Anatomy of memory and emotion

Question 1

What is episodic memory?

Answer 1

Remembering events, conversations and experiences

Question 2

What is encoding

Answer 2

putting information into short term memory

Question 3

What is consolidation

Answer 3

putting short term memory information into long term memory

Question 4

what is recall

Answer 4

retrieving information from long term memory

Question 5

What is the key area in episodic memory?

Answer 5

hippocampus in the medial temporal lobe

Question 6

what is the pathway for consolidation?

Answer 6

hippocampus-fornix-mammillary bodies - anterior thalamus

Question 7

What handles the parts of a memory?

Answer 7

the neocortical sensory areas (as for perception, imagery). The parahippocampal gyrus links the hippocampus to the neocortex

Question 8

what links the hippocampus to the neocortex

Answer 8

parahippocampal gyrus

Question 9

what modulates episodic memory in terms of emotion?

Answer 9

the amygdala

Question 10

what modulates episodic memory in terms of attention?

Answer 10

the anterior cingulate gyrus

Question 11

What is semantic memory?

Answer 11

conceptual understanding, knowledge, categorising, information

Question 12

what does the anterior temporal cortex do in semantic memory?

Answer 12

links together different parts of a concept

Question 13

What categorises visual perceptions?

Answer 13

the posterior inferior temporal cortex

Question 14

What does the posterior inferior temporal cortex do in regards to semantic memory?

Answer 14

categorises visual perceptions

Question 15

What do the neocortical sensory areas do in semantic memory?

Answer 15

Handle the parts of a concept

Question 16

What does the amygdala do in emotion?

Answer 16

responsible for the experience of emotion or the evaluation of affective relevance. in both negative and positive emotion but especially negative e.g. fear

Question 17

What does the ventral frontal cortex do in emotion?

Answer 17

regulates emotion and puts it in context

The lateral ventral frontal cortex responds to outside situations and the medial deals with feelings at the time

Question 18

What does the hippocampus do in emotion?

Answer 18

learns emotional relevance and recalls emotion

Question 19

what does the hypothalamus do in emotion?

Answer 19

prepares for a response, associates with autonomic nervous system

Question 20

What is the anterior insula responsible for?

Answer 20

visceral feelings

Question 21

what does the anterior cingulate do in emotion?

Answer 21

links amygdala to the cortex, and is responsible for emotionally-directed attention

Question 22

What are aminergic/cholinergic nuclei responsible for?

Answer 22

Emotional arousal

Question 23

Where is reward experienced

Answer 23

nucleus accumbens (ventral striatum), amygdala

Question 24

what happens in the ventral tegmental area?

Answer 24

reward is learnt