Factors of Occlusion II

Question 1

Components of the Masticatory System that Effect Occlusion
!  Teeth
!  Musculature
!  Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
!  Periodontium
!  Mandible's Capacity
For Movement

Mastication
! Chewing Cycle
! The traditional chewing cycle is the shape of a ____. However, everyone has their own chewing cycle.

Answer 1

tear drop

Question 2

Major (Primary) Muscles of Mastication

• ____
• Temporalis
• ____
• Lateral Pterygoid
• Additionally, the coactivation of all the muscles in the face, mouth, and neck - including the ____ muscles are involved in mandibular movement

Answer 2

masseter
medial pterygoid
hyoid

Question 3

Major (Primary) Muscles of Mastication

! Temporalis
Broad ____ shaped muscle
-Elevates the mandible ____
-Pulls the mandible upward, posteriorly ____, anteriorly (protrusion), and medially

! Masseter
Broad, ____ shaped muscle
-Elevates the mandible ____
-Primary action is ____, but also aids in mandible protrusion and retrusion – like the Temporalis

• The temporalis bothers you most when you are ____.
Closes you into ____.

Answer 3

fan
vertically
(retrusion)

sling
vertically
elevation

clenching
MIP

Question 4

Major (Primary) Muscles of Mastication

!  Medial Pterygoid Counterpart to the
\_\_\_\_
-Elevates the mandible
-Moves mandible \_\_\_\_, side to side
-also active in mandible \_\_\_\_

! Lateral Pterygoid -____ activation causes
____ of the mandible
-____ activation causes lateral movement of the mandible

Question example: what muscle pulls the mandible to the right & what is the condyle doing?

Answer 4

masseter
laterally
protrusion

bilateral
protrusion
unilateral

Question 5

Major (Primary) Muscles of Mastication

! Lateral Pterygoid Superior Belly

• Stabilizes the ____ in function
• Responsible for pulling the ____ forward during opening of the mouth

! Lateral Pterygoid Inferior Belly
-Responsible for opening of the mouth, ____, and contralateral mandibular movement

Answer 5

TMJ disc
disc
protrusion

Question 6

Temporomandibular Joint

! The Joint of the Jaws
! ____, ____articulation between the temporal bone and the mandible

! Articular disc
! Comprised of ____ tissue positioned between the bones of the joint

If you take away the tissue you can see the disc (a little knee cap between the two bones) in clenchers/grinders there is ____

Answer 6

bilateral
synovial
dense connective
inflammation

Question 7

Temporomandibular Joint

• The Lower Joint Compartment
• Formed by the ____ and the ____
• involved in ____ movement; the initial movement of the mandible during opening of the mouth

! The Upper Joint Compartment
! Formed by the ____ and the ____
-involved in ____ movement; the secondary gliding movement of the mandible while the mouth is opening widely

When you open a little, the condyle rotates within the glenoid fossa. (In the lower joint compartment)
In the upper joint compartment, the articular disc is involved in sliding/translating the jaw to the most open conformation.

Answer 7

mandible (condyle)
articular disc
rotational

articular disc
temporal bone
translational

Question 8

Temporomandibular Joint
! Type of mandibular movement
! ____
! ____

Planes of mandibular movement

• ____
• ____
• ____

Answer 8

rotation
translation

frontal
sagittal
horizontal

Question 9

Mandibular Movements

Determined By:
! ____

! Posterior Determinant:
! ____

! Anterior Determinant:
! ____

Answer 9

muscularture
condylar pathway/condylar guidance
anterior teeth anterior guidance

Question 10

Mandibular Movements/Positions

!  \_\_\_\_ 
!  Centric Relation
!  \_\_\_\_
!  Protrusive Occlusion
!  \_\_\_\_
!  Border Movements
!  Infraborder movements/Habitual Movements
---!  \_\_\_\_

Answer 10

maximum intercuspal position
retruded contact
lateral occlusion (right and left)
rest position

Question 11

Maximum Intercuspation
!  MIP
!  Most closed position of the teeth
!  Most stable position
!  \_\_\_\_ position
!  Vertical Dimension of Occlusion (VDO)

Excursive Movements
!  Lateral and Protrusive/Anterior 
!  \_\_\_\_ Positions:
!  \_\_\_\_ Movements
!  \_\_\_\_ Movements

Answer 11

tooth determined

tooth determine
working
non-working

Question 12

Centric Relation

! “The relationship between the maxilla and mandible when the condyles are in the ____ position of the fossa, against the slopes of the articular eminences – ____ of tooth contacts”

! ____ Position:
! Relationship between condyles, disc, and
glenoid fossa
! **IS A ____ POSITION

Answer 12

anterior/superior
independent

joint determined
reproducible

Question 13

Retruded Contact

! The first point of tooth contact when the mandible closes with the condyles in the ____ position
! Condyles rotate around a ____ axis in CR
! ____ Position based on the ____ Position
! Inferior and Posterior to MIP the majority of times (MIC = RC ____ times)
! The small superior and anterior tooth guided movement from RC into MIP is called the ____

Answer 13

centric relation (CR)
transverse
tooth determined
joint determined
most
centric slip

Question 14

Rest Position

! Slight opening between arches when the head is upright and the elevator muscles are in a relaxed state
! ____ Position
! “____ Position”

!  Inferior and Anterior movement
!  Vertical Dimension at Rest (VDR)
!  VDR-VDO = \_\_\_\_ mm
!  “\_\_\_\_ Space”
!  Affected by \_\_\_\_, stress, \_\_\_\_, or neuromuscular discrepancies

Answer 14

muscle determined
postural
2-4
freeway
posture
fatigue