Factors affecting wound healing Flashcards
what are systemic factors that affect wound healing?
- nutrition
- obesity
- vascular status
- meds
- disease/co-morbidities
- age
- behavior
- psychological
What does malnutrition cause in regards to:
- Strength
- Response to stress
- decreased strength
- poor response to stress
Why are patients with wounds more prone to becoming malnourished?
Due to catabolic state of wound
What are the benefits of protein in your diet?
- affects cell repair & regeneration
- acts as enzymes to facilitate chemical reaction throughout the body
- are components of antibodies and are essential to immune system functioning
- acts as hormones and serve in important regulatory functions
- help transport lipids and other substance in the blood & across cell membranes
How does protein in your diet affect cell repair & regeneration?
provide amino acid building blocks for growth, repair/remodeling/maturation, and maintenance of tissues
Why is obesity a systemic factor?
- high body fat & poor nutritional status
- high rate of delayed healing, wound dehiscence & infection
- poor blood supply to adipose tissue
- increased workload of the heart
- edema difficult to assess
- co morbidities
What does arterial insufficiency cause in regards to:
- O2 to wound
- susceptibility to infection
- decreased oxygen to wound
- increase susceptibility to infection
- chronic non-healing wounds
What does venous insufficiency cause?
- edema
- fibrin in tissue spaces
- high risk of infection
What effect does steroids have on the body?
- decrease collagen synthesis
- suppress immune system
What effect does chemotherapeutic agents have on the body?
- interfere with cell proliferations
- prolong inflammation
- inhibit protein & fibroblast collagen synthesis
What effects does prolonged and increased NSAID use have on the body?
- vasoconstriction
- suppress inflammation & collagen synthesis
What does antineoplastic drugs affect?
fibroblast production
What does diabetes cause?
- accelerated atherosclerosis
- neuropathy
- abnormal collagen synthesis
what does vascular diseases cause?
- decreased blood supply
- oxygen perfusion & tissue oxygenation
What does renal dysfunction cause?
decreased ability to create granulation & fibroblasts
What does immunocompromised cause?
- infection
- affects phagocytosis
What is friction?
two surfaces in contact move across each other
What is shear?
skin remains stationary while underlying tissue is pulled in another direction
What are some local factors that affect wound healing?
- wound dimension
- medication/topicals
- dressings
- desiccation
- necrotic tissue/eschar
- sensation
- mechanical stress
- infection
- blood supply
What are some iatrogenic factors that affect wound healing?
- failure to diagnose arterial disease
- inadequate debridement
- failure to off load
- bad position
- failure to control for correct wound healing environment
- inappropriate treatment plan
- inadequate pain control
- inadequate patient education & follow up
