Education

Question 0

What is marketisation?

Answer 0

When a school becomes more like a business where parents and children become costumers

Question 1

Who were Chubb and Moe

Answer 1

They are functionalist who wanted to take features from private schools and introduce them in to state schools (marketisation)

Question 2

What is parentocracy?

Answer 2

Parents choice

Question 3

Identify three incentives for schools to get better and raise standards?

Answer 3

League tables
Offsted
Funding formulae

Question 4

Which Prime minister brought in privatisation?

Answer 4

Margaret Thatcher

Question 5

Give two examples of businesses where parts have become privatised

Answer 5

The Royal Mail

The NHS

Question 6

Who is Louis Althusser?

Give a date

Answer 6

A Marxist theorist

1971

Question 7

What are Louis Althusser’s 3 main theories?

Answer 7

1. Ideological state apparatuses
2. Reproduction of social class inequality
3. Legitimation of social class inequality

Question 8

What does Louis Althusser believe the government brought in the education system?

Answer 8

He argues that the government designed the state education system as a method to control the population.

Question 9

what is the funding formula?

What does it do to the school?

Answer 9

It is a certain amount of money for the number of children.

It is an incentive for schools to get more children.

Question 10

What is meant by selection by mortgage?

Answer 10

Students are selected from school depending on where they live, so if you live in a rich area where the mortgage is high then their children are more likely to go to a good, well equipped school.

Question 11

What does selection by mortgage do to classes?

Answer 11

It creates a division between rich and poor.

Question 12

A result of selection by mortgage is that schools are no longer…….?

Answer 12

Meritocratic

Question 13

According to Marxists what 2 things does state education do?

Answer 13

1. gives people skills to work as employees to capitalist employers
2. Creates compliant, passive and obedient work force
3. It also legitimises social class inequality

Question 14

Marxists believe state education severs the interest of ……..???

Answer 14

Capitalists

Question 15

What does the ISA stand for?

Answer 15

Ideological State Apparatus

Question 16

What does the ISA do, according to Marxists?

Answer 16

Convince you of the ideology of capitalism

Question 17

Which parts of society would come under the ISA?

Give 4 examples

Answer 17

Churches/ Religion 
Government 
Education 
Media
ETC.....

Question 18

What does RSA stand for?

Answer 18

Repressive State Apparatus

Question 19

Which parts of society come under RSA?

Give 3 examples

Answer 19

Police
Courts
Army

Question 20

What is the economic base?

Answer 20

It is where the money in made

The capitalist economic system- production

Question 21

What s Raymond Boudon’s positional theory?

Answer 21

He believes there is no social mobility and no meritocracy.

If you are born poor then you will die poor… vice versa

Question 22

what does the ideology of the education system make you believe?
According to Marxists

Answer 22

It makes you believe in

• hierarchy
• being passive
• inequality

Question 23

Who are Bowles and Gintis?

give a date

Answer 23

They are Marxist Theorists who did a study in 1976 called ‘Schooling in Capitalist America’

Question 24

what were two of Bowles and Gintis’s 2 main findings

Answer 24

Hidden Curriculum

Myth of Meritocracy

Question 25

What is the hidden curriculum according to Bowles and Gintis?

Answer 25

It involves students 
-learning to obey authority 
-conforming 
-doing tasks they don't want to do 
It is designed to prepare you for your place in the working class.

Question 26

what was Bowles and Gintis’s correspondence principle?

Answer 26

Features of school life correspond to features of the the Workplace

Question 27

Evaluate Bowles and Gintis’s hidden curriculum theory

Answer 27

Deterministic theory—– humans have minds of their own and don’t have reliable and predictable outcomes.

Autonomy—– human have a degree of power and free will

Agency—– humans have the power to determine things for themselves

Student Passivity—– It suggests we just do what we are told and don’t have freedom or power

Question 28

Define Role Allocation
Give the theorists
What type of theorists are they?

Answer 28

The education process identifying which students will be best suited and skilled to perform particular functions in society.

Davis and More

Functionalists

Question 29

Define Meritocracy
Give the theorists
What type of theorists are they?

Answer 29

Society is based on the principles of each person’s position in the structure being the result of their effort and hard work

Parsons

Functionalists

Question 30

Define Second Socialisation

What type of theorists believe in this theory?

Answer 30

Learning the norms, values, customs and culture of society beyond the family and household

General functionalist theory

Question 31

Define Social Mobility

What type of theorists believe in this theory?

Answer 31

The movement of people from the working classes to the middle or upper classes and vice versa

General functionalist theory

Question 32

Define social solidarity
Give the theorists
What type of theorists are they?

Answer 32

A sense of belonging through the development of shared identity and bonds with peers at school

Durkheim

Functionalist

Question 33

Which functionalist theorist thought of Social solidarity?

They have another theory what is this other theory?

Answer 33

Emile Durkheim= Social solidarity and specialist skills

Question 34

What is Emile Durkheim’s view on education?

Answer 34

She believes that education provides a vital transition of societies norms and values.

Question 35

Who is Paul Willis? What is his main theory on education?

Answer 35

He is a Marxist theorist.

His main theory is counter school subcultures.

Question 36

Describe Willis’s study of ‘the lads’

Answer 36

Willis looked at 12 male pupils- the lads- who had formed a friendship group with a particular attitude to schools.

He used a rage of qualitative research methods including observations and group interviews.

Question 37

Describe Willis’s study of ‘the lads’

Answer 37

Willis looked at 12 male pupils- the lads- who had formed a friendship group with a particular attitude to schools.

He used a rage of qualitative research methods including observations and group interviews.

Question 38

How did WIllis’s lads view the education system?

Answer 38

• The lads felt superior to the teachers and to the conformist students (ear oles)
• They saw no value in gaining qualifications
• They entertained themselves by misbehaving and having a laugh.
• They found school boring and tried to identify with the adult world by smoking, drinking and not wearing school uniform
• The counterculture they formed was strongly sexist and racist and traditionally very masculine
• Manual labour was much more accepted than ‘pen-pushing’

Question 39

How did WIllis’s lads view the education system?

Answer 39

• The lads felt superior to the teachers and to the conformist students (ear oles)
• They saw no value in gaining qualifications
• They entertained themselves by misbehaving and having a laugh.
• They found school boring and tried to identify with the adult world by smoking, drinking and not wearing school uniform
• The counterculture they formed was strongly sexist and racist and traditionally very masculine
• Manual labour was much more accepted than ‘pen-pushing’

Willis’s lads rejected the belief that hard work would lead to success.

Question 40

Who is Glenn Rikowski? What are his theories on education?

Answer 40

• the business takeover of schools

- education as a global market