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GCSE History > Facts, Dates and Case studies - Crime and Punishment > Flashcards

Facts, Dates and Case studies - Crime and Punishment Flashcards

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1
Q

How much of England became royal land?

A

30% of land was “royal land”

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2
Q

When did parish constables lead the chase for criminals?

A

From around 1250, parish constables led the chase for criminals

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3
Q

When were trial by ordeal and combat abolished?

A

Trial by ordeal and combat were abolished in 1215

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4
Q

What and when were JPs introduced?

A

JPs were had the power to hear minor crimes, and were introduced in 1361

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5
Q

How long would it be before a criminal was outlawed following their oath to leave the country?

A

After the accused swore the oath to leave the country, they had 40 days before they were outlawed

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6
Q

What is heresy?

A

The crime of having opposing religious beliefs to that of the official religion of the country

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7
Q

When did heresy first become a crime, and give one example of it?

A

Heresy was first made a crime in 1382; an example is by Henry VIII, who killed many protestants for heresy

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8
Q

What and when was the vagabonds and beggars act?

A

It was established in 1494, and made it so vagabonds were put in stocks for 3 days, then sent away to their home town

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9
Q

What and when was the act for the relief of the poor?

A

It was established in 1597, and split deserving (elderly or disabled) vagabonds from undeserving (those fit to work) vagabonds

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10
Q

What and when was the Poor Law?

A

It was established in 1601, and made it so deserving vagabonds/poor were given aid from the local parish, and the undeserving vagabonds to be whipped, branded and sent to correction houses

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11
Q

When did Henry the VIII make witchcraft punishable by death?

A

Witchcraft was made punishable by death in 1542

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12
Q

When did Elizabeth I change the law so charges of witchcraft has to tried in court?

A

Elizabeth I changed the law so charges of witchcraft has to tried in court in 1563

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13
Q

When did James I instruct that witchcraft should be killed?

A

In 1604

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14
Q

From when could Church courts no longer try criminal acts?

A

1576

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15
Q

When was sanctuary abolished?

A

1623, by James I

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16
Q

How many crimes were punishable by death by 1800?

A

Over 200

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17
Q

How many people were transported to America?

A

Around 80,000

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18
Q

Why did the Gunpowder plot occur?

A

It was a terrorist act against the protestant government by a group of catholics

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19
Q

When did the Gunpowder plot occur?

A

November 1604

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20
Q

How were the Gunpowder plot culprits punished

A

They were hanged, drawn and quartered

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21
Q

When did the witch hunts primarily occur?

A

1645-1647

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22
Q

How many people did Matthew Hopkins catch and were hanged as a result?

A

112

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23
Q

When was there a large increase in highway robbery?

A

1700-1850

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24
Q

What and when was the Waltham Black Act?

A

It was established in 1723, and made poaching a capital punishment

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25
Q

When were many poaching laws repealed?

A

1823

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26
Q

When and why did smuggling levels increase?

A

From 1740-1840, as a result of increased import tax

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27
Q

When was import taxation cut?

A

1840

28
Q

What and when was the witchcraft act?

A

It was established in 1736, and appealed almost all laws towards witchcraft

29
Q

Who were the Tolpuddle Martyrs?

A

A group of farmers who established an early trade union, and as a result were arrested and transported. It caused public outcry and eventually after 2 years, they were pardoned

30
Q

How many people signed the petition to pardon the Tolpuddle martyrs?

A

200,000

31
Q

When were the Bow street runners established?

A

1749

32
Q

When was the Metropolitan Police established?

A

1829- Britain’s first professional police force in London

33
Q

What and when was the Municipal Corporations Act?

A

In 1835, and made it so local communities could set up police forces in there local area

34
Q

What and when was the Police Act?

A

In 1856, forcing all towns and counties to establish a police force

35
Q

When was the CID established?

A

1878

36
Q

When did transportation to America begin?

A

1610

37
Q

When did transportation to America end?

A

1776

38
Q

When did transportation to Australia begin?

A

1787

39
Q

How many people were transported to Australia overall?

A

160,000+

40
Q

Over what period of time were 90 new prisons built?

A

From 1842 - 1877

41
Q

When were public executions abolished?

A

1868

42
Q

When was transportation abolished?

A

1868

43
Q

What is one example of a separate system prison?

A

Pentonville prison

44
Q

What and when was the Gaols Act?

A

In 1823 by Robert Peel, making it so:

  • chaplains should visit prisoners regularly
  • gaolers should be paid
  • prisoners should not be put in chains
45
Q

When was the Metropolitan Police force established?

A

1829

46
Q

Give 3 reasons why modern advances have made terrorism more threatening

A
  • Better, easier and safer communication
  • Better transport
  • More dangerous weapons
47
Q

When was drink driving made illegal?

A

In 1872 driving a horse drawn carriage while drunk became illegal

48
Q

When was homosexuality decriminalised?

A

1967

49
Q

When was abortion in certain situations decriminalised?

A

1967

50
Q

When and what was the Race Relations Act?

A

In 1968, it was made illegal to discriminate against someone due to their ethnicity

51
Q

When and what was the Criminal Justice act?

A

In 2005, more severe crimes were sentenced for hate crimes

52
Q

When and what was the Racial and Religious Hatred act?

A

In 2006, it was made illegal to spread racial or religious hatred

53
Q

When and what was the Misuse of Drugs act?

A

In 1971, taking and supplying certain drugs was made illegal

54
Q

What and when was the Neighbourhood Watch?

A

In 1982, local volunteers with the aim of preventing and detect crime came together to form local neighbourhood watches

55
Q

When was the last capital punishment used?

A

1964

56
Q

When and who was Timothy Evans?

A

In 1950, Timothy Evans was hanged for the supposed murder of his wife and child- it was later revealed he was innocent

57
Q

When was probation introduced?

A

1907

58
Q

When was hard labour and corporal punishment in prisons abolished?

A

1948

59
Q

How many conscientious objectors refused to fight in WW1?

A

16000

60
Q

How many conscientious objectors refused to fight in WW2?

A

60000

61
Q

How many conscientious objectors were given exemption in WW1?

A

400

62
Q

How many conscientious objectors were given exemption in WW2?

A

45000

63
Q

What and when was the Bloody Sunday riot?

A

In November 1887, many working class protesters on unemployment clashed with the Met Police, causing many to be injured and one death

64
Q

When and what was the Peabody Estate?

A

In 1881, the Peabody Estate was established, providing better housing for a decent price for those living in poor conditions

65
Q

What and when was the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee?

A

During 1888, many Whitechapel residents began patrolling the streets in the aim of catching Jack the Ripper. They often disrupted the police investigation, and where largely unsuccessful

66
Q

When and what was Jack the Ripper?

A

During 1888, Jack the Ripper brutally murdered 5 women in Whitechapel. He was never caught

67
Q

What is a chaplain?

A

A clergy member

GCSE History (8 decks)

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