Factors affecting energy required

Question 1

Climate

Answer 1

More energy is required in colder climates
- A person living in colder climates loser more heat to the surroundings, so more energy is required to main body temperature. Basal metabolic rate is higher

Question 2

Body size

Answer 2

A smaller body size has a higher metabolic rate than a bigger size
- The smaller the animal, the greater the energy costs of maintaining a stable because of a greater surface area to volume ratio and thus greater loss of heat to the surroundings

Question 3

Age

Answer 3

Growing children have higher basal metabolic rate than adults
- Children require more energy because they are making new tissues and bones are growing

Question 4

Gender

Answer 4

Men use up more energy that women
- Men usually have higher heat production than women because men tend to have more muscle tissue than fatty tissue, and muscle tissue burns up more energy than fatty tissue

Question 5

Activity

Answer 5

A very active person needs more energy than a moderately active one, who in turn requires more energy than a sedentary one
- A person who does hard, manual work requires more energy in the form of ATP molecules for muscular activity than someone who sits in an office

Question 6

Health conditions

Answer 6

Underactive thyroid gland results in lower metabolic rate so less energy is required. Overactive thyroid gland results in higher metabolic rate so more energy is required
- There is insufficient thyroxine form and underactive thyroid gland and excessive thyroxine from an overactive thyroid gland
( Thyroxine is a hormone that increases metabolic rate of the body)