Education Flashcards
What is marketisation?
When a school becomes more like a business where parents and children become costumers
Who were Chubb and Moe
They are functionalist who wanted to take features from private schools and introduce them in to state schools (marketisation)
What is parentocracy?
Parents choice
Identify three incentives for schools to get better and raise standards?
League tables
Offsted
Funding formulae
Which Prime minister brought in privatisation?
Margaret Thatcher
Give two examples of businesses where parts have become privatised
The Royal Mail
The NHS
Who is Louis Althusser?
Give a date
A Marxist theorist
1971
What are Louis Althusser’s 3 main theories?
- Ideological state apparatuses
- Reproduction of social class inequality
- Legitimation of social class inequality
What does Louis Althusser believe the government brought in the education system?
He argues that the government designed the state education system as a method to control the population.
what is the funding formula?
What does it do to the school?
It is a certain amount of money for the number of children.
It is an incentive for schools to get more children.
What is meant by selection by mortgage?
Students are selected from school depending on where they live, so if you live in a rich area where the mortgage is high then their children are more likely to go to a good, well equipped school.
What does selection by mortgage do to classes?
It creates a division between rich and poor.
A result of selection by mortgage is that schools are no longer…….?
Meritocratic
According to Marxists what 2 things does state education do?
- gives people skills to work as employees to capitalist employers
- Creates compliant, passive and obedient work force
- It also legitimises social class inequality
Marxists believe state education severs the interest of ……..???
Capitalists
What does the ISA stand for?
Ideological State Apparatus
What does the ISA do, according to Marxists?
Convince you of the ideology of capitalism
Which parts of society would come under the ISA?
Give 4 examples
Churches/ Religion Government Education Media ETC.....
What does RSA stand for?
Repressive State Apparatus
Which parts of society come under RSA?
Give 3 examples
Police
Courts
Army
What is the economic base?
It is where the money in made
The capitalist economic system- production
What s Raymond Boudon’s positional theory?
He believes there is no social mobility and no meritocracy.
If you are born poor then you will die poor… vice versa
what does the ideology of the education system make you believe?
According to Marxists
It makes you believe in
- hierarchy
- being passive
- inequality
Who are Bowles and Gintis?
give a date
They are Marxist Theorists who did a study in 1976 called ‘Schooling in Capitalist America’
what were two of Bowles and Gintis’s 2 main findings
Hidden Curriculum
Myth of Meritocracy
What is the hidden curriculum according to Bowles and Gintis?
It involves students -learning to obey authority -conforming -doing tasks they don't want to do It is designed to prepare you for your place in the working class.
what was Bowles and Gintis’s correspondence principle?
Features of school life correspond to features of the the Workplace
Evaluate Bowles and Gintis’s hidden curriculum theory
Deterministic theory—– humans have minds of their own and don’t have reliable and predictable outcomes.
Autonomy—– human have a degree of power and free will
Agency—– humans have the power to determine things for themselves
Student Passivity—– It suggests we just do what we are told and don’t have freedom or power
Define Role Allocation
Give the theorists
What type of theorists are they?
The education process identifying which students will be best suited and skilled to perform particular functions in society.
Davis and More
Functionalists
Define Meritocracy
Give the theorists
What type of theorists are they?
Society is based on the principles of each person’s position in the structure being the result of their effort and hard work
Parsons
Functionalists
Define Second Socialisation
What type of theorists believe in this theory?
Learning the norms, values, customs and culture of society beyond the family and household
General functionalist theory
Define Social Mobility
What type of theorists believe in this theory?
The movement of people from the working classes to the middle or upper classes and vice versa
General functionalist theory
Define social solidarity
Give the theorists
What type of theorists are they?
A sense of belonging through the development of shared identity and bonds with peers at school
Durkheim
Functionalist
Which functionalist theorist thought of Social solidarity?
They have another theory what is this other theory?
Emile Durkheim= Social solidarity and specialist skills
What is Emile Durkheim’s view on education?
She believes that education provides a vital transition of societies norms and values.
Who is Paul Willis? What is his main theory on education?
He is a Marxist theorist.
His main theory is counter school subcultures.
Describe Willis’s study of ‘the lads’
Willis looked at 12 male pupils- the lads- who had formed a friendship group with a particular attitude to schools.
He used a rage of qualitative research methods including observations and group interviews.
Describe Willis’s study of ‘the lads’
Willis looked at 12 male pupils- the lads- who had formed a friendship group with a particular attitude to schools.
He used a rage of qualitative research methods including observations and group interviews.
How did WIllis’s lads view the education system?
- The lads felt superior to the teachers and to the conformist students (ear oles)
- They saw no value in gaining qualifications
- They entertained themselves by misbehaving and having a laugh.
- They found school boring and tried to identify with the adult world by smoking, drinking and not wearing school uniform
- The counterculture they formed was strongly sexist and racist and traditionally very masculine
- Manual labour was much more accepted than ‘pen-pushing’
How did WIllis’s lads view the education system?
- The lads felt superior to the teachers and to the conformist students (ear oles)
- They saw no value in gaining qualifications
- They entertained themselves by misbehaving and having a laugh.
- They found school boring and tried to identify with the adult world by smoking, drinking and not wearing school uniform
- The counterculture they formed was strongly sexist and racist and traditionally very masculine
- Manual labour was much more accepted than ‘pen-pushing’
Willis’s lads rejected the belief that hard work would lead to success.
Who is Glenn Rikowski? What are his theories on education?
- the business takeover of schools
- education as a global market
