Family short answer questions

Question 1

Explain what is meant by the ‘expressive role’ (2)

Answer 1

It is the functionalist view of the female role in the nuclear family. She is expected to care for the children and tend to the house.

Question 2

Explain the difference between a family and a household (4)

Answer 2

• A family is a group of people who live together with legal, blood or sexual ties
• A household is a group of people living together who do not have any blood, legal or sexual ties

Question 3

Explain what the difference between the ‘birth rate’ and the ‘fertility rate’ (4)

Answer 3

• The birth rate is the amount of babies born per 1000 women in a year
• The fertility rate is the average number of children every women in the UK has during their fertile years, 15-44

Question 4

Explain what is meant by ‘serial monogamy’ (2)

Answer 4

It is a series of long term faithful relationships, usually before marriage

Question 5

Explain what is meant by ‘net migration’ (2)

Answer 5

Net migration is the difference between the amount of immigrants coming into the country and the amount of emergence leaving the country.

Question 6

Explain what is meant by the ‘social construction’ of childhood (2)

Answer 6

Society has created a separate period of time with a different status to adulthood, which should be protected by laws. It is set over a set time period between the ages of 0-16

Question 7

Explain what is meant by the ‘dual burden’ (2)

Answer 7

It is Ferris theory of women having the responsibility of doing paid work and not paid work like looking after the children.

Question 8

Explain what is meant by the ‘matrifocal family’ (2)

Answer 8

A female dominated family, where women head the families and the man plays less of an important role

Question 9

Explain what is meant by the term ‘nuclear’ family (2)

Answer 9

The nuclear family is the functionalist ideal family structure where the parents are legally married with legitimate blood created children or legally adopted children

Question 10

Sugesst two ways in which ‘family life may have a harmful effect on women’ (4)

Answer 10

• Men could be physically violent because they tend to be physically larger and stronger
• Men tent to have higher paid jobs and so have more economic power over the woman

Question 11

Suggest two reason why lone-parent families are more likely to be headed by a female

Answer 11

• The woman automatically gets parental rights and responsibilities
• It is socially unacceptable for women to leave their children and so it is the norm for women to keep the children

Question 12

Suggest two reasons why women might delay having children (4)

Answer 12

• Women may want to establish a stable carrier before having children which could set them back
• Women have more choice and freedom due to the legalisation of the pill/ contraception
• Due to rising house prices women need to be economically stable and financially stable to afford a house

Question 13

Suggest two reasons why there has been an increase in cohabitation. (4)

Answer 13

• Secularisation, less stigma surrounding living without being married and sex before marriage
• Cohabitation has become more socially acceptable

Question 14

Suggest tow reasons why people may migrate to the UK (4)

Answer 14

• For education, students come to learn at the universities here
• Economic migrants, there are more economic opportunities in the UK then they might have at home
• Their country may have a famine or a war and so it is unsafe for them to live there

Question 15

Suggest two ways in which government polices and/ or laws may shape the experience of children today (4)

Answer 15

• Labour introduced a policy that children need to be educated until the age of 18
• Child protection act of 1989= parental opportunity
• Change in adoption laws so more kinds in care are getting homes 2014
• Spare room tax, kinds have to share bed rooms

Question 16

Explain the difference between the expressive role and the instrmental role. (4)

Answer 16

• Expressive role has the responsibility of the childcare and looking after the emotional needs of the family- Woman
• Instrumental role has the responsibility for the economic welfare of the family- Man

Question 17

Suggest two reasons for the decline in the number of first marriages over the past 40 years or so (4)

Answer 17

• Increased fear of divorce
• Decline in stigma attached to cohabiting
• Higher expectations of marriage

Question 18

Suggest two reasons for the fall in infant mortality rate (4)

Answer 18

• Better health care due to the NHS established in 1948

- Improvements in nutrition

Question 19

Identify three ways in which childhood may not be a positive experience for some children (6)

Answer 19

• Children are dependent on their parents due to full time education
• Child abuse at home- dark side of family life- 20,000 calls to childline every week
• Latch key kids may have to spend time a lone while their parents are at work

Question 20

Identify thee ways in which greater ethnic diversity has contributed to family diversity (6)

Answer 20

• Afro Caribbean women are 48% more likely statistically to be a lone parent
• Afro Caribbean women tend to form horizontal extended families in their communities with friends
• South Asian and eastern European families have strong vertically extended families
• lone Eastern European people come to the UK for work increasing the lone family households

Question 21

Identify three reasons why the birth rate has fallen since 1900 (6)

Answer 21

• Woman have more freedom to choose wether or not to have children due to the legalisation of the pill in 1974
• Lower infant mortality rate so there is no need to have ‘insurance babies’
• deindustrialisation, kids are no longer economic assents but economic burden’s

Question 22

Suggest three ways in which the differences between children and adults are becoming less clear in society today (6)

Answer 22

• Sexualisation of children, girls cloths like padded bras and thongs are being made for 12-13 year olds
• Postman believes the development of mass media exposes children to the adult world like porn- 70% of 12 year old boys are accessing porn
• More access to computer games
• Adult hood is being prolonged due to high cost of housing so adults are going back to stay with parents

Question 23

Suggest three effects on society of an ageing population (6)

Answer 23

• Impacting on the dependancy ratio, there is less people to work and more people living on tax
• Old people get very actively involved in society like volunteering
• Particular pressure on the NHS, pensioners get free perceptions but they have increased health needs
• creates pressure of infrastructure, they get a free buss pass
• Returen back to the extended family and help with childcare

Question 24

Identify 3 ways in which adults may control the activities of children (6)

Answer 24

• by controls over children’s time
• by controls over children’s bodies
• by laws making education compulsory

Question 25

Suggest three reasons for the decrease in the death rates since 1900 (6)

Answer 25

• higher living standards
• better sanitation
• improved health care
• safer working conditions

Question 26

Suggest two reasons why there has been an increase in one-person households (4)

Answer 26

• Women have more freedom and better jobs so not getting married and having children
• Divorce men are usually left without the children
• Women outlive men and so old women are living on their own

Question 27

Suggest two ways in which the position of children could be said to have improved over the last one hundred years (4)

Answer 27

• Families have become more centred around their needs instead of the mens needs
• Law have been put in place to insure their safety- 1989
• Children aren’t allowed to work, have to stay in education