Factfulness - Hans Rosling

Question 1

In all low-income countries, how many girls finish primary school?

Answer 1

60%

Question 2

How much of the world lives in middle-income countries?

Answer 2

75%

Question 3

What is the world life expectancy?

Answer 3

70 years

Question 4

In the last 20 years, the proportion of individuals living in extreme poverty has _____________.

Answer 4

In the last 20 years, the proportion of individuals living in extreme poverty has halved.

Question 5

How did the number of deaths per year from natural disasters change over the last 100 years?

Answer 5

Decreased to 25% of what it was (deaths per capita has dropped to 6% of what it was)

Most people that die from natural disasters are in the level 1 income bracket (Due to poor infrastructure, preparedness, and emergency response)

Question 6

What percentage of the world’s 1-year-old children have been vaccinated against some disease?

Answer 6

88%

Question 7

How many years has the average man spent in school? The average woman?

Answer 7

10 years

9 years

Question 8

What percentage of people have some access to electricity?

Answer 8

80%

Question 9

By 2100, the global population will have increased by _____________ to _____________.
This is due to an increase in which age group(s)?

Answer 9

4 billion

11 billion total

More adults aged 15 to 74

Question 10

True/False.

The number of children in 2100 will be the same as the number of children today (2 billion).

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

What is an easy and useful measurement for assessing the overall quality of a society (Access to food, proper sanitation, primary health care, clean water, literacy, etc.)?

Answer 11

Child mortality rate

(Measured in deaths before the age of 5 per 1000 children)

Question 12

Are there any countries that have regressed in child mortality since 1960?

Answer 12

No, all have improved.

Question 13

What percentage of the world lives in low-income countries?

Answer 13

9%

Question 14

What percentage of the world lives in middle-income countries?

Answer 14

75%

Question 15

What percentage of the world lives in high-income countries?

Answer 15

16%

Question 16

True/False.

There is a bi-modal distribution of individuals between developing and developed countries.

Answer 16

False.

Question 17

What are the breakdown of individuals in Hans Rosling’s four income levels?

Answer 17

Level 4 : 1 billion

Level 3 : 2 billion

Level 2 : 3 billion

Level 1 : 1 billion

Question 18

What is Hans Rosling’s first income level?

Answer 18

Level 1 = < $2 / day
(1 billion people)
(< $730 / year)

Question 19

What is Hans Rosling’s second income level?

Answer 19

Level 2 = < $8 / day
(3 billion people)
(< $2920 / year)

Question 20

What is Hans Rosling’s third income level?

Answer 20

Level 3 = < $32 / day
(1 billion people)
(< $11680 / year)

Question 21

What is Hans Rosling’s fourth income level?

Answer 21

Level 4 = >$32 / day
(1 billion people)
(> $11680 / year)

Question 22

Describe level 1 (According to Hans Rosling).

Answer 22

Extreme poverty. Living on gruel. Fetching water in a bucket. No transportation. Cooking on a wood fire. Little to no schooling. Dire circumstances. 1 billion people mostly split between Asia and Africa.

Question 23

Describe level 2 (According to Hans Rosling).

Answer 23

Above the extreme poverty line. Easier access to water with multiple buckets. Bike transportation. Gas stove for cooking. Unstable access to electricity. Some schooling. Unstable situation. 3 billion people.

Question 24

Describe level 3 (According to Hans Rosling).

Answer 24

$9-32 per day. Cold water tap. Motorcycle transportation. Fridge and stove combination. Stable access to electricity. Schooling for the children. Stable income. 2 billion people.

Question 25

Describe level 4 (According to Hans Rosling).

Answer 25

Greater than $32 per day. Hot and cold water available on demand. Auto transportation possible. Oven, stove, fridge, freezer combination possible. Some vacations via plane possible. More than 12 years of education generally. 1 billion people mostly in the Americas and Europe but also in Asia.

Question 26

200 years ago, what percentage of the world was living in level 1? What is comparable to the manner by which the vast majority of people live today?

Answer 26

200 years ago, 85% were living in level 1. Today, the majority of the world (85% in levels 2 and 3) lives a life comparable to Europe or North America in the 1950s.

Question 27

What should I look for first when viewing a graph that appears to show a vast disparity between two groups?

Answer 27

First, check the scaling of the x and y-axis to see if it is logarithmic or if any portion of the axis has been left out to emphasize a disparity. Then, look for the majority, not only the extremes. Remember that from the top, it is easy to categorize every one below as poor, but that there is a wide spectrum of differences between those in income level 1 and income level 4.

Question 28

What organization adopted Hans Rosling's four income level hierarchy in 2016?

Answer 28

The World Bank

Question 29

What are some of the big dangers we are facing? (It is important to recognize that we are improving in many ways but also deteriorating in others.)

Answer 29

Terrorism is on the rise. Overfishing, pollution, and extinction. Global warming: Sea levels will rise three feet over the next 100 years.

Question 30

What year was it that was the first time that 51% of the world was above the poverty line?

Answer 30

1966

Question 31

How many people lived in extreme poverty 20 years ago? How many today?

Answer 31

29% 9%

Question 32

What was the average global life expectancy in 1800? What is it today?

Answer 32

30 years 72 years

Question 33

What have been a few of the major setbacks in life expectancy throughout the last 150 years?

Answer 33

**1880** - Famines **1918** - Spanish influenza **1940s** - WWII **1960** - Great Chinese Famine (Mao's policies)

Question 34

**True/False**. There are a few countries in the world with an average life expectancy of fewer than 50 years.

Answer 34

**False**. No countries have an average life expectancy of fewer than 50 years.

Question 35

How many countries had legal slavery in 1800? How many today (Out of 194)?

