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OCCLUSION > FACTORS AND FORCES AFFECTING TOOTH POSITION > Flashcards

FACTORS AND FORCES AFFECTING TOOTH POSITION Flashcards

1
Q

The major opposing forces that influence tooth position originate from the _______ and are the:

A

surrounding musculature - lips, cheek, tongue

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2
Q

provide relatively light but constant lingually directed forces

A

Lips & Cheeks

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3
Q

provides labially and buccally directed forces to the lingual surfaces of the teeth

A

Tongue

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4
Q

Direction of force applied to teeth by lips and cheek

A

lingually

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5
Q

Direction of force applied to teeth by tongue

A

labially/buccally

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6
Q

What are preventing forces? What are examples of this?

A

ensure teeth move to neutral position - lips, cheek, tongue

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7
Q

proximal contact between teeth helps maintain

A

normal tooth alignment

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8
Q

Teeth tend to drift

A

towards midline (mesially)

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9
Q

Molars are usually tilted

A

mesially

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10
Q

Occlusal contact helps prevent

A

extrusion or supra eruption

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11
Q

Occlusal contact

A

contact between max and mand teeth

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12
Q

Intraarch tooth alignment

A

refers to the relationship of teeth to each other within the arch
- Position of tooth on another tooth (teeth to teeth contact) – within 1 arch

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13
Q

Anterior and posterior mandibular teeth tend to be inclined

A

mesially

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14
Q

Anterior maxillary teeth tend to be inclined

A

mesially

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15
Q

T/F: posterior maxillary teeth tend to be inclined mesially

A

F

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16
Q

Curve of Spee

A

if you draw a line connecting the buccal cusp tips of premolars and molars a curvature to occlusal plane is seen

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17
Q

Curve of spee in mandibular arch is ______
Curve of spee in maxillary arch is ______

A

concave
convex

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18
Q

maxillary posterior teeth from frontal aspect have slight _____ inclination

A

buccal

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19
Q

mandibular posterior teeth from frontal aspect have slight _____ inclination

A

lingual

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20
Q

Curve of Wilson

A

if draw a line through the buccal/lingual cusp tips of both right/left posterior teeth, curved plane of occlusion is seen

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21
Q

Curve of Wilson in mandibular arch is _____
Curve of Wilson in maxillary arch is ______

A

concave
convex

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22
Q

Maximum Intercuspal Position (MIP) / Centric Occlusion (CO)

A

when mandible brought into position of max. intercuspation and max. tooth contacts

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23
Q

Centric Relation (CR)

A

repeatable border position where the heads of the condyle are in the most superior, anterior part of the mandibular fossa

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24
Q

Is CO or CR tooth contact dependent?

A

CO

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25
Q

Is CO or CR jaw position dependent?

A

CR

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26
Q

dentist manipulates patients relaxed jaw to align condyle/position TMJ

A

CR

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27
Q

Helpful for patients without teeth (elderly or those with dentures) – used as a guide for occlusal contacts

A

CR

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28
Q

Anterior/posterior dental arch classifications are based on what cusp?

A

MB cusp position of 1st molar

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29
Q

Class I MB cusp alignment

A

normal/ideal - MB cusp of max 1st molar located in MB developmental groove of mand 1st molar

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30
Q

Class II MB cusp alignment

A

MB cusp of max 1st molar located in B embrasure (marginal ridges) of mand 1st molar

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31
Q

Class II “step”

A

posterior step ~20%

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32
Q

Class III MB cusp alignment

A

MB cusp of max 1st molar located in DB groove of mand 1st molar

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33
Q

Class III “step”

A

anterior step ~3%

34
Q

Overjet

A

horizontal overlap

35
Q

Overbite

A

vertical overlap

36
Q

Open bite is due to what? and is associated with what?

A

mandibular deficiency or excessive eruption of posterior teeth - associated with class II

37
Q

Cross bite

A

mandibular growth excess

38
Q

What is measured to determine open bite and cross bite?

A

horizontal overlap (overjet) and vertical overlap (overbite) on central incisor

39
Q

Class II - Division 1

A

deep bite, mandibular tooth is touching cingulum (almost cervical area) of max – max molar moves anteriorly, and lower incisor is touching max cingulum

40
Q

Class II - Division 2

A

anterior mand and max teeth are in very tight contact – anterior tooth is significantly shifted vertically

41
Q

Class III - end to end

A

incisal surfaces of max and mand are in contact

42
Q

Class III anterior tooth position

A

no contact between max and mand, underbite

43
Q

Class III - anterior open bite

A

no contact between max and mand, incisal surfaces aligned

44
Q

What can cause class III anterior tooth abnormalities?

