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Families and households > Families and social policy > Flashcards

Families and social policy Flashcards

1
Q

What is social policy?

A
  • refers to the plans and actions of state agencies, such as health and social services
  • policies are usually based on laws introduced by government that provide a framework within which these agencies operate
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2
Q

What is China one child policy and how was it supervised?

A
  • 1970s to 2015, the Chinese governments population control policy aimed at discouraging couples from having more than one child
  • supervised by workplace family planning committees > women seek their permission to get pregnant
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3
Q

How did Chinas one child policy impact families?

A
  • couples who compiled got extra benefits such as free child healthcare & higher tax allowances
  • those who didn’t had to pay a fine & repay allowances
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4
Q

What policies were introduced in Romania in the 1980s?

A
  • policies to drive up birth rate e.g. restricting abortion, contraception, legal age of marriage lowered to 15 etc
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5
Q

What is the generic functionalist view on society and thus social policies & the family?

A
  • see society as built on harmony & consensus
  • see the state as acting in the interests of society as a whole and policies being good for all
  • see policies as helping families to perform their functions more effectively
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6
Q

What does Fletcher argue about social policies?

A
  • the introduction of health, education and housing policies has gradually led to to the development of a welfare state that supports the family in performing its function effectively
  • e.g. NHS help of doctors, nurses medicines means the family is able to take care of it members when sick
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7
Q

What are the criticisms of the functionalist perspective on family policy?

A
  • assumes all members of the family benefit from social policies equally e.g. feminist viewpoint
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8
Q

What is Donzelot generic view on society & policy?

A
  • conflict view on society
  • sees policy as a form of state power & control over families
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9
Q

Whose concept does Donzelot use to apply to families?

A
  • uses Foucault’s concept of surveillance who sees power as diffused throughout society to explain the policing of families
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10
Q

What does Donzelot argue?

A
  • Donzelot argues that social workers, health visitors & doctors use their knowledge to control & change families > (‘policing of families’) by turning them into cases to be dealt with
  • surveillance not targeted equally on all social classes
  • professionals target poor families for ‘improvement’ as they are likely to be seen as ‘problem’ families
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11
Q

What does Condry note similar to Donzelot?

A
  • the state may seek to control & regulate family life by imposing compulsory parenting orders through the courts> parents learn correct ways to bring up children
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12
Q

How may Donzelot be criticised?

A
  • fails to identify clearly who benefits from such policies > - Marxists argue that these policies operate in the interest of the capitalist class
  • feminist = interests of men
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13
Q

What is the New rights view on the family and thus policy?

A
  • strongly in favour of the conventional traditional nuclear family based on a married heterosexual couple> see this family type as self reliant & capable of caring & providing for its members
  • especially the successful socialisation of children
  • the less the state interferes the better family life will be > greater self reliance
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14
Q

What laws undermine the nuclear family according to the New right?

A
  • laws making divorce easier > undermine marriage as a lifelong commitment between men and women
  • civil partnerships > sends message that the state no longer sees heterosexual marriage as superior
  • Tax laws > discriminate against conventional families with a sole breadwinner
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15
Q

Give examples of welfare benefit policies

A
  • council housing for unmarried teenage mothers
  • cash payments to lone parent families
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16
Q

How does Murray argue that welfare benefits undermine the conventional nuclear family?

A
  • encourages dysfunctional family types & offer a ‘perverse incentive’ & encourages a dependency culture
  • e.g. fathers will abandon responsibilities if they see the state will maintain their children
  • council housing encourages young girls to become pregnant
  • more boys grow up without a male role model > inadequate socialisation > increase crime
17
Q

What two essential functions does welfare benefits threaten?

A
  • successful socialisation of the young
  • maintenance of the work ethic among men
18
Q

How is the New right view criticised?

A
  • wrongly assumes that the patriarchal NF is natural rather than socially constructed > feminist see as an attempt to justify a return to traditional patriarchal NF that subordinated women to men & confined them to a domestic role
  • ignore policies that promote the NF e.g. maternity leave
19
Q

What was the New Rights influence on conservative governments?

A
  • 1979-97 Thatcher banned the promotion of homosexuality by local authorities
  • also defined divorce as a social problem > set up child support agency to enforce maintenance payments from absent parents
20
Q

What was the New Rights influence on New labour governments?

A
  • introduced parenting orders for parents of truants & young offenders > emphasised that parents should take responsibility for their children
21
Q

What is the general view of feminist on society and thus policy?

A
  • take a conflict view
  • see society as patriarchal benefiting men at women’s expense
  • state and its policies help to maintain women’s subordinate position & the unequal DOL in the family
22
Q

What does Feminists Land argue?

A
  • that social policies assume that the ideal family is the patriarchal NF with a male provider & female homemaker plus their dependent children
  • effects of policies is to reinforce this particular type of family, creating a self fulfilling prophecy e.g. tax incentives to married couples > discourages other family types
23
Q

What policies support the patriarchal nuclear family?

A
  • Tax & benefit policies > assumes that husbands are the main wage earners & wives are financial dependents
  • childcare> women restricted from working
  • care for sick & the elderly> assume family will provide the care ‘sandwich generation’
  • maternity leave > encourages assumption that the care of infants is the responsibility of mothers
    also low > increases economic dependence
  • child benefit paid to mother> assumes child’s welfare is primarily her responsibility
24
Q

How is the feminist view criticised?

A
  • not all policies maintain the patriarchy e.g. equal pay act and sex discrimination act, refuges for women escaping DV

Families and households (5 decks)

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