Facts, Dates and Case studies - Crime and Punishment

Question 1

How much of England became royal land?

Answer 1

30% of land was “royal land”

Question 2

When did parish constables lead the chase for criminals?

Answer 2

From around 1250, parish constables led the chase for criminals

Question 3

When were trial by ordeal and combat abolished?

Answer 3

Trial by ordeal and combat were abolished in 1215

Question 4

What and when were JPs introduced?

Answer 4

JPs were had the power to hear minor crimes, and were introduced in 1361

Question 5

How long would it be before a criminal was outlawed following their oath to leave the country?

Answer 5

After the accused swore the oath to leave the country, they had 40 days before they were outlawed

Question 6

What is heresy?

Answer 6

The crime of having opposing religious beliefs to that of the official religion of the country

Question 7

When did heresy first become a crime, and give one example of it?

Answer 7

Heresy was first made a crime in 1382; an example is by Henry VIII, who killed many protestants for heresy

Question 8

What and when was the vagabonds and beggars act?

Answer 8

It was established in 1494, and made it so vagabonds were put in stocks for 3 days, then sent away to their home town

Question 9

What and when was the act for the relief of the poor?

Answer 9

It was established in 1597, and split deserving (elderly or disabled) vagabonds from undeserving (those fit to work) vagabonds

Question 10

What and when was the Poor Law?

Answer 10

It was established in 1601, and made it so deserving vagabonds/poor were given aid from the local parish, and the undeserving vagabonds to be whipped, branded and sent to correction houses

Question 11

When did Henry the VIII make witchcraft punishable by death?

Answer 11

Witchcraft was made punishable by death in 1542

Question 12

When did Elizabeth I change the law so charges of witchcraft has to tried in court?

Answer 12

Elizabeth I changed the law so charges of witchcraft has to tried in court in 1563

Question 13

When did James I instruct that witchcraft should be killed?

Answer 13

In 1604

Question 14

From when could Church courts no longer try criminal acts?

Answer 14

1576

Question 15

When was sanctuary abolished?

Answer 15

1623, by James I

Question 16

How many crimes were punishable by death by 1800?

Answer 16

Over 200

Question 17

How many people were transported to America?

Answer 17

Around 80,000

Question 18

Why did the Gunpowder plot occur?

Answer 18

It was a terrorist act against the protestant government by a group of catholics

Question 19

When did the Gunpowder plot occur?

Answer 19

November 1604

Question 20

How were the Gunpowder plot culprits punished

Answer 20

They were hanged, drawn and quartered

Question 21

When did the witch hunts primarily occur?

Answer 21

1645-1647

Question 22

How many people did Matthew Hopkins catch and were hanged as a result?

Answer 22

112

Question 23

When was there a large increase in highway robbery?

Answer 23

1700-1850

Question 24

What and when was the Waltham Black Act?

Answer 24

It was established in 1723, and made poaching a capital punishment

Question 25

When were many poaching laws repealed?

Answer 25

1823

Question 26

When and why did smuggling levels increase?

Answer 26

From 1740-1840, as a result of increased import tax

Question 27

When was import taxation cut?

Answer 27

1840

Question 28

What and when was the witchcraft act?

Answer 28

It was established in 1736, and appealed almost all laws towards witchcraft

Question 29

Who were the Tolpuddle Martyrs?

Answer 29

A group of farmers who established an early trade union, and as a result were arrested and transported. It caused public outcry and eventually after 2 years, they were pardoned

Question 30

How many people signed the petition to pardon the Tolpuddle martyrs?

Answer 30

200,000

Question 31

When were the Bow street runners established?

Answer 31

1749

Question 32

When was the Metropolitan Police established?

Answer 32

1829- Britain's first professional police force in London

Question 33

What and when was the Municipal Corporations Act?

Answer 33

In 1835, and made it so local communities could set up police forces in there local area

Question 34

What and when was the Police Act?

Answer 34

In 1856, forcing all towns and counties to establish a police force

Question 35

When was the CID established?

Answer 35

1878

Question 36

When did transportation to America begin?

Answer 36

1610

Question 37

When did transportation to America end?

Answer 37

1776

Question 38

When did transportation to Australia begin?

Answer 38

1787

Question 39

How many people were transported to Australia overall?

Answer 39

160,000+

Question 40

Over what period of time were 90 new prisons built?

Answer 40

From 1842 - 1877

Question 41

When were public executions abolished?

Answer 41

1868

Question 42

When was transportation abolished?

Answer 42

1868

Question 43

What is one example of a separate system prison?

Answer 43

Pentonville prison

Question 44

What and when was the Gaols Act?

Answer 44

In 1823 by Robert Peel, making it so: - chaplains should visit prisoners regularly - gaolers should be paid - prisoners should not be put in chains

Question 45

When was the Metropolitan Police force established?

Answer 45

1829

Question 46

Give 3 reasons why modern advances have made terrorism more threatening

Answer 46

- Better, easier and safer communication - Better transport - More dangerous weapons

Question 47

When was drink driving made illegal?

Answer 47

In 1872 driving a horse drawn carriage while drunk became illegal

Question 48

When was homosexuality decriminalised?

Answer 48

1967

Question 49

When was abortion in certain situations decriminalised?

Answer 49

1967

Question 50

When and what was the Race Relations Act?

Answer 50

In 1968, it was made illegal to discriminate against someone due to their ethnicity

Question 51

When and what was the Criminal Justice act?

Answer 51

In 2005, more severe crimes were sentenced for hate crimes

Question 52

When and what was the Racial and Religious Hatred act?

Answer 52

In 2006, it was made illegal to spread racial or religious hatred

Question 53

When and what was the Misuse of Drugs act?

Answer 53

In 1971, taking and supplying certain drugs was made illegal

Question 54

What and when was the Neighbourhood Watch?

Answer 54

In 1982, local volunteers with the aim of preventing and detect crime came together to form local neighbourhood watches

Question 55

When was the last capital punishment used?

Answer 55

1964

Question 56

When and who was Timothy Evans?

Answer 56

In 1950, Timothy Evans was hanged for the supposed murder of his wife and child- it was later revealed he was innocent

Question 57

When was probation introduced?

Answer 57

1907

Question 58

When was hard labour and corporal punishment in prisons abolished?

Answer 58

1948

Question 59

How many conscientious objectors refused to fight in WW1?

Answer 59

16000

Question 60

How many conscientious objectors refused to fight in WW2?

Answer 60

60000

Question 61

How many conscientious objectors were given exemption in WW1?

Answer 61

400

Question 62

How many conscientious objectors were given exemption in WW2?

Answer 62

45000

Question 63

What and when was the Bloody Sunday riot?

Answer 63

In November 1887, many working class protesters on unemployment clashed with the Met Police, causing many to be injured and one death

Question 64

When and what was the Peabody Estate?

Answer 64

In 1881, the Peabody Estate was established, providing better housing for a decent price for those living in poor conditions

Question 65

What and when was the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee?

Answer 65

During 1888, many Whitechapel residents began patrolling the streets in the aim of catching Jack the Ripper. They often disrupted the police investigation, and where largely unsuccessful

Question 66

When and what was Jack the Ripper?

Answer 66

During 1888, Jack the Ripper brutally murdered 5 women in Whitechapel. He was never caught

Question 67

What is a chaplain?

Answer 67

A clergy member