factos affector drug resonse

Question 1

drugs that interfere with sexual function:

Answer 1

diuretics and β-blockers

Question 2

Gynecomastia produced by drugs like

Answer 2

Cimetidine, Ketoconazole and
Metoclopramide.

Question 3

how drugs act in Coeliac disease:
and examples

Answer 3

Amoxicillin absorption decreased while Cephalexin increased.

Question 4

examples of drugs that treat GIT diseases

Answer 4

Amoxicillin
Cephalexin

Question 5

in liver cirrhosis the Metabolism and elimination of drugs

Answer 5

can be reduced

Question 6

in liver cirrhosis the serum albumin is

Answer 6

reduced

Question 7

what is the drug that infective in kidney disease ?

Answer 7

Thiazide diuretics

Question 8

Kidney disease affect drug in

Answer 8

Clearance of drugs.

Question 9

in kidney disaes the….. and….. is reduced
in liver cirrhosis the …..is reduced

Answer 9

plamsa and Albumin
serum albumin

Question 10

route of drug administration influence the

Answer 10

rapidity and intensity
of drug response.

Question 11

desbite the route you take the drug what way debend on drug
and ex

Answer 11

Sublingual

ex of the drug: nitroglycerin

Question 12

desbite Route of

Administration

which one varries by many factor

Answer 12

oral

Question 13

desbite Route of

Administration

which has the immediate effect ?

Answer 13

IV

Question 14

subcutanous and IM has
Aqueous solution: ??
Depot preparations: ??

Answer 14

Aqueous solution: rapid
Depot preparations: slow

Question 15

nitroglycin have a …response ?

Answer 15

Rapid and direct systemic absorption

It is sublingual drug

Question 16

desbite Route of

Administration

which is Slow and sustained

Answer 16

Transdermal (patch)

Question 17

inhalation has a …response

Answer 17

Rapid

Question 18

The rectal has … response

Answer 18

erratic and variable

Question 19

when drug is given orally after meals,
the drug absorption is

Answer 19

delayed
and slows down the effect of the drug

Question 20

the drug that is taken in night are

Answer 20

Statins.

Question 21

why some drugs are given before meals ?

Answer 21

To prevent insoluble complexes formation: ex:Tetracyclines.
To prevent hypoglycemia:
ex: insulin.

Question 22

Why some drug responses varries among individuals ?

Answer 22

mainly due to the differing rates of drug metabolism

Question 23

the amount
of microsomal enzymes is controlled

Answer 23

genetically

Question 24

Drug metabolism may get induced due to exposure:

Answer 24

insecticides,
carcinogens and tobacco smoke.

Question 25

Exaggerated pharmacological response to the usual dose of the drug.

Answer 25

Hyper-reactivity to Drugs:

Question 26

loss of effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs.

Answer 26

Drug resistance:

Question 27

Desensitization develops in

Answer 27

few minutes.

Question 28

Tolerance: develops in

Answer 28

days or week.

Question 29

define hypo reactivity to drugs and give an examples :

Answer 29

Drug effect gradually diminishes when given continuously or repeatedly. desensitization tolerance drug resisiatnce

Question 30

Rate of drug administration exceeds rate of excretion or metabolism

Answer 30

cumualtion

Question 31

the drug dependence is related to

Answer 31

tolerance

Question 32

Habituation is :

Answer 32

psychological dependence for a drug e.g., tobacco smoking.

Question 33

Addiction:

Answer 33

psychic, physical dependence on a drug e.g., morphine.

Question 34

Drugs may modify the response to each other by

Answer 34

pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamics interaction between them.

Question 35

examples of drugs when combine gives Addition or Summation:

Answer 35

Ephedrine + Theophylline in the treatment of asthma.

Question 36

examples of drugs when combine gives synergism

Answer 36

Codeine + Aspirin ↑ Analgesia.

Question 37

examples of drugs when combine gives Potentiation: | and the treat what

Answer 37

Levodopa + Carbidopa → Parkinsonism treatment.

Question 38

examples of drugs when combine gives Pharmacokinetics Antagonism:

Answer 38

Phenobarbitone (enzyme inducer) reduces warfarin anticoagulant effect.

Question 39

examples of drugs when combine gives Physiological (Functional) Antagonism:-

Answer 39

Glucagon and insulin

Question 40

Outcomes of Drug Interactions:

Answer 40

Loss of therapeutic effect. Increase risk of toxicity. Unexpected increase in pharmacological activity. Beneficial effects e.g. additive & potentiation. Chemical or physical interactions.

Question 41

antagonist reduces the conc. of the active drug at its site of action.

Answer 41

Pharmacokinetics Antagonism:

Question 42

Two drugs act on different receptors & antagonize action of each other.

Answer 42

Physiological (Functional) Antagonism:-

Question 43

define Potentiation of drugs

Answer 43

drug has no effect alone but when combine increase the other drug | 0+1=2