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sociology YR12 > Family Sociologists > Flashcards

Family Sociologists Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Chester (functionalist)

A

Chester believes that despite families becoming more diverse, that all family types are based upon the nuclear family. Whether it is two men, two women are a reconstructed family, they have similar structures to nuclear family

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2
Q

Giddens (individualist)

A

Relationships now based upon confluent love. This is mutual respect, if the other person does not feel like the requirement is met, it is easy for the individual to walk away from the relationship and move on to another. They believe that men have become more emotionally available to wife and children. Democratisation- emotional needs

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3
Q

Gittens (Marxist)

A

Families have become more diverse but the media and those in politics have vested interest in supporting the idea of the nuclear family

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4
Q

Leach Cereal packet family ((Marxist)

A

That the normal representation of a family in media especially is seen as the type of family to sell cereal, underrepresentation of other families in the media

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5
Q

Sommerville

A

Only 5% never marry in their lifetime

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6
Q

Parsons (functionalist)

A

The nuclear family serves two roles, the stabilization of adult personalities, and the socialization, woman is expressive and men instrumental

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7
Q

Murdock (functionalist)

A

Sexual
Reproductive
Educational
Economic

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8
Q

Popenoe (neo-functionalist)

A

Biological necessities that underlie on the way the family is organized. Children brought up alternatively more likely to be damaged

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9
Q

Germain Greer (feminist)

A

That the increase in family diversity is a positive thing, because woman is no longer to be oppressed by men and the patriarchy

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10
Q

Beck and Beck (individualist)

A

Avoiding risk, society choose not to get married because it involves less risk

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11
Q

Murray (New Right)

A

Argues that single parent families (90% of time mother) Lack a strong male role model and this Leds to inadequate norms and values, Nick Spencer’s study can be used as evidence.

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12
Q

Morgan (New Right)

A

Should be greater support from the government for marriages through financial incentives

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13
Q

Dennis and Erdos (New Right)

A

Boys without a father become anti-social men

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14
Q

Finch (postmodernist)

A

Should focus on family display- what does the family, or relationships inside the family. Trips, meals weddings etc. The standards inside family

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15
Q

Lyotard (postmodernist)

A

What fits the individual, rather than being told by scientists and politicians, choose what works for them

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16
Q

Bernardes (postmodernist)

A

postmodern family
choice of family
freedom of sexual and traditional norms
diversity
ambivalence
fluidity, families are not fixed

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17
Q

Stacey (postmodernist)

A

Allows people to change their family and lifestyles depending on changing of circumstance

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18
Q

Delphy and Learnards (Radical feminists)

A

Domestic sphere force women into be mothers and wives. Men are the ones which make key decisions for the household, patriarchal.

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19
Q

Beston (Marxist Feminist)

A

That woman does unpaid domestic labor, they are in responsible for a man’s sexual needs, domestic chores and imposing gender norms so their children can partake in the next generation of capitalism.

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20
Q

Summerville (liberal feminist)

A

radical and Marxist feminism is outdated, that there has been significant change within the last 50 years alongside the growth of woman in education, what kind of family they want to be a part of etc… Unlike new right, she wants the government to support new family types

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21
Q

Langford (feminist)

A

Women are scared to be alone; they want to be wanted for who they are, when they get into relationships, this love becomes a power difference. Women still do not stop looking for love

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22
Q

Jamiesons study on cohabitation

A

Asked if cohabitation was a new form of commitment, as many respondents did not see if marriage would add any added value, and some said it was a way of trying out the relationship before marriage

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23
Q

Chambers

A

Moral panic about lone parent families which has led to a justification to cutting government spendings

24
Q

Nick Spencer’s Study

A

Did find that there was more deviance in crime in lone parenting families, lack of material possessions

25
Q

Engels

A

Engels links monogamy with the privatization of property and monogamy ensured inheritance through legitimate heirs

26
Q

Zeretsky

A

The family supports the capitalist system in two ways
1. Women bring up future workers
2. Act as a unit of consumption

