Failure and Fluid Analysis Flashcards
How is fluid analysis best utilized
as a major part of predictive maintenance
what is the most effective application of fluid analysis
involves the scheduled testing of fluids , recording results , and chartering data for a particular piece of equipment with its own specific operating conditions and environment
the data obtained from regular testing can provide what general information
. wear rates of internal components
. rate of product deterioration and additive depletion
. the amount and type of external contamination
what is spot checking when referring to fluid samples
a one time look into the system with no reference or comparison data to highlight any recent changes to operating conditions
what is the break-in-period
this is the period where new components mate and wear with other components after assembly and small particles smaller than can be seen by the naked eye float into the system
after assembling a new component and the oil sample taken reads a high ppm of wear particles . what might be the issue
this is the break in period of the new component and the ppm should taper off to a normal level after a period of time
what might indicate a reason for concern and possible intervention when reading a fluid sample
any deviation of wear particles
a common method of oil sampling is to sample between services when dealing with large oil sumps and extended oil change periods . what can this data be used to determine
the optimum oil change durations and intervals between servicing
what are the three major areas a oil analysis report will provide information on
. Deterioration of the oil itself , either physical properties or additives
. the amount of PPM and type of wear particles in the oil
. the presence of foreign contamination
why is it important to take a oil sample from a warm and operating system
because the contamination in the system will be in suspension
what is viscosity
resistance to flow
what might cause a increase in an oils viscosity
. contamination by a product with a higher viscosity
. thickening of the oil base due to contamination during operation , high operating temperatures
. extended drain intervals
why is water usually found in oil
because it is a by-product of combustion and is always present as condensation
what will water in the oil system cause
rust of components - creation of acids - become a catalyst in chemical reactions between additives in the oil
in applications other than engines what would be the cause of solids such as varnish , sludge and soot being found in the oil sample
high operating temperatures or outside contamination
if sodium and boron are obtained in an engine sample what would be the cause
antifreeze has entered the system and O-rings , coolers , gaskets and seals between the systems becomes the possible source of the leak
if the oil sample has a high FLASH PIONT what might be the cause
most commonly fuel is in the oil this could be caused by Incomplete combustion , over fueling from faulty fuel system or poor service practices
what will the acid number provide in a oil sample
information regarding the accumulation of combustion products and their reaction with various metallic surfaces or additive packages
as the acid number increases so does the
rate of corrosive damage to wear surfaces
Tin
used as a sacrificial overlay of moving parts to facilitate wear in . also found in solders and in Babbitt metals used in friction type bearings
Lead
is a component in ,metal used in friction type bearings , found in solders , oil additives , gaskets and anti seize compounds
Copper
used as an overlay on bearings , used in bushings , cooling coils , bearing cages and shaft surfaces may be copper treated , sealants , anti seize
Aluminium
commonly the main component in pistons , supercharger and turbocharger blades , bearings , engine blocks , gear boxes and other housings , filtering and reclaiming systems , grease
Silicon
dust , dirt , sand . when found in conjunction with high iron or other metals it becomes a reliable indicator of premature wear and or dirt contamination
