Facts About Skin

Question 1

What are the 3 main layers of the skin called from top to bottom?

Answer 1

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Question 2

What are the 6 layers of the epidermis?

Answer 2

Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum granulosum, stratum spinusom, stratum basale

Question 3

What type of skin has six layers of the epidermis and which only has 5? What is that layer of the skin called?

Answer 3

Skin that does not have hair has 6 layers and the layer is called the stratum lucidum . Skin with hair only has 5

Question 4

What is the top layer of the skin made up of and what is its job?

Answer 4

The top layer of the skin is filled with keratin and it sheds dead skin cells. Primary barrier between the body and environment

Question 5

What is Keratin and what does it make up in the body?

Answer 5

Keratin is a fibrous protein or sclerprotein. It is the key structural component to hair, nails, skin, feathers, hooves etc.

Question 6

What are the 4 main fibrous proteins

Answer 6

Keratin, collagen, elastin, fibrin

Question 7

What does collagen to for the body and where is it found?

Answer 7

Collagen is provides structure, strength, and support throughout your body. Collagen’s specific roles include: Helping fibroblasts form in your dermis (middle skin layer), which helps new cells grow. Playing a role in replacing dead skin cells.
It lives in connective tissues, tendons, cartilage, bone etc.

Question 8

What is a scar?

Answer 8

Irreparable trace of a wound

Question 9

What is sebum?

Answer 9

Oily secretion of the skin. People with dry skin have less of this.

Question 10

What is responsible for oily secretion of the skin or Sebum?

Answer 10

The sebaceous glands

Question 11

Why is a skin dermaabrasion

Answer 11

Microdermabrasion treatments use a minimally abrasive instrument to gently sand your skin, removing the thicker, uneven outer layer, and has many benefits.

Question 12

What is a Micro abrasion

Answer 12

a cosmetic procedure for the skin that involves the mechanical abrasion and removal of all or part of the stratum corneum and is used to creat micro abrasions so the skin will regenerate new cells to heal scars, stretch marks, and discoloration

Question 13

When does the epidermis heal faster?

Answer 13

When it is injured

Question 14

When does skin take longer to heal

Answer 14

When it is aged

Question 15

What are the proteins called that are the main parts of the skin?

Answer 15

Sclerproteins or fibrous proteins

Question 16

What is a horn

Answer 16

Material that makes up parts of the animals skin and hair

Question 17

What separates NUE conceal from other types of tattoo camouflage?

Answer 17

Most of the ink used by camouflage tattoo artists are permanent tattoo inks made to be more visible into the skin and have very limited skin tone options.
NUE conceal has a much wider variety of skin tone options which matching the skin tone is normally the most challenging part of performing a camouflage tattoo

Nue Pigments are skin tone pigments specially formulated for camouflage tattoos with consideration to different skin tones, ethnicity, and undertones.
Through this formulation, artists can provide a more natural-looking result for our clients

Question 18

What is a NUE reader and why is it important?

Answer 18

The human skin is very diverse therefore there are different aspects to consider in imitating human skin color. There are so many variations of skin tone that it would very costly to make a pigment for each specific one. This device will read the exact tone of a persons skin and then relay the information via the app so we can make the exact match of the skin tone by mixing the correct pigment colors together

Question 19

What is NUE conceal

Answer 19

Nue conceal is a combination of the art of camouflage tattoo, the science of color theory, and the technology of intelligent color matching.

Question 20

What does paramedical tattoo address that almost nothing else can?

Answer 20

Pre-existing scar conditions

Question 21

Which war was tattooing used and why did they use it?

Answer 21

Cold War.
To tattoo medical information on soldiers in case of injury

Question 22

How far can tattoos be traced back to?

Answer 22

3100 BC

Question 23

What is it called when someone has a scar in their eye?

Answer 23

Leucomatous corneal- which is white opacity in the eye due to scarring of half the stroma

Question 24

What does paramedical tattooing address?

Answer 24

imperfections in the skin such as hypo-pigmentation, stretch marks, injury scars, surgical scars, burns, skin grafts, transition scars, tummy tuck scars, breast surgery scars and vitiligo, nails

Question 25

What is hyper pigmentation?

Answer 25

Hyperpigmentation is a common condition that makes some areas of the skin darker than others. Extra melanin creates spots or patches that look brown, black, gray, red or pink. The areas are not painful or itchy, but they can make people self-conscious.

Question 26

What causes hyperpigmentation and who can it effect?

Answer 26

Hyperpigmentation can affect people of any race or ethnicity.

Skin gets its color from a substance called melanin, which is made by skin cells. When those skin cells are damaged or unhealthy, they can produce too much melanin. The melanin can clump, causing that area to appear darker.

Many things can lead to hyperpigmentation:

Adrenal disorders such as Addison’s disease, when the body doesn’t make enough of a hormone called cortisol.
Genetics, such as a family with freckles.
Hormone changes, such as during puberty or pregnancy.
Injury to the skin (for example, acne, cuts or burns), which is sometimes called postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Medications, such as oral contraceptives (birth control pills) and drugs that cause sensitivity to light.
Melasma.
Not getting enough of certain vitamins, such as B12 and folic acid.
Sun damage (these spots are often called solar lentigines).
Thyroid disorders.

