Familiar and Formal Commands Flashcards
When are tu commands used?
they are used to give an order or advice to someone you normally address
What is the form for affirmative familiar (tu) commands?
- take the infinitive
- conjugate it in the yo form in presesnt tense
- remove yo conjugation and add -a (AR) or -e (ER + IR)
What verbs are irregular in affirmative tu commands?
decir hacer ir poner salir ser tener venir
What is the form for decir?
di
What is the form for hacer?
haz
What is the form for ir?
ve
What is the form for poner?
pon
What is the form for salir?
sal
What is the form for ser?
se (accent on e)
What is the form for tener?
ten
What is the form for venir?
ven
How do you form a negative tu command?
- drop the final -o of the yo form
2. add -es (AR) or -as (ER & IR)
Do verbs with irregular yo forms stay irregular?
yes
What happens with stem-changing verbs?
they keep the stem change in negative commands
Which verbs have a spelling change in negative tu commands?
- car
- zar
- gar
Negative tu commands: what does -car change to
qu
Negative tu commands: what does -gar change to?
gu
Negative tu commands: what does -zar change to?
c
Which verbs are irregular in negatvie tu commands?
- dar
- estar
- ir
- saber
- ser
What is the negative tu form for dar?
no des
What is the negative tu form for estar?
estes (accent on second e)
What is the negative tu form for ir?
vayas
What is the negative tu form for saber?
sepas
What is the negative tu form for ser
seas
How are formal affirmative commands formed?
formed by dropping the oin teh present yo form and adding:
- e (AR) or -a (ER +IR) < for usted
- en (AR) or -an (ER + IR) < for ustedes
What verbs remain irregular?
- conducir
- conocer
- decir
- hacer
- ofrecer
- oir
- poner
- salir
- tener
- traducir
- traer
- venir
- ver
What occurs with verbs that have a stem change in the present tense yo form?
they still have stem changes
What types of verbs have a specific spelling change in formal commands?
- car, gar, zar
Negative formal commands: what does -car change to
qu
Negative formal commands: what does -gar change to
gu
Negative formal commands: what does -zar change to
c
What verbs are irregular in formal commands?
- dar
- estar
- ir
- saber
- ser
What is the usted command for dar?
de (accent on the e)
What is the usted command for estar
este (accent on the e)
What is the usted command for ir?
vaya
What is the usted command for saber?
sepa
What is the usted command for ser?
sea
What is the ustedes command for dar?
den
What is the ustedes command for estar
esten (accent on 2nd e)
What is the ustedes command for ir?
vayan
What is the ustedes command for saber?
sepan
What is the ustedes command for ser?
sean
How do you make a formal command negative?
place no before the verb
In affirmative commands, where do reflexive, direct, indirect object pronouns go?
they are attached to the end of the verb
In affirmative commands, what happens when you have a reflixive or indirect + direct object pronouns and the original verb has more than two syllables?
an accent is added to maintain original stress
Where do pronouns go in negative formal commands?
the go before the verb
