families

Question 1

f- Parsons (theories)

Answer 1

nuclear family is the functional fit for modern life

Question 2

f- Parsons (theories)- functions

Answer 2

socialisation and stabilisation of adult personalities- warm bath theory

Question 3

f- Murdock (theories)

Answer 3

4 functions; sexual, reproduction, socialisation, economic.

Question 4

Young and Willmott (theories)

Answer 4

the pre-industrial family was nuclear.

Question 5

New Right- Murray (theories)

Answer 5

lone parent familes growing from welfare state

Question 6

m- Engels (theories)

Answer 6

inheritance of private property – men want their money going to their kids

Question 7

m- Zaretsky (theories)

Answer 7

cushioning effect- haven’ from the harsh world of capitalism outside

Question 8

m- Zaretsky (theories)- UOC

Answer 8

Unit of consumption- targeted by society to buy

Question 9

m- Althusser (theories)

Answer 9

family socialises the next generation into the ruling class ideology

Question 10

Donzelot (theories)

Answer 10

sees policy as a form of state power and control over families, surveillance

Question 11

fe- Benston (theories)

Answer 11

argued that capitalism benefits from an army of women – an unpaid workforce

Question 12

fe- Greer (theories)

Answer 12

the creation of all-female or ‘matrilocal’ households as an alternative to the heterosexual family.

Question 13

fe- Ansley (theories)

Answer 13

women are the takers of shit

Question 14

PM- Giddens (theories)

Answer 14

traditional norms, such as the duty to remain with the same partner for life, lose their importance - individualisation thesis.

Question 15

PM- Stacey (theories)

Answer 15

women had often created new types of family that better suited their needs- e.g‘divorce extended family’,

Question 16

PLP- Smart (theories)

Answer 16

we live within networks of existing relationships, and these strongly influence our choices in relationships- connectedness thesis.

Question 17

Donzelot (impact of policies on family life)

Answer 17

‘the policing of families’- social workers and doctors use their knowledge to control and change families

Question 18

Murray (impact of policies on family life)

Answer 18

providing ‘generous’ welfare benefits, such as council housing to support lone-parent families, undermines the nuclear family

Question 19

Hirsch (impact of policies on family life)

Answer 19

social policies will need to change to tackle the new problems posed by an ageing population- e.g increase pension age

Question 20

Abbott and Wallace (impact of policies on family life)

Answer 20

cutting benefits would drive many poor families into even greater poverty and make them even less self-reliant.

Question 21

Giddens (changing family patterns)

Answer 21

family and marriage is better due to greater choice and equality

Question 22

Rapoport and Rapoport (changing family patterns)

Answer 22

identified five types of family diversity: cultural, life course, organisational, generational, social class

Question 23

Smart (changing family patterns)

Answer 23

argue that same-sex relationships offer greater possibilities of equality

Question 24

Fletcher (changing family patterns)

Answer 24

argues that the higher expectations people place on marriage today are a major cause of rising divorce rates.

Question 25

Chester (changing family patterns)

Answer 25

cohabitation is part of the process of getting married

Question 26

Oakley (gender roles)

Answer 26

argues that the New Right wrongly assume that husbands and wives’ roles are fixed by biology.

Question 27

ferri and smith (gender roles- evidence)

Answer 27

fathers responsible for kids in less than 4% of homes

Question 28

Ball (gender roles- evidence)

Answer 28

3/70 families studied has the father s the main carer

Question 29

Bott (gender roles)

Answer 29

joint and segregated conjugal roles.

Question 30

Willmott and Young (gender roles)

Answer 30

family roles and relationships have become more symmetrical.

Question 31

Parsons (gender roles)

Answer 31

argues that this division of labour is based on biological differences- expressive and instrumental

Question 32

Dobash and Dobash (gender roles)

Answer 32

argue that marriage legitimates violence against women

Question 33

Gershuny (gender roles)

Answer 33

argues that women working full-time is leading to a more equal division of labour in the home.

Question 34

Duncombe and Marsden (gender roles)

Answer 34

‘triple shift’

Question 35

Pahl and Vogler (gender roles)

Answer 35

allowance and pooling- cohabiting less likely to pool their money

Question 36

Edgell (gender roles)

Answer 36

Men make the most important decisions

Question 37

Man Yee Kan (gender roles)

Answer 37

younger men do more domestic work.

Question 38

Dunne (gender roles)

Answer 38

lesbian couples are symmetrical because of the absence of traditional heterosexual gender norms

Question 39

Name some policies

Answer 39

Divorce reform act equality act equal pay act shared parental leave same sex marriage act childrens act

Question 40

Palmer (Childhood)

Answer 40

toxic childhood from technological and cultural changes

Question 41

Postman (Childhood)

Answer 41

childhood is disappearing- from video games, children in adult clothing etc

Question 42

Aries (Childhood)

Answer 42

elements of modern childhood gradually began to emerge from the 13th century onwards.

Question 43

Palmer (Childhood)

Answer 43

children in Bolivia expected to work from 5

Question 44

Jenks (Childhood)

Answer 44

Childhood continues to be a separate status - legal and other restrictions on what children can do separates them from adults.

Question 45

Pilcher (Childhood)

Answer 45

the most important feature of childhood is separateness. Childhood is seen as a clear and distinct life stage.

Question 46

Wagg (Childhood)

Answer 46

Childhood is socially constructed - There is no single universal childhood, experienced by all

Question 47

UK Census (demography)

Answer 47

10 yearly social survey that can give us a variety of quantitative data

Question 48

Office for National Statistics (demography)

Answer 48

The government collects official statistics to use in policy-making - e.g birth rates for school planning

Question 49

Shutes (demography)

Answer 49

reports that 40% of adult care nurses in the UK are migrants, most women

Question 50

Hirsch (demography)

Answer 50

the traditional age ‘pyramid’ is disappearing and being replaced by more or less equal-sized ‘blocks’