physical abuse, sexual abuse, or neglect has ceased.”

Question 17

what is included in the accurate and detailed records of the incident:

Answer 17

Verbatim statements of who caused injury and when it occurred
Body map to indicate size, color, shape, areas, and typesof injuries with explanation
Use of photographs per hospital policy (most likely by police)

Question 18

what are the different forms of teen abuse

Answer 18

Extreme possessiveness
Jealousy
Physical stalking
Cyber stalking
Manipulation/control over one’s partner
Demeaning one’s partner in front of friends 
Threatening to commit suicide
Forced intimacy or sex

Question 19

Children who reside in homes where IPV occurs are vulnerable to feelings of

Answer 19

of responsibility, guilt, emotional distress, behavioral regression, somatic complaints, PSTD, alcohol or drug abuse, and more.

Question 20

what does it mean to Control through intimidation:

Answer 20

Instills fear through threats
Breaks things, destroys property, abuses pets, displays weapons, threatens children, and threatens homicide or suicide
Increases physical, sexual, and psychological abuse

Question 21

what does it mean to control through economic abuse

Answer 21

Controls the money. If the partner works, the batterer calls excessively and forces the partner to miss work.

Question 22

what does it mean to control through power

Answer 22

Makes all the decisions, defines the role in the relationship, treats the partner like a servant, and takes charge of the home and social life.

Question 23

what does it mean to control through isolation

Answer 23

Limits family or friends, controls activities and social events, tracks the time or mileage on the car, monitors activities, stalks the partner at work, takes the partner to and from work or school, and may demand permission to leave house

Question 24

violence is what kind of behavior

Answer 24

learned

Question 25

what emotions does the abuser feel

Answer 25

low sense of self poor impulse control limited tolerance for frustration.

Question 26

what are you focusing on in programs for abuse

Answer 26

Eliminating violence via reflection/skill building | Alternatives to fines and incarceration

Question 27

what are the priorities for programs for abuse

Answer 27

Protect victims | Make offenders accountable

Question 28

what is included in programs for abuse: address the need to exert control

Answer 28

Change batterer’s self-perception Address abuser’s own history as victim if applicable Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 29

what are the 3 phases of cycle of violence

Answer 29

Tension building Acute battering Honeymoon

Question 30

what are some reasons that the victim stays with the abuser

Answer 30

Financial support Isolation/support system gone Can’t survive without their partner Depressed/lost physiological energy to leave Low self-esteem: think partner is powerful

Question 31

what are some presenting signs of PTSD of abuse

Answer 31

high anxiety, stress, insomnia, chest pain, back pain, dizziness, stomach upset, trouble eating, and severe headache, among others.

Question 32

what are the 5 kinds of elder abuse

Answer 32

``` physical emotional finance abuse or exploitation neglect sexual abuse ```

Question 33

what is elder physical abuse

Answer 33

Infliction of physical pain orinjury (e.g., slapping, bruising, sexually molesting, restraining).

Question 34

what is elder emotional abuse

Answer 34

Infliction of mental anguish (e.g., humiliating, intimidating, threatening).

Question 35

what is elder finance abuse or exploitation abuse

Answer 35

Misuse of someone’s property and resources by another person.

Question 36

what is elder neglect

Answer 36

Failure to fulfill a caretaking obligation to provide goods and services; may also include self-neglect; “granny dumping”.

Question 37

what is elder sexual abuse

Answer 37

nonconsensual (either by refusal or incapacity to refuse) sexual contact.

Question 38

what is the difference of an elder abuser or a child abuser

Answer 38

the elder abuser may not be cruel or insensitive, but under extreme stress. Abuser is often a middle-aged child of the victim. Often, the caregiver is financially dependent on the older adult. In many cases, the caregiver is dealing with mental illness, substance abuse, and an inability to cope.

Question 39

what are some red flags of elder abuse

Answer 39

``` Fear of being alone with caregiver Obvious malnutrition Bedsores or skin lesions Begging for food Needs medical and/or dental care Left unattended for long periods Reports of abuse and neglect Passive, withdrawn, and emotionless Concern over finances and missing valuables ```

Question 40

are males or females more at risk for suicide

Answer 40

men because they chose more leathal way

Question 41

what are some major risk factors for suicide

Answer 41

anxiety, insomnia, and substance abuse.