Question 27

How is hyperpigmentation diagnosed?

Answer 27

Ask you about your medical history, including when the darkened skin started and what medications you’re taking.
Do a physical exam to look at your skin.
Examine your skin under a special ultraviolet light, called a Wood lamp.
Order blood tests to check vitamins, hormones and iron, as well as thyroid function.
Take a small sample of the skin for a biopsy, which tests for any abnormal skin cells.

Question 28

Common Management and Treatment for hypopigmentation?

Answer 28

Depending on the reasons for hyperpigmentation, your healthcare provider may suggest some lifestyle changes:

Avoiding sun damage by staying out of the sun, using sunscreen and wearing protective clothing.
Stopping any medications that may be causing it.
Taking vitamins.
Your healthcare provider may also recommend prescription or over-the-counter topical therapy (creams or ointments you put on your skin):

Azelaic acid.
Corticosteroids.
Glycolic acid (alpha-hydroxy acid).
Hydroquinone.
Kojic acid, a chemical that can reduce the amount of melanin the body produces.
Salicylic acid.
Skin bleach.
Tretinoin.
Vitamin C or B3 (niacinamide).
Other treatments may include:

Chemical peels.
Cryotherapy.
Laser skin resurfacing.
Pigmented lesion laser.

Question 29

Common topical creams used for hypo pigmentation?

Answer 29

Azelaic acid.

Corticosteroids.

Glycolic acid (alpha-hydroxy acid).

Hydroquinone.

Kojic acid, a chemical that can reduce the amount of melanin the body produces.

Salicylic acid.

Skin bleach.

Tretinoin.

Vitamin C or B3 (niacinamide).

Question 30

What is tretinoin?

Answer 30

Tretinoin is a topical medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as retinoids. It is a derivative of vitamin A and is commonly used in dermatology. Tretinoin is known for its effectiveness in treating acne by promoting skin cell turnover and preventing the clogging of hair follicles. It is also used to reduce the appearance of fine wrinkles and hyperpigmentation. Tretinoin is available in various forms, including creams, gels, and lotions, and is typically applied directly to the affected skin.

Question 31

What is Azeliac acid?

Answer 31

Azelaic acid is a topical medication used in dermatology to treat various skin conditions. It is naturally found in wheat, barley, and rye. Azelaic acid has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making it effective in the treatment of acne and rosacea. Additionally, it is used to lighten skin discoloration and reduce hyperpigmentation. The acid works by inhibiting the growth of certain bacteria and decreasing inflammation, contributing to an improvement in overall skin appearance. It is available in various formulations, including creams, gels, and foams, and is applied directly to the skin.

Question 32

What are corticosteroids?

Answer 32

Corticosteroids are a class of anti-inflammatory medications that mimic the effects of hormones produced by the adrenal glands. These hormones, specifically glucocorticoids, play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including immune response and metabolism. In dermatology, topical corticosteroids are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation, itching, and redness associated with skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis. They come in various forms, including creams, ointments, and lotions, and are applied directly to the affected skin. It’s important to use corticosteroids under the guidance of a healthcare professional due to potential side effects and the need for proper application.

Question 33

What is Glycolic acid?

Answer 33

Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is commonly used in skincare products. It is derived from sugar cane and belongs to a group of acids known for their exfoliating properties. Glycolic acid is often included in facial cleansers, toners, and chemical peels.

Its small molecular size allows it to penetrate the skin easily, helping to exfoliate the outermost layer of dead skin cells. This exfoliation can lead to improvements in skin texture, the appearance of fine lines, and overall skin tone. Glycolic acid is also known for promoting collagen production, contributing to a more youthful and radiant complexion.

When using products containing glycolic acid, it’s important to follow the recommended instructions and use sunscreen, as increased sensitivity to sunlight may occur.

Question 34

What is Hydroquinone?

Answer 34

Hydroquinone is a skin-lightening agent used in dermatology to treat hyperpigmentation, including dark spots, melasma, and certain types of uneven skin tone. It works by inhibiting the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of the skin.

Hydroquinone is available in various formulations, including creams, lotions, and gels, and is typically applied directly to the affected areas of the skin. It is important to use hydroquinone under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as prolonged or inappropriate use can lead to side effects. Additionally, some countries have restrictions on over-the-counter availability due to safety concerns, so it’s advisable to follow local regulations and recommendations.

Question 35

What is Kojic Acid?

Answer 35

Kojic acid, a chemical that can reduce the amount of melanin the body produces.

Question 36

What is a skin bleach?

Answer 36

A chemical used to lighten the outer layers of the skin

Question 37

What is vitamin B3 or niacinamide?

Answer 37

In skincare, niacinamide, a form of vitamin B3, is often used. It offers several benefits, including the ability to improve the appearance of enlarged pores, uneven skin tone, fine lines, and wrinkles. Niacinamide is a common ingredient in topical skincare products like creams, serums, and lotions.

