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Gyne > Family Planning > Flashcards

Family Planning Flashcards

1
Q

Consist of an active agent and a carrier

A surfactant that immobilizes or kills sperm on contact by destroying the sperm cell membrane.

A

Colitis related method

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2
Q

Colitis related method

Perfect use

A

18%

Typical use 29%

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3
Q

Vaginal spermicides

A

Nonoxynoyl 9 or octoxynol

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4
Q

Not absorbed in the vagina
Reduces risk for vaginosis and STD
Toxic to lactobacilli

A

Vaginal spermicides

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5
Q

A soft saucer shaped device made from polyurethane foam containing nonoxynol-9

A

Sponge

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6
Q

Sponge works in three ways to prevent pregnancy

A

Blocks the cervix
Kills the sperm (spermicide)
Absorb semen

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7
Q

Sponge protection last for

A

24 hours

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8
Q

Sponge pregnant rate per year

A

Nulliparous 9%

Multiparous 20%

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9
Q

Advantage of sponge

A

Easy to use and effective immediately
Inexpensive
Does require a medical exam
Reversible

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10
Q

Sponge disadvantages

A

STD
Difficult in insertion and removal
Vaginal irritation
Messy sex

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11
Q

Side effects of sponge

A

Increase risk of toxic shock syndrome
Do not use after giving birth
Do not use during vaginal bleeding
Do not leave in place longer than 30 hours

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12
Q

Non hormonal barrier methods

A

Diaphragm
Cervical cap
Male condom
Female condom

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13
Q

Thin dome shape membrane of latex rubber or silicone with a flexible spring modeled into the rim.

A

Diaphragm

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14
Q

Diaphragm

Left inside for atleast

A

8hours

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15
Q

Diaphragm

Failure rate

A

12.5% (1st year of use)

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16
Q

Diaphragm

Protective against

A

STD
Tubal infertility
Cervical neoplasia

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17
Q

Diaphragm

Risk

A

Bladder infection
No toxic shock syndrome
Post coital, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole

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18
Q

Diaphragm

Actions

A

Blocks the sperm

Kills the sperms

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19
Q

A cup shaped silicone or rubber device that fits around the cervix

A

Cervical cap

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20
Q

Cervical cap

Near perfect pattern
PR

A

6.1%

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21
Q

Cervical cap

Should not be left in place for more than

A

48hours

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22
Q

Cervical cap

Made of

A

Durable
Hypoallergenic
Silicone rubber

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23
Q

Cervical cap

Reusable for

A

2 years

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24
Q

Cervical cap

Pregnancy rate

A

8-11/100 woman years

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25
Q

Cervical cap

Not associated with increased risk for

A

Cystitis

Toxic shock syndrome

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26
Q

Captures and holds the seminal fluid

Prelubricated with spermicide nonoxynol-9

A

Condom

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27
Q

Condom

Risk of breakage is

A

3%

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28
Q

Condom

Advantage

A

Available

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29
Q

Condom

Disadvantage

A

Motivation is essential

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30
Q

Condom

Reduces the risk

A

STD

Cervical neoplasia

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31
Q

Male condoms made of 2 materials

A

Latex
Polyurethane
Animal tissues

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32
Q

Male condoms

Failure rate

A

3%-6% >30 y/o

8% -10%

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33
Q

Consist of a soft, loose-fitting polyurethane with 2 flexible rings

A

Female condoms

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34
Q

Female condoms pre lubricated with spermicide and intended for onetime use only

With perfect use: PR is

A

2.6%

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35
Q

Female condoms advantages

A

Greater protection against STD

Less likely to rupture

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36
Q

Withdrawal before ejaculation

A

Coitus interruptus

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37
Q

Colitis interruptus

Advantage

A

Immediately available

No cost

38
Q

Colitis interruptus

Failure rate

A

6.7 per 100 woman years

39
Q

Method of avoiding pregnancy based on the natural postpartum infertility that occurs when a woman is amenorrheic and fully breast feeding

A

Lactation amenorrhea

40
Q

Lactation amenorrhea

A

Kailanagn walang ibang pagkain si baby, breast feeding lang.

41
Q

Lactation amenorrhea

Ovulation is suppressed during lactation

A

Increased prolactin

Decrease GnRH

42
Q

Lactation amenorrhea

Suppression is influence by

A

Frequency and duration
Time since birth
Nutritional status
Type of feeding

43
Q

Periodic abstinence

Abstinence- substrate 21 from the shortest cycle, first day is the wet day.
End of fertile period - 3 days from shift of BBT

A

Symptothermal method

44
Q

Periodic abstinence

Efficacy

A

3-1% probability of pregnancy for perfect use

86.% others

45
Q

Periodic abstinence

Factors affecting efficacy

A

Sperm survival
Ovulation may occur without menses
Vaginal infection

46
Q

Intrauterine devices

Main benefits

A

High level of effectiveness
Lack of associated systemic metabolic effects
Need for only a single act of motivation for long term use

47
Q

Intrauterine devices

Types of IUd

A

1960- plastic, polyethylene with barium sulfate
1970- smaller plastic device with copper
1980- larger amount of copper

