factors affecting equilibrium Flashcards
reversible reaction
a reaction where the products can be changed back into the original reactants
(not always like in picture)
equilibrium
where the rates of forward and reverse reactions are constant
what is le chatelier’s principle?
If a reaction at equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions
the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract(or minimise) the change.
what four things affect equillibrium position?
temperature, concentration and pressure
Increasing temperature equilibrium shifts in which reaction’s direction?
the endothermic direction
Increasing the concentration of a substance shifts the equilibrium in what direction?
in the direction that uses up (decreases) the concentration of the substance added
The higher the pressure
the more the reaction shifts in the direction with fewer gas molecules.
(fewer gas molecules in forward direction)
(more gas molecules in backward direction)
cobalt chloride (adding conc. HCl to solution)
shifts equillibrium to what direction?
explanation?
To the right making more blue cobalt-chloride complex
Increased Cl- concentration, equilibrium shifts to right to remove Cl- ions added.
cobalt chloride (adding water)
shifts equillibrium to what direction?
explanation?
To the left making more pink cobalt-water complex
Increased water concentration, equilibrium shifts to left, to remove water added.
cobalt chloride (increasing temp)
shifts equillibrium to what direction?
explanation?
To the right, more blue cobalt-chloride complex
Increasing temperature shift to the direction of the endothermic reaction. (right)
cobalt chloride (decreasing temp)
shifts equillibrium to what direction?
explanation?
To the left, pink cobalt-water complex
Decreasing temperature shift to the direction of the exothermic reaction (left)