As a dietary nutrient, vitamin B3 is found in foods such as meat, fish, poultry, nuts, and whole grains. Adequate intake of niacin is important for maintaining overall health and preventing deficiency-related conditions, like pellagra.

Question 38

What is laser skin resurfacing?

Answer 38

Laser skin resurfacing is a cosmetic procedure that uses laser technology to improve the texture and appearance of the skin. It is commonly used to address issues such as wrinkles, fine lines, scars, age spots, and uneven skin tone. The procedure involves the use of a laser to remove the outer layers of skin, stimulating the production of new collagen and promoting skin regeneration.

There are different types of lasers used in skin resurfacing, each with specific wavelengths and purposes. Fractional laser resurfacing, for example, targets only a fraction of the skin, leaving surrounding areas untouched, which aids in faster healing.

Laser skin resurfacing should be performed by a qualified healthcare professional, as the intensity of the laser and the technique used can vary based on individual skin conditions. Recovery time and potential side effects depend on the depth and extent of the treatment. It’s crucial to follow post-procedure care instructions and protect the skin from sun exposure during the healing process.

Question 39

What is mirconeedling?

Answer 39

Microneedling is a cosmetic procedure that involves using a device equipped with fine needles to create controlled micro-injuries in the skin’s surface. This technique stimulates the skin’s natural healing processes, leading to increased collagen and elastin production. Collagen and elastin are proteins that contribute to skin elasticity and firmness.

The microneedling process can improve various skin concerns, including fine lines, wrinkles, acne scars, stretch marks, and overall skin texture. The small, controlled injuries prompt the skin to regenerate, resulting in a more youthful and rejuvenated appearance.

Question 40

What is pigmented lesion laser?

Answer 40

A pigmented lesion laser, or pigment laser, is a type of laser technology used to target and treat various skin pigmentation issues. This includes conditions such as sunspots, age spots, freckles, and certain types of birthmarks. The laser emits specific wavelengths of light that are absorbed by the pigmented cells, causing them to break down and fade over time.

Question 41

What is Salicylic acid?

Answer 41

Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) that is commonly used in skincare products. It is known for its ability to exfoliate the skin by penetrating oil glands and pores, making it particularly effective in treating acne and certain skin conditions.

Salicylic acid works by breaking down and removing dead skin cells, helping to unclog pores and prevent acne breakouts. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, which can contribute to reducing redness and inflammation associated with acne.

Skincare products containing salicylic acid, such as cleansers, toners, and spot treatments, are widely available over-the-counter. Higher concentrations may be used in professional skincare treatments. It’s important to use salicylic acid products as directed and to incorporate sun protection, as the skin may become more sensitive to sunlight. If you have specific skin concerns or conditions, consulting with a dermatologist is advisable.

Question 42

What is a stretch mark?

Answer 42

Damaged skin normally caused by, rapid growth in the body, rapid weight gain or loss, genetics, pregnancy, over use of corticosteroid medications

Question 43

What is a corticosteroid?

Answer 43

Corticosteroids are a class of hormones that are naturally produced in the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in the body, including metabolism, immune response, and electrolyte balance.

Synthetic versions of corticosteroids, called corticosteroid medications, are often prescribed for their anti-inflammatory properties. They can be administered orally, topically, or by injection to treat a variety of conditions, including inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, allergies, and certain skin conditions.

It’s important to note that while corticosteroids can be effective in managing various medical conditions, their use should be supervised by healthcare professionals due to potential side effects and the need for proper dosage and duration. Long-term or excessive use of corticosteroids may have adverse effects on the body.

Question 44

What are the top 3 names of

Answer 44

Three common synthetic corticosteroids include:

1. Prednisone: Often prescribed in oral form, prednisone is used to treat a wide range of inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, and allergic reactions.
2. Betamethasone: Available in various forms, including creams, ointments, and injections, betamethasone is used topically to treat skin conditions and can also be administered by injection for systemic effects.
3. Dexamethasone: This corticosteroid is used in various forms, including tablets, injections, and eye drops. It is employed to treat inflammatory and immune-related conditions, among other medical issues.

These medications should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional due to potential side effects and the need for proper dosage adjustments based on individual health conditions.

Question 45

In stingless terms what are corticosteroids?

Answer 45

Corticosteroids are a class of hormones that are naturally produced in the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in the body, including metabolism, immune response, and electrolyte balance.
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Question 46

What is Melanocyte?

Answer 46

It produces melanin that is responsible for the natural color of your skin .

Question 47

What happens over time with Melanocyte?

Answer 47

You lose it over time as you age and so that can cause your skin to lighters
After age 30 you will experience a decrease in melanin producing cells by 20-30%
As melanocyte stem cells start to die

Question 48

Why is it important to not go too deep into the skin during stretch mark and scar?

Answer 48

Penetrating the skin too deeply will places it into the dermis where pigment can change color
Going less deeply reduces the chances of discoloration because the pigments fade over time

Because the Melanocyte stem cells die over time and your melanin production changes this means the color of your skin can change which is why we also don’t want to make your camouflage tattoo permanent. As it might not match 10-20 years down the road.