27
Q

Parsons and Bale

A

That the nuclear family is now more privatized which means that there is less pressure of extended family to stay together

28
Q

Fletcher

A

Higher expectations led to higher divorce rates, now based of values rather than economic position

29
Q

Gibson

A

Religious ideologies have weakened, this is the process of secularization

30
Q

Allan and Crowe

A

The changing position for woman has allowed them to gain access to divorce more easily

31
Q

Gash and Cooke

A

There is no link between womans employment and earnings and their likelihood of divorcing

32
Q

Duncombe and Marsen (feminist)

A

Interviewed women and found that increasingly dissatisfied with the men’s involvement in household chores, women have a triple shift to take care of, emotional work, dual burden

33
Q

Cooper (marxist)

A

Family reflects relationships in work, children must obey authority. Ideological conditioning device, those at the bottom must accept their position

34
Q

Smart

A

That it is more useful to think of personal life rather than family life.

35
Q

Calhoun

A

Those gay relationships are to avoid oppression of heterosexual, that becoming less isolated

36
Q

Dunne

A

A study on domestic work on homosexuals found it was less of a negotiation and more of a discussion, as household chores were shared

37
Q

Young and Wilmott

A

Conjugal roles are joint: Both works so pay becomes symmetrical
The nuclear family and privatised, that the weakens of extended families has led to the family being stronger. Husbands more involved in nuclear life

38
Q

Patricia Hill Collins

A

That the oppression of black women is ignored

39
Q

Gershuny

A

That there has been a lagged adaptation, since women roles have changed so drastically and men’s roles only graduality

40
Q

Hakim

A

Critics feminists for constantly complaining about men, add all types of work together, men work more hours on average than women

41
Q

Beajouan

A

80% will cohabite before marriage, the fact woman now is in education so choose to have children at an older age

42
Q

Pahl

A

Men and women are more likely to own their own bank accounts, shift towards equality, if work part time can give women a disadvantage, women are situated in secondary labour market and do not earn as much, only enjoy decision making when they have quality of earning

43
Q

Lawence Stone

A

Up until the 19th century children were a necessity, they have become a financial burden in modern day.
Sons would inherit titles and daughters would be married off

44
Q

Mead

A

The storm and stress is culturally specific

45
Q

Fueri

A

there is a moral panic whereby parents’ fears are unjustified

46
Q

Hugh cunningham

A

the “home habitat” of typical 8-year-olds has shrunk by 25 yards

47
Q

Margo and Dixon

A

Poorer parents-children forced into part time jobs
richer- children into clubs and activities
Gillies found that middle class parents were happier for their child to stand out whereas working class for them not to get into trouble

48
Q

Bhatti

A

Observed that Asian children are brought up much more strictly than another ethnic group

49
Q

McCarthy

A

women still feel like they need to conform to traditional gender norms and what would constitute a “good mother, when families do break up children are brought up by the mother and are labelled as “scoungers”

50
Q

Chambers (childhood)

A

Ideas about “good parenting” has changed for two reasons, firstly, the growth of employment for women and secondly, divorce rates. A public debate about parenting has arisen but she still argues that traditional gender roles are the same

51
Q

Shelley Park

A

Ideology of monomaternalism, can only have one real mother.
-children may be fostered
-step mother, reconstructed family
-polygamous
-same sex
-

52
Q

Anne Gray

A

Study found that many fathers empathized the need to spend quality time with their children on outings rather than domestic work. Pressure of not being involved as much as they would like.
Ester Demott- 25 men, closer and more intimate relationship with kids than oen fathers

53
Q

Palmer

A

Toxic Parenting- Palmer argues that technology is increasingly replacing parenting in order to occupy their children.

54
Q

Klingberg

A

That singlehood has emerged because of 3 different aspects, the digital revolution, the cult of individualisation, and the ageing pop.

55
Q

Trends in birth rates

A

1900-3.5 TFR (Average amount of children a women has)
2023-1.53

56
Q

Trends in family size

A

1921-2.4 children and in 2021, 1.77

sociology YR12 (14 decks)

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