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FACTORS AND FORCES AFFECTING TOOTH POSITION Flashcards

1
Q

The major opposing forces that influence tooth position originate from the _______ and are the:

A

surrounding musculature - lips, cheek, tongue

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2
Q

provide relatively light but constant lingually directed forces

A

Lips & Cheeks

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3
Q

provides labially and buccally directed forces to the lingual surfaces of the teeth

A

Tongue

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4
Q

Direction of force applied to teeth by lips and cheek

A

lingually

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5
Q

Direction of force applied to teeth by tongue

A

labially/buccally

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6
Q

What are preventing forces? What are examples of this?

A

ensure teeth move to neutral position - lips, cheek, tongue

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7
Q

proximal contact between teeth helps maintain

A

normal tooth alignment

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8
Q

Teeth tend to drift

A

towards midline (mesially)

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9
Q

Molars are usually tilted

A

mesially

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10
Q

Occlusal contact helps prevent

A

extrusion or supra eruption

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11
Q

Occlusal contact

A

contact between max and mand teeth

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12
Q

Intraarch tooth alignment

A

refers to the relationship of teeth to each other within the arch
- Position of tooth on another tooth (teeth to teeth contact) – within 1 arch

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13
Q

Anterior and posterior mandibular teeth tend to be inclined

A

mesially

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14
Q

Anterior maxillary teeth tend to be inclined

A

mesially

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15
Q

T/F: posterior maxillary teeth tend to be inclined mesially

A

F

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16
Q

Curve of Spee

A

if you draw a line connecting the buccal cusp tips of premolars and molars a curvature to occlusal plane is seen

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17
Q

Curve of spee in mandibular arch is ______
Curve of spee in maxillary arch is ______

A

concave
convex

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18
Q

maxillary posterior teeth from frontal aspect have slight _____ inclination

A

buccal

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19
Q

mandibular posterior teeth from frontal aspect have slight _____ inclination

A

lingual

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20
Q

Curve of Wilson

A

if draw a line through the buccal/lingual cusp tips of both right/left posterior teeth, curved plane of occlusion is seen

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21
Q

Curve of Wilson in mandibular arch is _____
Curve of Wilson in maxillary arch is ______

A

concave
convex

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22
Q

Maximum Intercuspal Position (MIP) / Centric Occlusion (CO)

A

when mandible brought into position of max. intercuspation and max. tooth contacts

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23
Q

Centric Relation (CR)

A

repeatable border position where the heads of the condyle are in the most superior, anterior part of the mandibular fossa

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24
Q

Is CO or CR tooth contact dependent?

