Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IMAG232 - Radiography of the Axial Skeleton > Facial Bones Technique > Flashcards

Facial Bones Technique Flashcards

1
Q

indications for x-raying LATERAL SKULL - 3 points

A

as part of skeletal survey for NAI and myeloma
“shunk” series - hydrocephalus
tangential views for FB demo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 #s for facial bones

A

zygomatic arch #
tripod #
orbital blow-out #

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is carried out as part of radiation protection - 6 points

A 
ID check
careful technique - avoid repeats
gonad protection wherever practicable
efficient collimation
28 day rule where appropriate
consider alternative imaging modalities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Radiographic positioning for LATERAL SKULL - 4 points

A

pt seated with lateral aspect of head in contact with receptor
frontal, parietal and occipital bones in profile
EAMs superimposed - MSP parallel to receptor so no rotation
IPL at 90 degrees to receptor so no rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where to centre for LATERAL SKULL?

SID?

A

midway between the external occipital protuberance and the glabella, 5cms superior to EAM
100cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

image criteria for LATERAL SKULL - 3 points

A

frontal bone superiorly and anteriorly
base of skull and partial facial bones inferiorly
occipital bone posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

correct positioning for LATERAL SKULL - 3 points

A

EAMs superimposed so no rotation
floor of anterior cranial fossa, anterior & posterior clinoid process and sella turcica = superimposed so no rotation

superimposition of tables of bone associated with frontal, parietal and occipital bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why is a horizontal beam used?

A

in order to demonstrate fluid levels associated with facial bones injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

radiographic positioning OM VIEW - 6 points

A

pt sat facing image receptor
anterior nasal spine coincident with midline of image receptor and MSP at 90 degrees
outer canthus of the eye and EAM should be equidistant from the image receptor so no rotation
IPL should be parallel to image receptor to ensure head is not ‘canted’
raise pt’s chin to bring RBL 45 degrees to image receptor

infra-orbital margins should be aligned to the central lines of image receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

centre to where for OM VIEW?

SID?

A

centre of the image detector

100cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

image criteria for OM VIEW - 3 points

A

superior orbital margins superiorly
distal aspect of maxillae inferiorly
parietal/temporal bones laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

correct positioning for OM VIEW - 4 points

A

distance between lateral orbital borders and lateral skull borders should be equidistant so no rotation

petrous ridge to be projected inferiorly to maxillary sinuses

nasal septum should be coincident with midline of the image

inferior orbital margins should be on same horizontal plane and coincident with midline of image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

radiographic positioning OM30 VIEW - 6 points

A

pt seated facing image receptor
anterior nasal spine coincident with midline of image receptor and MSP at 90 degrees
outer canthus of eye and EAMs should be equidistant from image receptor so no rotation
IPL should be parallel to image receptor so head not ‘canted’
raise pt’s chin so RBL 45 degrees to image receptor

upper portion of symphysis menti should be aligned to central lines of receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where to centre for OM30 VIEW?

SID?

A

more inferior than OM VIEW because a caudal angle is applied - centre to centre of image receptor
100cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

image criteria for OM30 VIEW - 3 points

A

superior orbital margins superiorly
mandible/mastoid air cells inferiorly
parietal/temporal bones laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

correct positioning OM30 VIEW - 4 points

A

distance between the lateral orbital borders and lateral skull borders should be equidistant so no rotation

nasal septum should be coincident with midline of the image

petrous ridge to be projected well below the maxillary sinuses and orbital floor seen clearly through maxillary sinuses

symphysis menti should be coincident with midline of the image

17
Q

how to assess the image

why do we image both sides of the face

A

ABCs

to allow for injured and uninjured sides to be compared for asymmetry and abnormalities

18
Q

what are the 2 methods for analysis of facial bones

what are these?

A

Dolan’s lines
McGrigor’s lines

these are standardised lines that can be traced over the anatomy to look for discontinuities and abnormalities

19
Q

when is a MODIFIED OM VIEW used?

what view is performed?
what is the radiographic positioning?

A

where pt’s arrive on trolley and horizontal beam cannot be utilised because cannot sit them in erect position

a mento-occiptal view is performed supine with vertical ray angled appropriately and centred on the anterior aspect of the pt
ideally positioning of RBL should be the same however a collar or associated injuries can make this difficult

20
Q

how is the central ray angled and by how much?

what is a disadvantage of the mento-occiptal view?

is a similar approach used for an OM30 view, why/why not?

A

cranially and depending on how restricted the pt is at raising their chin to bring RBL 45 degrees to receptor -
the less the chin is raised, the greater the angle applied

doesn’t demonstrate fluid levels and can appear magnified/distorted but still gives preliminary diagnostic information

no because the view is too distorted

21
Q

what is the radiographic positioning for a MODIFIED LATERAL VIEW - 4 points

A

pt has lateral aspect of face in contact with receptor
frontal bone, nasal septum, maxillae and mandible all in profile
EAMs superimposed so MSP = parallel to receptor so no rotation
IPL at 90 degrees to receptor so no rotation

22
Q

where to centre for MODIFIED LATERAL VIEW?

SID?

A

2.5cm behind the outer canthus of the eye along the RBL

100cm

23
Q

image criteria for LATERAL FACIAL BONES - 4 points

A

frontal bone superiorly
mandible inferiorly
soft tissues on anterior aspect of frontal/nasal/maxillae/ mandible anteriorly
anterior portion of parietal/temporal bone/c-spine posteriorly

24
Q

correct positioning for LATERAL FACIAL BONES - 3 points

A

EAMs should be superimposed so no rotation
floor of anterior cranial fossa and sella turcica should be superimposed so no rotation
superimposition of tables of bone associated with frontal/orbital/maxillae/mandible

25
Q

aim for MODIFIED SMV (SUB-MENTO VERTICAL) ‘JUG HANDLES’

radiographic positioning - 4 points

A

aiming to get zygoma parallel to receptor

pt supine (or erect), neck extended until zygomatic arches are parallel to receptor
EAMs equidistant from receptor so no rotation
MSP - 90 degrees to receptor
IPL - parallel to receptor

26
Q

where to centre for JUG HANDLES

what can be done to visualise more of affected side

where is central ray angled

A

midway between EAMs ensuring angle is 90 degrees to receptor - profile of zygomatic arches seen on receptor

head may be tilted 5-10 degrees away from side under examination allowing visualisation of zygoma without superimposition of the skull or other facial bones

at 90 degrees to receptor

27
Q

image criteria for JUG HANDLES - 2 points

A

mandibular symphysis superiorly

entirety of zygomatic arches laterally

28
Q

correct positioning for JUG HANDLES - 3 points

A

angles of mandible should be clear of the petrous temporal bones

whole length of zygomatic arch should be demonstrated in profile

midline of the pt’s skull should be coincident with midline of the image

IMAG232 - Radiography of the Axial Skeleton (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions