Family & Cultural Assessment

Question 1

Family health history components

Answer 1

Genetic predisposition
Affected by family disease, illness, health habits (ex, secondhand smoke)
All genetic relatives- parents, grandparents, children & spouse (for the children)

Question 2

Helpful tool to organize & demonstrate FHx

Answer 2

Genogram- allows quick summary of FHx
- easy to draw
- need key
- circles- female
- squares- male
- lines- relationship

Question 3

Cultural assessment

Answer 3

The nonphysical attributes of a person- thoughts, communications, actions, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious or social groups

Question 4

What does the patient’s cultural background affect?

Answer 4

Definitions of health
Health practices
Treatments
Barriers to care
“What do you believe are your barriers to care?”

Question 5

Four characteristics

Answer 5

Learned
Shared
Adapted
Dynamic

Question 6

What are learned characteristics of cultural competence

Answer 6

Birth through processes of language acquisition and socialization

Question 7

What are shared characteristics of cultural competence?

Answer 7

By all members of the same cultural group

Question 8

What are adapted characteristics of cultural competence?

Answer 8

Adapted to specific conditions related to environmental and technical factors and to availability of natural resources

Question 9

What are dynamic characteristics of cultural competence?

Answer 9

Ever changing

Question 10

What is the definition of cultural care?

Answer 10

Professional health care that is culturally sensitive, appropriate and competent

Question 11

What are the 5 components of cultural competence?

Answer 11

Awareness
Skill
Knowledge
Encounters
Desire

Question 12

What does ethnicity mean?

Answer 12

It is a description of a group of people who are united by:
- common geographic region
- migratory status
- religion
- race
- language
- shared values, traditions, symbols
- food preferences

Question 13

Why is a cultural assessment so important?

Answer 13

• Who are we meeting?
• Where are they from?
• Do they read, understand, and speak English?
• To learn what the patient’s beliefs and behaviors associated with health and illness:
• causes
• caregiving
• expected treatments
• daily hygiene
• food preferences & rituals
• religious beliefs associated with healthcare
  To assess the patient’s health relative to disease prevalent in the specific cultural group (AA males & HTN)

Question 14

What are the factors affecting a pt’s approach to providers?

Answer 14

Ethnicity- AA pts don’t trust white HCPs
Generational status- may be uncomfortable with a younger provider
Educational level
Religion
Prior healthcare experience
Occupation & income level
Beliefs about time & space
Communication needs/ preferences (ex: Asian and American pts tend to keep space between them)

Question 15

What are some examples of health behaviors affected by religion?

Answer 15

• connection to something bigger than them
  Folk healer
  Pilgrimage
  meditating
  Willingness to undergo physical examination

Question 16

What are some cultural factors related to pain?

Answer 16

Pain is a personal experience that depends on cultural learning, the situation, and factors unique to the individual
ex;
Asian pts value controlling the pain
Latins & southern Europeans value openly expressing it

Explain why you are exploring the pain- so you can treat it

Question 17

What are some cultural factors related to blood products, transfusions and organ donations?

Answer 17

Jehovah’s Witness- will not accept blood products or transfusions
Organ donation and autopsy- are not accepted by Christian scientists, Orthodox Jews, greeks, and some Spanish-speaking groups
AA- donate organs less yet they tend to require the larger amount of organs

Question 18

What are some cultural factors related to diet and nutrition?

Answer 18

Meaning of food
Rituals surrounding food
Distribution of food in 24 hours
Fasting- Ramadan- sun up to sundown
Very resistant to change d/t the meaning of food, comfort, caring, ethnic roots, and family

Question 19

What is the main thing to remember when dealing with cultural considerations?

Answer 19

RESPECT:
- Realize your cultural values, heritage, biases & health beliefs, and practices.
- Examine within the patients culture
- Select- appropriate questions
- Encourage- discussion
- Check- understanding
- Touch- within appropriate cultural boundaries

Question 20

Linguistic competence

Answer 20

Title VI of the civil rights act of 1964
- services cannot be denied to people of limited English proficiency
- Most common language is Spanish
- Limited English Proficiency pts are at risk for poor health outcomes that the language barrier causes–> interpreters are important