48
Q

Intrauterine devices

Mechanism of action

A

Formation of biologic foam

49
Q

Intrauterine devices

Contains

A

Fibrin
Phagocytic enzymes
Proteolytic enzymes

50
Q

Intrauterine devices

Time of insertion

A

During menses ( before)
Any day of the cycle provided the woman is not pregnant
2-3 months post partum
After vaginal or Caesarian delivery

51
Q

Intrauterine devices

Effectiveness

A

0-2-1.1/100 woman years

52
Q

Intrauterine devices

Benefits

A

Excellent contraception
Protection against ectopic pregnancy
Reduced menstrual bleeding

53
Q

Intrauterine devices

Infection

A

Increase only for the 1st 4 months

54
Q

Intrauterine devices

Adverse effect

A
55
Q

Intrauterine devices

Other adverse effect

A

Uterine bleeding
Perforation
Pelvic inflammatory disease

56
Q

IUD in pregnancy

String available

A

Remove IUD

57
Q

IUD in pregnancy

Not visible string

A

Ultrasound examination

58
Q

IUD in pregnancy

Mngt

A

Therapeutic abortion
Removal of IUD
Continuation of pregnancy

59
Q

IUD in pregnancy

Hormonal methods

A

Progestin only OC
Implants
Injectables

60
Q

Method to help a couple determine when sexual intercourse can and cannot result to pregnancy

A

Natural family planning

61
Q

Periodic abstinence methods

A

Calendar rhythm method
Billings/ ovulation method
Symptothermal method
Temperature method

62
Q

Calendar method

A

Rhythm or standard

63
Q

Calendar method

Calculating the length of individual woman’s precious me trial cycle

A

Rhythm method

64
Q

Rhythm method

Calculation

A

18 days from the length of her previous shortest cycle

11 days from her previous longest cycle

65
Q

Rhythm method

Rationale: the human ovum is capable of being fertilized for only about

A

24 hours after ovulation

66
Q

Rhythm method

Rationale

Spermatozoa retain their fertilizing ability for

A

48hours after coitus

67
Q

Rhythm method

Rationale

A

Ovulation occurs 12-16 days before the onset of subsequent menses

68
Q

Most effective for woman who have a cycles between 26-32 days long

A

Standard days method

69
Q

How to use the standard days method

A

Count the first day of period as day 1
On days 1-7 you are not fertile
On days 8-19 fertile
On 20 days until period starts not fertile

70
Q

Often referred to simply as fertility awareness methods rather than NFP

A

Symptoms based

71
Q

Three primary signs of a woman’s fertility are her

A

Basal body temp
Cervical mucus
Cervical position

72
Q

Body temp

A

Lower before ovulation and rises slightly to about 0.2 degree celcius

So dapat walang kantot simula magkaroon ng menses hangganga hindi bumaba ba yung temp

73
Q

After menses

4 days after peak wet days

A

Billings method

74
Q

Billings method

A

Walang kantot from onset of cervical mucus symptom until three days after the last day of fertile-type secretions

75
Q

Symptothermal method involves observing changes in the

A

Cervical secretions
Change in the BBT
Own calendar calculations

76
Q

Most common form of fertility control in US

A

Surgical sterilization

Mean age is 30 years

Laparoscopy in women and vasectomy in men

77
Q

Female sterilization

5 commonly used procedures

A

Tubal sterilization at the time of laparotomy
Postpartum mini laparotomy after vaginal delivery
Internal mini laparotomy
Laparoscopy
Hysteroscopy

78
Q

Surgical technique

Loop of tube excised after lighting the base of loop with single absorbable suture (avascular)

A

Pomeroy technique

79
Q

Surgical technique

Ends of the tube are separately ligated with absorbable suture

A

Modified Pomeroy technique

80
Q

Surgical technique

An avascular site is in mesosalpinx is perforated
The oviduct is separated
Proximal and distal end is lagated
Failure rate is 1/400

A

Parkland technique

81
Q

Surgical technique

Loop of the tube crushed by cross clamping the base, ligated with permanent suture and then excised

A

Madlener technique

82
Q

Abandoned ba cause of too many failure rates

A

Mad lender

83
Q

Surgical technique

Mid portion of the tube is excised
Failure rates - 0

A

Irving technique

84
Q

A saline epinephrine solution is injected beneath the mucosa to separate it from underlying tube

A

Uichida technique

0 failure rate

85
Q

Double ligation of oviduct with silk suture
Excision of fimbriated end
Removal of all of the distal tube to effect sterilization

A

Fimriectomy tech

86
Q

Abdomen is inflated with gas(carbon dioxide or N20) via a spinal needle inserted at the lower margin of the umbilicus

A

Laparoscopy

87
Q

Laparoscopic tech

Mid isthmic portion of the tube and adjacent mesosalpinx are grasped with special forceps coagulating 3cms of the tube

A

Bipolar electric coagulation

88
Q

Laparoscopic tech

Mid portion of the tube is grasped with tongs that has the ring stretched around it

A

Application of falope ring

89
Q

Laparoscopic tech

Mid isthmic portion of the tube and adjacent mesosalpinx are grasped with special bipolar forceps coagulating 3cms of the tube.

A

Application of plastic of metal clip (hulk a clip)

90
Q

Mga importante lang to, need parin basahin kahit yung trans.

A

Okay

Gyne (2 decks)

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