FAMILY PLANNING

Question 1

Warning Signs of Pills

Answer 1

Abdominal pain (severe)
● Chest pain (severe)
● Headache (severe)
● Eye problems (blurred vision, flashing lights, blindness)
● Severe leg pain (calf or thigh)
● Others: depression, jaundice, breast lumps

Question 2

IUD (Intrauterine Device)

Answer 2

● Period late, no symptoms of pregnancy, abnormal bleeding or spotting
● Abdominal pain during intercourse
● Infection or abnormal vaginal discharge
● Not feeling well, has fever or chills
● String is missing or has become shorter or longer

Question 3

WARNING SIGNS:
Injectables

Answer 3

● Dizziness
● Severe headache
● Heavy bleeding BTL
● Fever
● Weakness
● Rapid pulse
● Persistent abdominal pain
● Vomiting
● Dizziness

Question 4

NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING

Answer 4

● The natural family planning methods do notinclude any chemical or foreign bodyintroduction into the human body. Most peoplewho are very conscious of their religious beliefsare more inclined to use the natural way of birthcontrol. Some want to use natural methodsbecause it is more cost effective.

Question 5

● This natural method involves abstaining from sexual intercourse and is the most effective natural birth control method with ideally 0% fail rate.
● It is also the most effective way to avoid STls

Answer 5

Abstinence

Question 6

In this method, you use past menstrual cycles to estimate the time of your ovulation. When used on its own, this is the least reliable method of birth control. It should be avoided if your menstrual cycles are shorter than 26 days or longer than 32 days.

Answer 6

Calendar rhythm method ( CALENDAR METHOD )

Question 7

CALENDAR METHOD EXAMPLE:

Answer 7

Example:

● shortest day - 26-18 = 8th of th month firstfertile day

● longest day - 29-11= 18th of the month lastfertile day ○ no vaginal coitus from 8th of themonth to 18th of the month.

Question 8

● The basal body temperature is the woman’s temperature at rest.
● BBT falls at 0.5°F before the day of ovulation and during ovulation, it rises to a full degree because of progesterone and maintains its level throughout the menstrual cycle, and this is the basis for the method
● The woman must take her temperature early every morning before any activity, and if she notices that there is a slight decrease and then an increase in her temperature, this is a sign that she has ovulated.
● The woman must abstain from coitus for the next 3 days.
● The BBT method has an ideal fail rate of 9% and has a typical use fail rate of 25%.

Answer 8

BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE

Answer 9

CERVICAL MUCUS METHOD

Question 10

The symptothermal method is simply a combination of the BBT method and the cervical mucus method.
● The woman takes her temperature every morning before getting up and also takes note of any changes in her cervical mucus every day.
● She abstains from coitus 3 days after a rise in her temperature or on the fourth day after the peak of a mucus change.
● Symptothermal method has an ideal failure rate of 2%.

Answer 10

Symptothermal Method

Question 11

●This is one of the oldest methods of contraception.
● The couple still proceeds with the coitus, but the man withdraws the moment he ejaculates to emit the spermatozoa outside of the vagina.
● The disadvantage of this method is the pre-ejaculation fluid that contains a few spermatozoa that may cause fertilization.
● Coitus interruptus is only 75% effective because of this.

Answer 11

Coitus Interruptus

Question 12

These hormonal contraceptives are effective through manipulation of the hormones that directly affect the normal menstrual cycle so that ovulation would not occur.

Answer 12

Hormonal Contraception

Question 13

● Also known as the pill, oral contraceptives contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone.
● Estrogen suppresses the FSH and LH to suppress ovulation, while progesterone decreases the permeability of the cervical mucus to limit the sperm’s access to the ova.
● To use the pill, it is recommended that the woman takes the first pill on the first Sunday after the beginning of a menstrual flow, or the
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woman may choose to start the pill as soon as it is prescribed.

Answer 13

Oral Contraceptives

Question 14

● The transdermal patch has a combination of both estrogen and progesterone in a form of a patch.
● For three weeks, the woman should apply one patch every week on the following areas: upper outer arm, upper torso, abdomen, or buttocks.
● At the fourth week, no patch is applied because the menstrual flow would then occur.
● The area where the patch is applied should be clean, dry, free from any applications. And without any redness or irritation.
● Patches can be worn while bathing or swimming, but when the woman notices that the patch is loose, she should immediately replace the patch.
● If the patch has been loose for less than 24 hours, the woman need not use an alternative form of contraceptive, out if she is not sure of how long the patch has been loose, she should replace it and start with a new week cycle and also use an additional contraceptive method.

Answer 14

Transdermal Patch

Question 15

are two rod-like implants embedded under the skin of the woman during her menses or on the 7th day of her menstruation to make sure that she is not pregnant.
● It contains etonogestrel, desogestrel, and progestin.
● It is effective for 3 to 5 years.
● Subdermal implants have a fail rate of 1%.