Answer 35

193 3

Question 36

What percent of children died before their 5th birthdays in 1800? What percent today?

Answer 36

44% 4%

Question 37

What percent of children were involved in full-time child labor in 1950? What percent today?

Answer 37

28% 10%

Question 38

What percentage of people were malnourished in 1970? What percentage today?

Answer 38

28% 11%

Question 39

What percentage of adults in the world are able to read and write?

Answer 39

86%

Question 40

What percentage of the world lives in a democracy today?

Answer 40

56%

Question 41

What percentage of boys and girls in the world are enrolled in primary school, respectively?

Answer 41

92% 90%

Question 42

How many people were there in 8000 BC? When did the population reach 1 billion? When did we reach 1.5 billion? When did we reach 2 billion? Where are we in 2018? Where will we be in 2100?

Answer 42

\<500 million 1800 1900 1930 7.4 billion 11 billion (But stable, just replacement fertility)

Question 43

Over the last 50 years, how has the average number of babies born per woman changed?

Answer 43

It has halved (5 down to 2.5)

Question 44

How do we curb population growth?

Answer 44

Eradicate extreme poverty (Higher income societies produce less children)

Question 45

What is the average birth rate in level 1 income societies?

Answer 45

5 children per woman

Question 46

What is the average birth rate in level 2-4 income societies?

Answer 46

2 children per woman

Question 47

How significant are the direct effects of DDT on human health (regardless of its dramatic environmental impact)?

Answer 47

Mild effects. Thus DDT can be useful in quick eradication of disease in certain situations (e.g. malaria in refugee camps)

Question 48

Is fear of terrorism in an income level 4 area a rational fear?

Answer 48

No, only 0.9% of all terroristic deaths from 2006 to 2017 occurred in income level 4 nations.

Question 49

How much has the terrorist threat increased in the world and in what income levels?

Answer 49

There has been a tripling from the 1997 - 2006 decade (50,000) to the 2006 - 2016 decade (150,000). 99.1% of these occurred in income levels 1 - 3.

Question 50

What percentage of global deaths are taken up by terrorism?

Answer 50

0.05%

Question 51

Data shows that half the increase in child survival in the world is due to what?

Answer 51

The increased ability of mothers to read and write.

Question 52

What are some direct methods to improve health in income levels 1 and 2?

Answer 52

Fund primary schools, nurse education, health workers, and vaccinations.

Question 53

How many billions of people live in Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia, respectively?

Answer 53

1 - 1 - 1 - 4

Question 54

In 2100, how many billions of people are expected to live in Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia, respectively?

Answer 54

1 - 1 - 4 - 5

Question 55

What percentage of infants died before their first birthday in 1950? What percentage in 2017?

Answer 55

15% 3%

Question 56

Currently, 60% of level 4 income populations live in the West and 40% outside of it. How will this have changed in 2040?

Answer 56

The number of wealthy people in the West will not have changed drastically, but the numbers will be reversed. 40% of all the world's 4th income level population will be in the West and 60% in the rest.

Question 57

Should babies sleep on their backs or fronts to help prevent SIDS?

Answer 57

Their backs (supine)

Question 58

Is there a major difference between religious and non-religious individuals in regard to how many children (on average) are born per woman?

Answer 58

No

Question 59

What is the main indicator as to how many children a woman is likely to have in her lifetime?

Answer 59

Income level (lower income levels generally produce more children)

Question 60

Where does the U.S. rank in terms of life expectancy in the world?

Answer 60

#40 (Out of 194) | (U.S. citizens live on average three years less than their counterparts in other level 4 countries)

Question 61

How does U.S. healthcare spending per capita compare to other level 4 income countries?

Answer 61

The U.S. is #1 by far ($9,400 compared to an average of $3,600 per capita in other level 4 countries)

Question 62

What percentage of the U.S. GDP goes to healthcare spending every year?

Answer 62

17%

Question 63

How many people have access to a washing machine today?

Answer 63

2 billion

Question 64

Can we lay all the blame of 'Big Pharma' on corporate leaders?

Answer 64

No, there are many overlapping interests involved. CEO \< Board \< Shareholders \< Retirement funds etc.

Question 65

Were smugglers to blame for the drowning of 4,000+ refugees in the Mediterranean in 2015?

Answer 65

No, the 1949 Geneva Conventions guarantee refugees the ability to seek asylum in Europe. The refugees could pay the price of an airline ticket, but European countries demanded that (Inaccessible) visas be shown in order to buy the tickets (As a way to combat illegal immigration).. So, excessive anti-illegal immigration measures in the West impeded refugees gaining asylum.

Question 66

How much of the carbon dioxide produced every year is produced by the richest billion?

Answer 66

50%

Question 67

How many people died in the Spanish Flu of 1918?

Answer 67

50 million | (Life expectancy dropped from 33 to 23)

Question 68

What are some of the biggest global threats we are currently facing (According to Hans Rosling)?

Answer 68

Global pandemic, climate change, world war, extreme poverty, and financial collapse

Question 69

What is the most likely pathogenic culprit for a new global pandemic?

Answer 69

A flu strain

Question 70

How do we prevent WWIII?

Answer 70

Strengthen international ties (Olympic games, world trade, educational exchange programs, free internet, diplomacy, etc.)

Question 71

How can a lack of factfulness be remedied in education?

Answer 71

Especially in medicine, a basic, up-to-date framework as to the state of the world needs to be implemented so physicians and other professionals know what kind of situation and social determinants surround their patients.. History needs to be taught so that students can understand the progress and changes that have been made.

Question 72

What is a quick, easy method to learn more about diverse, international communities we may be serving?

Answer 72

Dollarstreet.org