Question 42

what are some Genetic factors for suicide

Answer 42

Suicide clusters develop in some families, resulting in a family history of suicide.

Question 43

what are some societal factors for suicide

Answer 43

No social supports are available to combat negative events and severe stress.

Question 44

what are some psychological factors for suicide

Answer 44

Psychotic tendencies result in increased risk, especially as it relates to command hallucinations that tell a person to kill themselves or delusions that they must die. Hopelessness, helplessness, and feelings of worthlessness are evident.

Question 45

Neurobiologic aspects of suicide

Answer 45

Strong association exists between suicide and low serotonin. Biological responses to stress may be risk factor.

Question 46

Noradrenergic systems (Mediates Stress response):

Answer 46

Overactivity is associated with severe anxiety, agitation, and a high suicidal risk.

Question 47

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis: (Stress Response)

Answer 47

Is associated with depression. | Suicide victims often exhibit HPA axis abnormalities.

Question 48

what is Sigmund Freud theory on suicide

Answer 48

Murderous attack on self

Question 49

what is Karls theory on suicide

Answer 49

Revenge, depression, guilt

Question 50

what is Edwins theory on suicide

Answer 50

Unbearable psychologic pain— “There is no way out.” Self-destructive behaviors (e.g., drugs, hyperobesity, gambling, self-harmful sexual behaviors, medical noncompliance) as subintentioned suicide

Question 51

what are some risk factors for teen suicide

Answer 51

Frequent episodes of running away Frequent expressions of rage and problems with parents Family loss, instability, and withdrawal Perception of failure: school, work, social Expression of suicidal thoughts when sad or bored Difficulty dealing with sexual orientation Unplanned pregnancy

Question 52

what are some meds that may cause depressive symptoms

Answer 52

``` Antihypertensives Benzodiazepines Calcium channel blockers Corticosteroids Hormonal meds and pain killers ```

Question 53

what are some bahvioral clues for suicide

Answer 53

Giving away prized possessions Writing farewell notes Making out a will Putting personal affairs in order Failing to sleep or fall asleep for more than one night in a row (global insomnia) Exhibiting sudden or unexpected improvement in mood after being depressed and withdrawn Neglecting personal hygiene

Question 54

what does SADPERSONS stand for

Answer 54

``` sex age depression Previous attempt Excessive alchol or drug use Rational thinking loss Seperated/divorced/widowed Organized attempt No support Stated future attempt ```

Question 55

what is the institutional protocol for suicide

Answer 55

Provide a safe environment. Document the patient’s activity—usually every 15 minutes; include what the patient is doing and with whom. Maintain accurate records of nurse and physician actions. Place the patient on either suicide precaution or suicide observation. Construct a verbal or written no-suicide contract. Encourage the patient to talk about his or her feelings and alternatives

Question 56

During a suicidal crisis, the following information should be conveyed to the patient in all settings:

Answer 56

The crisis is temporary. This unbearable pain can be survived. Help is available. You are not alone.

Question 57

Intervention After the Crisis Period

Answer 57

Arrange to have the patient stay with family, friends, or in the hospital if the patient is highly suicidal. Remove weapons and pills; activate social supports. Encourage the patient to talk freely and discuss alternatives. Contact family members/ Arrange for crisis counseling. Prescribe antianxiety or antidepressant medications if needed. Only a 1- to 3-day supply of medications should be given.

Question 58

interventions after a suicide has been completed.

Answer 58

Should be initiated within 24 to 72 hours after death. Family/friends face mourning without social support. People don’t know what to say. People sometimes blame family/friends. Often face stigmatization and isolation.