Answer 15

Subdermal Implants

Question 16

injection consists of medroxyprogesterone, a progesterone, and given once every 12 weeks intramuscularly.
● The injection inhibits ovulation and causes changes in the endometrium and the cervical mucus.
● After administration the site should not be massaged so it could absorb slowly.
● It has an effectiveness of almost 100%, making it one of the most popular choices for birth control.
● Advise the woman to ingest an adequate amount of calcium in her diet as there is a risk for decreased of bone mineral density and to engage in weight-bearing exercises.

Answer 16

Hormonal Injection

Question 17

is a small, T-shaped object that is inserted into the uterus via the vagina.
● It prevents fertilization by creating a local sterile inflammatory condition to prevent implantation.
● The IUD is fitted only by the physician and inserted after the woman’s menstrual flow to be sure that she is not pregnant.
● The device contains progesterone and is effective for 5 to 7 years.
● A woman with IUD is advised to check the flow of her menstruation every month and the IUD string, and also to have a pelvic examination yearly.

Answer 17

(IUD) Intrauterine Device

Question 18

a latex or synthetic rubber sheath that is placed on the erect penis before vaginal penetration to trap the sperm during ejaculation.
● It can prevent STIs and can be bought over-the -counter without any fitting needed.
● Male condoms have an ideal fail rate of 2% and a typical fail rate of 15% due to a break in the sheath’s integrity or spilling.
● After sexual intercourse, the condom is removed to be disposed.

Answer 18

Male Condoms

Question 19

performed by occluding the fallopian tubes through cutting, cauterizing, or blocking to inhibit the passage of the both the sperm and the ova.
● After menstruation and before ovulation, the procedure is done through a small incision under the woman’s umbilicus
● A laparoscope is used to visualize the surgery, and the patient is under local anesthesia
● The woman may return to her sexual activities after 2 to 3 days of the operation.
● Educate that menstrual cycle would still occur, and make sure that coitus before ligation is protected to avoid ectopic pregnancy.
● The effectiveness of this method is at 99.5%.
● The reproductive system is our tool humans multiply or procreate. However, unlivable if the growth of the population continues to boom. You have a choice among all these birth control methods, and these are only a call to be responsible parent and citizen.

Answer 19

Tubal Ligation

Question 20

latex rubber sheaths that are specially designed for females and pre lubricated with spermicide.
● It has an inner ring that covers the cervix and an outer, open ring that is placed against the vaginal opening.
● These are disposable and require no prescription.
● The fail rate of female condoms is 12% to 22%.

Answer 20

Female Condoms

Question 21

Males undergo vasectomy, which is executed through a small incision made on each side of the scrotum.
● The vas deferens is then tied, cauterized, cut, or plugged to block the passage of the sperm.
● This procedure is done with local anesthesia, so advise the patient that mild local pain can be felt after the procedure.
● Advise the patient to use a back-up contraceptive method until two negative sperm count results are performed because the sperm could remain viable in the vas deferens for 6 months.
● There is a 99.5% accuracy rate for vasectomy and has a few complications.

Answer 21

Vasectomy

Question 22

another barrier method that is made of soft rubber and fitted on the rim of the cervix.
● It is shaped like a thimble with a thin rim, and could stay in place for not more than 48 hours.

Answer 22

cervical cap

Question 23

is derived from two words. Aroma - meaning fragrance or smell and Therapy - meaning treatment.

Answer 23

Aromatherapy

Question 24

can be defined as the art and science of utilizing naturally extracted aromatic essences from plants to balance, harmonize and promote the health of body, mind and spirit.

Answer 24

AROMATHERAPHY

Question 25

BENEFITS OF AROMATHERAPY

Answer 25

● Improves sleep quality

● Reduces stress and anxiety

● Boosts immunity

● Relieves pain

● Improves digestion

● Soothes muscle and joint pain

Question 26

RISKS

Answer 26

Each essential oil has its own chemical makeup and reason for use, so it is important to speak with a trained aromatherapist, nurse, doctor, physical therapist, massage therapist or pharmacist before applying or using an oil for healing purposes.
● A trained professional can recommend and teach how to use each product, giving proper instructions on application or dilution.
● Consumers should also be aware that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration does not monitor aromatherapy products, so it can be difficult to know whether or not a product is pure or if it is contaminated or synthetic.
● Some beauty and household products, such as lotions, make-up, and candles contain products that may appear to be essential oils, but they are really synthetic fragrances.
● Like medications, essential oils must be treated with respect. It is important to seek professional advice and to follow instructions carefully.

Question 27

spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, and glycerin films are also used to cause the death of sperms before they can enter the cervix and also lower the pH level of the vagina so it will not become conducive for the sperm.

Answer 27

Chemical Barriers

Question 28

works by inhibiting the entrance of the sperm into the vagina.
● It is re circular , rubber disk that fits the cervix and should be placed
● If a spermicide is combined with the use of a diaphragm, there is a failure rate of 6% ideally and 16% typically.
● The diaphragm should be fisted on by the physician, and should
● It can be left in place for not more than 24 hours to avoid inflammation or irritation.

Answer 28

DIAPHRAGM