Face, Temporal and and infratemporal fossa

Question 1

Describe the face.

Answer 1

The face is the anterior part of the head and provides identity as a human being.

Question 2

What are some important roles of the face?

Answer 2

Communication with others and our interaction with the environment.

Question 3

What forms the shape of the face?

Answer 3

The underlying bones.

Question 4

Name some bones of the face and what features they underlie

Answer 4

Frontal bone - forehead
Zygomatic bone - cheekbones
Maxillary bone - cheek
Mandible - jaw
Mandibular process - chin

Question 5

What do the muscles of facial expression do?

Answer 5

They close the eye and mouth and convey mood.

Question 6

Which muscle elevates the eyebrows?

Answer 6

Occipitofrontalis

Question 7

What does orbicularis oculi do?

Answer 7

Closes eyelids

Question 8

Which muscle closes the mouth?

Answer 8

Orbicularis oris

Question 9

Which muscle elevates labial commissure?

Answer 9

Zygomaticus major

Question 10

What does the Platysma do?

Answer 10

It depresses the mandible against resistance, and tenses the fascia of the neck

Question 11

What does the buccinator do?

Answer 11

Compresses the cheek

Question 12

What is the supply of cutaneous innervation?

Answer 12

The trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Question 13

What does the facial nerve (CN VII) supply?

Answer 13

All muscles of facial expression

Question 14

What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerves?

Answer 14

Opthalmic nerve (V1)
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 15

What is the name of cranial nerve 7 and what type of innervation does it supply?

Answer 15

Facial nerve. Sensory, tase, general, motor and visceral motor

Question 16

Where does cranial nerve 7 exit?

Answer 16

Internal acoustic meatus
Facial canal
Stylomastoid foramen

Question 17

What are the motor branches of cranial nerve 7? (Hint: there are six)

Answer 17

Posterior auricular
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Marginal mandibular Cervical

Question 18

Where does the parasympathetic part of CN VII branch to?

Answer 18

It branches to the pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 19

What does the pterygopalatine ganglion do?

Answer 19

The pterygopalatine ganglion goes to the nasal passage and helps to regulate bloodflow to the nasal conchae

Question 20

How does cranial nerve 7 supply taste information?

Answer 20

via the chorda tymphani via the lingual nerve

Question 21

Which part of the tongue does the lingual nerve supply sensory innervation to?

Answer 21

The anterior two thirds of the tongue

Question 22

Where does cranial nerve 7 supply general sensory innervation over?

Answer 22

The skin over the external auditory meatus

Question 23

What are the three salivary glands in the head which aid digestion
called?

Answer 23

Parotid, submandibular and sublingual

Question 24

Which salivary gland is the largest?

Answer 24

The parotid gland

Question 25

Describe the location of the parotid gland

Answer 25

Superficial to muscles

Question 26

Where does the parotid duct leave the parotid gland and where does it go to?

Answer 26

the parotid duct leaves the gland at the anterior edge, passing towards the corner of the mouth but turning deep through the buccinator

Question 27

Where does the parotid duct open?

Answer 27

The parotid duct opens into the oral cavity at the upper second molar tooth

Question 28

Which structures run through the parotid gland?

Answer 28

The retromandibular vein The external carotid artery The facial nerve

Question 29

Which muscles are responsible for mastication?

Answer 29

Temporalis Masseter Medial pterygoid Lateral pterygoid

Question 30

What does the temporalis do?

Answer 30

elevation and retraction

Question 31

what does the masseter do?

Answer 31

Elevation- from angle of jaw to the zygomatic arch, and responsible for closing jaw

Question 32

What does the medial pterygoid do?

Answer 32

Elevation, side to side movements

Question 33

What does the lateral pterygoid do?

Answer 33

Protrusion and depression

Question 34

Where is the nerve supply for the muscles of mastication from?

Answer 34

The motor branch of V3

Question 35

What type of innervation does cranial nerve 5 supply?

Answer 35

general sensory and somatic motor to derivatives of the 1st pharyngeal arch

Question 36

Name the first division of cranial nerve V (V1) and state its exit

Answer 36

Opthalmic; superior orbital fissure

Question 37

Name the second division of cranial nerve V (V2) and state its exit

Answer 37

Maxillary; foramen rotundum

Question 38

Name the third division of cranial nerve V and state its exit

Answer 38

Mandibular, foramen ovale

Question 39

What type of nervous supply does the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve provide?

Answer 39

Sensory fibres in the skin, mucous membranes, conjunctiva, front of head and nose

Question 40

What branches does V1 form?

Answer 40

lacrimal nasocillary frontal

Question 41

Where does V1 exit

Answer 41

Superior orbital fissure

Question 42

What type of supply does V2 provide?

Answer 42

Sensory fibres in the dura, nasal, upper cheek, lip, teeth

Question 43

Describe the path that the maxillary nerve (V2) takes

Answer 43

Enters the pterygopalatine fossa, gives off branches to the pteryggopalatine ganglion, then through the inferior orbital fissure

Question 44

Where does the maxillary nerve exit the skull?

Answer 44

Foramen rotundum

Question 45

What branches are formed from the maxillary nerve?

Answer 45

infraorbital, zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal

Question 46

What kind of nerve supply does the mandibular nerve provide?

Answer 46

Mixed, both sensory and motor. sensory to the lower face, lip, teeth. Motor to muscles of mastication

Question 47

Where does the mandibular nerve provide motor supply to?

Answer 47

The muscles of mastication

Question 48

Where does the mandibular nerve exit the skull?

Answer 48

The foramen ovale

Question 49

Name the sensory branches of the mandibular nerve

Answer 49

Auriculotemporal, buccal, mental, lingual, inferior alveolar

Question 50

Name the motor branches of the mandibular nerve

Answer 50

Temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids, nerve to mylohoid

Question 51

Where does V3 supply parasympethic innervation to?

Answer 51

The salivary glands

Question 52

What is the temporal fossa?

Answer 52

A fan shaped space that is located on the lateral surface of the skull

Question 53

What does the temporal fossa contain?

Answer 53

the temporalis muscle and branches of V2

Question 54

Describe the location of the infratemporal fossa.

Answer 54

It is inferior to the temporal fossa

Question 55

What does the infratemporal fossa contain?

Answer 55

``` Medial and lateral pterygoids maxillary artery V3 branches of the facial nerve glossopharyngeal nerve pterygoid plexus of veins ```