falls after stroke

Question 1

what is a falls risk?

Answer 1

the likelihood or probability of someone falling

Question 2

how do we determine if someone is at risk of falls?

Answer 2

-previous history of falls
-medications eg sedatives or polypharmacy
-cognitive ability
-physical condition eg balance and mobility problems
-visual problems etc

Question 3

what are the potential consequences of a fall after stroke?

Answer 3

-fear of falling
-loss of independence
-increased mortality
-reduction in function

Question 4

what things do the current Irish stroke guidelines recommend assessing every stroke patients fall risk?

Answer 4

-physical function
-cognitive function
-perceptual function

Question 5

how can we estimate future falls risk of stroke patient who is about to be discharged home?

Answer 5

-apply falls risk scores
-use cut off scores on physical tests for example TUG or BERG
-assess risk factors and make clinical judgement

Question 6

what is the falls efficacy scale?

Answer 6

-self-report tool used to assess an individual’s fear of falling or confidence in performing everyday activities without falling.

Question 7

what are the aims of falls prevention strategies?

Answer 7

-minimise risk of injury
-decrease fear of falling
-increase and maintain physical function
-improve community participation

Question 8

what type of training is recommended for stroke patients & what is the dosage?

Answer 8

-intensive progressive balance
-multidirectional stepping and decreasing base of support
-2x a week for 25 weeks

Question 9

what are examples of serious consequences of falls?

Answer 9

-hip fracture
-secondary brain injury
-long lie - can lead to dehydration, muscle damage, hypothermia, pneumonia and reduced confidence