Facial Growth 3 Flashcards
What 2 theories of facial growth are now considered historical
remodelling and sutural
cartilaginous theory of facial growth
cartilages and synchondroses generate the force to develop the bones in a specific direction
functional matrix theory of facial growth
Growth occurs in response to individual units which are developing to provide a function
e.g coronoid process develops in response to the temporalis muscle
Force exerted by growing soft tissues is what determines direction and extent of growth
when might growth rotations occur
when there is an imbalance in growth of anterior and posterior face heights
forwards growth rotation
can occur if there is increased posterior face height in comparison to anterior.
results in a short face and is associated with a deep bite
backwards growth rotation
can occur if there is decreased posterior face height in comparison to anterior
results in a long face and is associated with an anterior open bite
what age does facial growth stop
slows around age 16-17 in females and 18-20 in males but never fully stops
continues in small amounts in adulthood with face getting flatter and longer
why might a lateral cephalogram be taken
to aid diagnosis e.g confirm skeletal class III
treatment planning e.g help clarify tooth movement to be achieved
progress monitoring
lateral cephalogram
standardised lateral radiographs of the face and base of skull
they are reproducible as patient is positioned in a cephalostat
what might differ between lateral cephalogram machines that needs to be taken into consideration if comparing images
magnification
when taking a lateral cephalogram where should the frankfort plane be
parallel to the floor
eastman analysis
details cephalometric norms
what anatomical landmarks could be used for superimposition of lateral cephalograms
sella turcica
middle cranial fossa
