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Tropical Botany > Families for Exam > Flashcards

Families for Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Anacardiaceae Flowers

A 
Terminal or axillary panicle 
Small actinomorphic flower 
Pentamerous 
Bi-sexual 
Complete flower 
Monecious (Monecious means having male and female flowers on one plant) 
Dicot because it has more than 3 flower parts aka pentamerous 
Nectariferous disk 
Superior ovary (gynophore) 
The cashew apple is the accesory fruit 
Sometimes synpetalous 
1 carpel
1 long stigma 
Inconspicuous
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2
Q

Anacardiaceae Leaves

A 
Long 
Elliptical 
Pinnately Compound 
Whorled if on the cashew 
Exudate sap
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3
Q

Anacardiaceae type

A

Shrubs or Trees

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4
Q

Anacardiaceae Usage

A 
Food 
Alcohol 
Oil 
Timber 
Insecticides and Plastics from resin
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5
Q

Anacardiaceae Roots and Stem

A

Tap Root and erect woody stem

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6
Q

Anacardiaceae Distribution

A

Tropical and Subtropical

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7
Q

Anacardiaceae Latin Name for Cashew

A

Anacardium occidentale

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8
Q

Apiaceae type

A

herbs (perennial, biannual, annual), a few shrubs and trees

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9
Q

Apiaceae usage

A 
food (carrot, parsley) 
Oil
Essential oils
Traditional medicine 
Ornamentals
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10
Q

Apiaceae Distribution

A

Cosmpolitan but they prefer temperate climates

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11
Q

Apiaceae Flowers

A 
Umbel (flat-topped clustered attach at a single point) 
Pentamerous 
Inferior ovary 
Bi-sexual 
Terminal
Aromatic 
2 swollen styles 
Small (usually yellow or white) 
Ex-stipulate 
2 locules
Actinomorphic 
Stamens are bent inwards
Aestivation is valvate or imbricate
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12
Q

Apiaceae Leaves and Stem

A 
Pinnate 
Alternate
Hollow stems
Aromatic leaves
Sessile (no petiole) 
Reticulate venation
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13
Q

Apiaceae Roots

A

Tap root system

Carrot is a conicle (enlarged tap root)

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14
Q

Apiaceae Pollination

A

huggeee variety of insects like in the J.B. Garden

also wind

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15
Q

Apiaceae Fruit

A

Schizocarp (a dry indehiscent fruit) that splits into 2 mericarps

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16
Q

Apiaceae Latin name for carrot

A

Daucus carota

17
Q

Apocynaceae Distribution

A

Topical and Subtropical

18
Q

Apocynaceae Type

A

Shrubs, Herbs, Trees, woody vines

19
Q

Apocynaceae Latin Name for Perwinkle

A

Vinca Minor

20
Q

Apocynaceae Flower

A 
Gamepetolous (fused calyx and corolla) 
Pentamerous 
Bi sexual 
Actnimorphic 
2 locules united by a single style
Numerous ovules 
hairy stamen 
Epipetoulous: Stamen fused to the petals 
Superior ovary
Valvate 
Alternately arranged 
Exstipulate 
Cymose 
Corolla tube
21
Q

Leaves and Stem of Apocynaceae

A 
MILKY POISON SAP 
woody erect stem 
alternate 
Entire margin 
Simple 
Sometimes sessile
22
Q

Apocynaceae Usage

A

Ornamentals (Vinca minor)
Medicine (blood pressure)
Rubber
Posion

23
Q

Araceae Distribution

A

Tropical but grown all over the world

24
Q

Araceae Type

A

Epiphytes, Climbers, Herbs, Aquatics, Geophytes

25
Q

Araceae Flower

A 
Spadix 
Spathe (just a brightly colored bract) 
The Calyx and Corolla are usually indistinguishable) 
Sometimes male and female parts are in different sections (female on the bottom then a sterile section then a male section and appendix 
Tiny flowers
1-50 carpels 
Thermogenic or producing a foul smell 
Syncarpous gynoecium
Bisexual or unisexual 
When unisexual monecious
Very short peduncle
Multiple stamens
Sessile flowers
Superior ovary 
Inverted ovules  (anatropous)
26
Q

Araceae Leaves and Stem

A 
Perforated
Sometimes compound 
Sometimes with drip tip 
Deeply lobed
Sheathing base 
Can also have simple or fenestrate leaves 
Parallel leaves
Pinnate venation
Waxy leaves 
Heteroblasty
27
Q

Araceae Roots

A

Corms (taro), Rhizomes, Tubers

In climbers: anchor and feed roots

28
Q

Araceae Latin Name

A

Monstera Deliciosa

29
Q

Araceae Usage

A 
Ornamentals 
Edibles 
Arrow poison 
Fibers
Lemonoide can remove heavy metals from the water
30
Q

Arecaceae Latin Name for coconut tree

A

Cocos Nucifera

31
Q

Arecaceae Roots

A

Adventitious

32
Q

Arecaceae Usage

A 
Food
Ornamentals
Oils 
Fibers
Timber 
Wax 
Stimulants
33
Q

Arecaceae Distribution

A

Pantropical but extends to subtropical

34
Q

Arecaceae Stems and leaves

A 
Palmate//Costapalmate 
Unbranched 
Leaf scars on the trunks 
Sheathed Basally 
Alternate 
Spiral 
Plicate 
Crown (at the head of the tree)
35
Q

Arecaceae type

A

Mostly trees, arborescent, lianas

36
Q

Arecaceae Flowers

A 
Made up of dyads and tryads 
Dyads come in several combinations (perfect - perfect, staminate -staminate, perfect - staminate) 
Tryads ALWAYS 2 male and 1 female 
Trimerous flowers and calyx 
Tri-lobed stigma 
Wind, insect, or bird pollinated 
Usually around 6 stamen but up to infinity 
Ofen in inflorescences 
Superior ovary 
Small flowers
Produced in large numbers 
Fused carpels (1, 3, or 4) 
Sometimes pistilloides in flowers 
Actinomorophic 
Gynocium is apocarpic 
Simple or compound spike or branched panicle: usually a spadix
Can be moncieous or diecous 
Valvate or imbricate aestivation
37
Q

Arecaceae Inflorescence

A

Drupe
Usually single seeded
Berry
Infructenensce

Tropical Botany (2 decks)

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