Factors affecting health and well-being Flashcards
Socio-economic factors affecting the physical, social and psychological health and well-being of individuals
- gender
- social class
- housing
- culture and ethnicity
how does gender affect the physical, health and well-being of individuals ?
- women live longer
- women have higher morbidity rates
- heart disease biggest killer in men
- breast cancer 2nd biggest killer in women
- men testicular/ woman breast/ovarian
- men likely to have accidents that cause death
how does gender affect the social health and well-being of individuals ?
- 90% single parents are woman (difficult to afford childcare)
- difficult to maintain contact with friends
- more woman are isolated
- women have more social opportunities (parent/toddler groups)
- isolation is bigger problem for older men than older woman
how does gender affect the psychological health and well-being of individuals ?
- woman are likely to experience mental health problems
- eating disorders more common in females
- woman post-natal depression
- depression in men is a more hidden problem
- men are more likely to commit suicide and self inflict injury than females (rate is 3 x higher than females)
how does social class affect the physical health and well-being of individuals ?
- infant mortality rates are higher in lower class families
- children from lower class are 3x more likely to have poor health (asthma)
- middle have longer life expectancy
- breast cancer is more common in middle class but more likely to survive it
- older people in lower class likely to have physical dysfunctions (3-4x more)
how does social class affect the social health and well-being of individuals ?
- middle have higher incomes, afford more social activities
- lower class, low incomes so difficult to afford socialising
- class tends to influence the activities, middle class skiing and golf
how does social class affect the psychological health and wellbeing of individuals ?
- lower social class are more prone to anxiety and stress
- lower self-esteem, feel they can’t get things or aren’t providing adequately for family
how does housing affect the physical health and well-being of individuals ?
- vermin in houses spread disease e.g. rats are danger to human health
- crowded conditions disease spreads easily e.g. flu
how does housing affect the social health and well-being of individuals ?
- flats with no gardens difficult for children to interact
- sub-standard housing less likely to invite friends to their house
- good housing encourages social contact
how does housing affect the psychological health and well-being of individuals ?
- safe home-sense of security
- poor housing associated with mental health problems
- inadequate housing may feel ashamed & embarrassed
- crowded conditions cause stress due to lack of privacy
how does culture and ethnicity affect the physical health and well-being of individuals ?
- Asian men more at risk of heart disease
- black Caribbean & Pakistani women more likely to be obese
- sickle cell anaemia only affects black people
- difficult to access health services -language barriers
- Jehovah’s witnesses refuse blood transfusions
how does culture and ethnicity affect the social health and well-being of individuals ?
- limit contacts to same culture
- restrict contacts due to prejudice & discrimination
- health & social services not understand cultural practices/beliefs
- strong support sense of belonging from community
- religious worship or community events
how does culture and ethnicity affect the psychological health and well-being of individuals ?
- more likely to suffer mental disorders or phobias
- obsessive compulsive disorders & panic disorders
- mental illness linked to poor housing conditions
- over represented psychiatric hospitals
- black people more sectioned and detained that white people
discuss how the following factors can affect the physical, social and psychological health and well-being of individuals
genetically inherited condition:
- cystic fibrosis
- Huntington’s disease
conditions with ageing process:
- osteoarthritis
- type 2 diabetes
What is cystic fibrosis ?
Cystic fibrosis an inherited condition that causes sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive system