A

CO

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25
Is CO or CR jaw position dependent?
CR
26
dentist manipulates patients relaxed jaw to align condyle/position TMJ
CR
27
Helpful for patients without teeth (elderly or those with dentures) – used as a guide for occlusal contacts
CR
28
Anterior/posterior dental arch classifications are based on what cusp?
MB cusp position of 1st molar
29
Class I MB cusp alignment
normal/ideal - MB cusp of max 1st molar located in MB developmental groove of mand 1st molar
30
Class II MB cusp alignment
MB cusp of max 1st molar located in B embrasure (marginal ridges) of mand 1st molar
31
Class II "step"
posterior step ~20%
32
Class III MB cusp alignment
MB cusp of max 1st molar located in DB groove of mand 1st molar
33
Class III "step"
anterior step ~3%
34
Overjet
horizontal overlap
35
Overbite
vertical overlap
36
Open bite is due to what? and is associated with what?
mandibular deficiency or excessive eruption of posterior teeth - associated with class II
37
Cross bite
mandibular growth excess
38
What is measured to determine open bite and cross bite?
horizontal overlap (overjet) and vertical overlap (overbite) on central incisor
39
Class II - Division 1
deep bite, mandibular tooth is touching cingulum (almost cervical area) of max – max molar moves anteriorly, and lower incisor is touching max cingulum
40
Class II - Division 2
anterior mand and max teeth are in very tight contact – anterior tooth is significantly shifted vertically
41
Class III - end to end
incisal surfaces of max and mand are in contact
42
Class III anterior tooth position
no contact between max and mand, underbite
43
Class III - anterior open bite
no contact between max and mand, incisal surfaces aligned
44
What can cause class III anterior tooth abnormalities?
mandibular contacts move mesially - can be due to tongue thrusting, biting pens/pencils, or any other habits that affect max anterior tooth location
45
classes are used to define ______ tooth positions
molars
46
Divisions are used to define ____ tooth positions
anterior
47
Class and division of "normal" tooth position
Class I (no divisions)
48
The ____ cusps of max molars are located in the central fossae of mand molars
lingual
49
The ____ cusps of mand molars are located in the central fossae of max molars
buccal
50
Facial Occlusal Line
imaginary arc connecting the row of facial cusps in mand arch
51
Central Fossa Line
imaginary line connecting max central fossae
52
Functional/Supporting Cusps
centric/holding/stamp cusps – contact teeth in opposing arch along central fossa line (maintain VDO)
53
Non-Functional/Non-Supporting Cusps
non-centric/shearing/guiding cusps – those that overlap the teeth in opposing arch
54
Vertical Dimension of Occlusion (VDO)
maintains vertical dimensions of jaw – without, bite collapses
55
Each cusp has 4 ridges:
- outer incline (facial/lingual ridge) - inner incline (triangular ridge) - mesial cusp ridge - distal cusp ridge
56
Major developmental grooves function
- separate cusps
57
Mesial and distal triangular fossae function
- define marginal ridges - sharpen occlusal contacts
58
Supplemental grooves on inner incline function
- widen pathways for opposing cusp movement
59
5 common characteristics defining importance of functional cusps
1. Contact opposing tooth in MIP (maximal intercuspal position) 2. Support vertical dimension of the face (VDO) 3. Nearer to the faciolingual center of the tooth (than a non-functional/non-supporting cusp) 4. Their outer incline has potential for contact 5. Broader, more rounded cusp ridges (non-supporting cusps tend to be sharper)
60
maxillary buccal cusp overhang importance
protects ST and is esthetic (think premolars)
61
guiding/non-supporting cusps are important during
grinding phase of chewing
62
Sharper teeth are important for
assisting with shearing food (canines)
63
Dynamic contacts = _____ contacts
moving
64
Protrusive contacts
when mandible is pushed anterior from MIP, any interarch contacts noted are protrusive contacts (move jaw forward)
65
Anterior teeth during protrusive contacts
mandibular incisive and facial surfaces contact against max lingual fossae and incisal edges (guiding inclines)
66
Posterior teeth during protrusive contacts
maxillary distal inclines (against mandibular mesial inclines – IF at all)
67
Guiding inclines (GI) of maxillary teeth
are the surfaces responsible for the characteristics of anterior guidance (when moving jaw L/R while biting)
68
When protrude lower jaw, contacts will be on
on D inclines of max teeth
69
When protrude jaw forward, contacts will be on
distal
70
Lateral movement of mandible will cause 2 different movements on opposing sides of arch - what are they?
laterotrusive and mediotrusive
71
Laterotrusive movement
away from midline (left/right)
72
Laterotrusive contacts
inner inclines of max B cusps vs. outer inclines of mand B cusps & outer inclines max ling vs. inner inclines mand ling cusp
73
Laterotrusive contacts = ______ contact
working
74
Mediotrusive contact = ______ contact
Non-working Side/Balancing
75
Mediotrusive movement
towards midline
76
Mediotrusive contacts
inner inclines of max L cups vs. inner inclines of mand B cusps
77
Canine raise
in lateral movements, B surface of mand canine will contact L surface of max canine
78
Canine raise contact +/- incisor contacts will disclude
posterior teeth in lateral excursions
79
Group function
contacts of cusps (lots of contacts)
80
Are group functions good or bad?
good - want as much as possible (especially on side patient is biting on)
81
Disclude
teeth are not in contact (not touching)

OCCLUSION (4 decks)

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