A

mandibular contacts move mesially
- can be due to tongue thrusting, biting pens/pencils, or any other habits that affect max anterior tooth location

45
Q

classes are used to define ______ tooth positions

A

molars

46
Q

Divisions are used to define ____ tooth positions

A

anterior

47
Q

Class and division of “normal” tooth position

A

Class I (no divisions)

48
Q

The ____ cusps of max molars are located in the central fossae of mand molars

A

lingual

49
Q

The ____ cusps of mand molars are located in the central fossae of max molars

A

buccal

50
Q

Facial Occlusal Line

A

imaginary arc connecting the row of facial cusps in mand arch

51
Q

Central Fossa Line

A

imaginary line connecting max central fossae

52
Q

Functional/Supporting Cusps

A

centric/holding/stamp cusps – contact teeth in opposing arch along central fossa line (maintain VDO)

53
Q

Non-Functional/Non-Supporting Cusps

A

non-centric/shearing/guiding cusps – those that overlap the teeth in opposing arch

54
Q

Vertical Dimension of Occlusion (VDO)

A

maintains vertical dimensions of jaw – without, bite collapses

55
Q

Each cusp has 4 ridges:

A
  • outer incline (facial/lingual ridge)
  • inner incline (triangular ridge)
  • mesial cusp ridge
  • distal cusp ridge
56
Q

Major developmental grooves function

A
  • separate cusps
57
Q

Mesial and distal triangular fossae function

A
  • define marginal ridges
  • sharpen occlusal contacts
58
Q

Supplemental grooves on inner incline function

A
  • widen pathways for opposing cusp movement
59
Q

5 common characteristics defining importance of functional cusps

A
  1. Contact opposing tooth in MIP (maximal intercuspal position)
  2. Support vertical dimension of the face (VDO)
  3. Nearer to the faciolingual center of the tooth (than a non-functional/non-supporting cusp)
  4. Their outer incline has potential for contact
  5. Broader, more rounded cusp ridges (non-supporting cusps tend to be sharper)
60
Q

maxillary buccal cusp overhang importance

A

protects ST and is esthetic (think premolars)

61
Q

guiding/non-supporting cusps are important during

A

grinding phase of chewing

62
Q

Sharper teeth are important for

A

assisting with shearing food (canines)

63
Q

Dynamic contacts = _____ contacts

A

moving

64
Q

Protrusive contacts

A

when mandible is pushed anterior from MIP, any interarch contacts noted are protrusive contacts (move jaw forward)

65
Q

Anterior teeth during protrusive contacts

A

mandibular incisive and facial surfaces contact against max lingual fossae and incisal edges (guiding inclines)

66
Q

Posterior teeth during protrusive contacts

A

maxillary distal inclines (against mandibular mesial inclines – IF at all)

67
Q

Guiding inclines (GI) of maxillary teeth

A

are the surfaces responsible for the characteristics of anterior guidance (when moving jaw L/R while biting)

68
Q

When protrude lower jaw, contacts will be on

A

on D inclines of max teeth

69
Q

When protrude jaw forward, contacts will be on

A

distal

70
Q

Lateral movement of mandible will cause 2 different movements on opposing sides of arch - what are they?

A

laterotrusive and mediotrusive

71
Q

Laterotrusive movement

A

away from midline (left/right)

72
Q

Laterotrusive contacts

A

inner inclines of max B cusps vs. outer inclines of mand B cusps & outer inclines max ling vs. inner inclines mand ling cusp

73
Q

Laterotrusive contacts = ______ contact

A

working

74
Q

Mediotrusive contact = ______ contact

A

Non-working Side/Balancing

75
Q

Mediotrusive movement

A

towards midline

76
Q

Mediotrusive contacts

A

inner inclines of max L cups vs. inner inclines of mand B cusps

77
Q

Canine raise

A

in lateral movements, B surface of mand canine will contact L surface of max canine

78
Q

Canine raise contact +/- incisor contacts will disclude

A

posterior teeth in lateral excursions

79
Q

Group function

A

contacts of cusps (lots of contacts)

80
Q

Are group functions good or bad?

A

good - want as much as possible (especially on side patient is biting on)

81
Q

Disclude

A

teeth are not in contact (not touching)

OCCLUSION (4 decks)

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